LECOM-SH OPP EXAM 3
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(SCORED
A+)
LECTURE 18 - CERVICAL SPINE/NECK!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! - ANSWER
What are the superior boundaries of the anterior neck? - ANSWERMandible
What are the superior boundaries of the posterior neck? - ANSWERMastoid process
superior nuchal line
What are the superior margins of the inferior base of the neck? -
ANSWERManubrium
Clavicle
Acromion
What are the posterior boundaries of the the inferior base of the neck? -
ANSWER1st rib
Junction of C-VII / T1
What are the boundaries of the anterior neck triangle? - ANSWERAnterior midline,
mandible, SCM
What are the boundaries of the posterior neck triangle? - ANSWERMiddle 1/3rd of
clavicle, Trapezius, SCM
What are the non-bony anterior neck structures? (there are 6) - ANSWER1) hyoid
bone
2) thyroid notch
3) Laryngeal prominence
4) Median cricothyroid ligament
5) arch of cricoid
6) thyroid gland (left, Isthmus, right lobes)
What are the bony structures of the anterior neck? (only 1) - ANSWERHyoid bone (it
"floats")
What are the bony structures of the posterior neck? - ANSWERC0 - Occiput
C1-C7
What is the facial significance of the hyoid bone? - ANSWERpretracheal fascia
begins (superiorly) at hyoid bone
What is shape of the hyoid bone? - ANSWERU-shaped and contains lesser and
greater horns
,What is the surrounding superior structural attachments of the hyoid bone? -
ANSWERFloor of the oral cavity
What is the surrounding Inferior structural attachments of the hyoid bone? -
ANSWERLarynx
What is the surrounding Posterior structural attachments of the hyoid bone? -
ANSWERPharynx
What side of an intervertebral disc is the thickest? - ANSWERthickest anteriorly
What are the typical characteristics of cervical vertebrae (C3-C6) - ANSWER-
Vertebral body
- specialized transverse processes
- Vertebral foramen
- Facet joints
- Bifid spinous process
What direction of the cervical Facets facing? - ANSWERB.U.M.
backwards/upwards/medially
What are the characteristics of atypical cervical: C1? - ANSWER- No body
- Posterior arch is shorter / straighter than anterior arch
- AND - provides
- An articulating surface for the - dens of C2
- Relatively prominent TP
- Superior articular facets are concave and kidney-shaped
- Inferior articular facets are circular and almost flat
What are the characteristc of atypical axis: C2 - ANSWERDens: upward projection of
the body of C2 that articulates with C1 in such a way that it is situated where one
would expect the body of C1 to be
What's another term for "dens"?
First palpable spinous process
What is found at Vertebral level CIII/IV? - ANSWERupper margin of the thyroid
cartilage/bifurcation of common carotid
What is found at vertebral level CVI? - ANSWERArch of cricoid cartilage,
Superior end of esophagus, superior end of trachea
Rotation: movement in a ___________ plane about a __________ axis -
ANSWERTransverse
vertical
Sidebending: movement in a __________ plane about an _____________ axis. -
ANSWERcoronal plane
A-P axis
, uFlexion: movement ___________ in a ___________ plane about a ____________
axis. - ANSWERForward,
Sagittal,
Transverse
Extension: movement ___________ in a ___________ plane about a
______________ axis. - ANSWERBackwards
Sagittal
Transverse
How do you assess the Static assessment? - ANSWERPosture
Anterior inspection for symmetry
Posterior inspection for symmetry
Lateral inspection
Cervical lordosis
How do you assess a dynamic assessment? - ANSWER- Range of motion
(rotation/side bending/Flexion/Extension)
- Global ROM (active ROM)
- Segmental ROM (passive ROM)
Rotation occurs in ____________ plane about a __________ axis -
ANSWERTransverse plane and vertical axis
Sidebending occurs in a ___________ plane about __________ axis -
ANSWERcoronal plane and A-P axis
Flexion/Extension occurs in a _________ plane about ____________ axis -
ANSWERSagittal plane and transverse axis
AGAINNNNNN REVIEW FRYETTES MOTHER F*CKIN PRINCIPLES, 1, 2, and 3 -
ANSWER1) in the neutral side bending and rotation are coupled in opposite
directions
2) In sufficient flexion or extension, side bending and rotation are coupled in the
same direction
3) Initiating movement of a vertebral segment in any plane or motion will modify the
movement of that segment in other planes of motion
Classic spinal Mechanics of the Occiput on C-1:
What type does it exhibit? - ANSWERExhibits type 1-like mechanics (NO MATTER
WHAT) - side bending and rotation are ALWAYS OPPOSITE, regardless of flexion,
extension or neutral
Classic spinal Mechanics of the C1-C2 (important info) - ANSWERC1 on C2 pretty
much only rotates and by the C1 motion
Classic spinal Mechanics of the C2-C6:
What type does it exhibit? - ANSWERExhibits type II-like mechanics - Sid bending
and Rotation are always coupled to the same side, REGARDLESS of flexed,
extension, and neutral
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(SCORED
A+)
LECTURE 18 - CERVICAL SPINE/NECK!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! - ANSWER
What are the superior boundaries of the anterior neck? - ANSWERMandible
What are the superior boundaries of the posterior neck? - ANSWERMastoid process
superior nuchal line
What are the superior margins of the inferior base of the neck? -
ANSWERManubrium
Clavicle
Acromion
What are the posterior boundaries of the the inferior base of the neck? -
ANSWER1st rib
Junction of C-VII / T1
What are the boundaries of the anterior neck triangle? - ANSWERAnterior midline,
mandible, SCM
What are the boundaries of the posterior neck triangle? - ANSWERMiddle 1/3rd of
clavicle, Trapezius, SCM
What are the non-bony anterior neck structures? (there are 6) - ANSWER1) hyoid
bone
2) thyroid notch
3) Laryngeal prominence
4) Median cricothyroid ligament
5) arch of cricoid
6) thyroid gland (left, Isthmus, right lobes)
What are the bony structures of the anterior neck? (only 1) - ANSWERHyoid bone (it
"floats")
What are the bony structures of the posterior neck? - ANSWERC0 - Occiput
C1-C7
What is the facial significance of the hyoid bone? - ANSWERpretracheal fascia
begins (superiorly) at hyoid bone
What is shape of the hyoid bone? - ANSWERU-shaped and contains lesser and
greater horns
,What is the surrounding superior structural attachments of the hyoid bone? -
ANSWERFloor of the oral cavity
What is the surrounding Inferior structural attachments of the hyoid bone? -
ANSWERLarynx
What is the surrounding Posterior structural attachments of the hyoid bone? -
ANSWERPharynx
What side of an intervertebral disc is the thickest? - ANSWERthickest anteriorly
What are the typical characteristics of cervical vertebrae (C3-C6) - ANSWER-
Vertebral body
- specialized transverse processes
- Vertebral foramen
- Facet joints
- Bifid spinous process
What direction of the cervical Facets facing? - ANSWERB.U.M.
backwards/upwards/medially
What are the characteristics of atypical cervical: C1? - ANSWER- No body
- Posterior arch is shorter / straighter than anterior arch
- AND - provides
- An articulating surface for the - dens of C2
- Relatively prominent TP
- Superior articular facets are concave and kidney-shaped
- Inferior articular facets are circular and almost flat
What are the characteristc of atypical axis: C2 - ANSWERDens: upward projection of
the body of C2 that articulates with C1 in such a way that it is situated where one
would expect the body of C1 to be
What's another term for "dens"?
First palpable spinous process
What is found at Vertebral level CIII/IV? - ANSWERupper margin of the thyroid
cartilage/bifurcation of common carotid
What is found at vertebral level CVI? - ANSWERArch of cricoid cartilage,
Superior end of esophagus, superior end of trachea
Rotation: movement in a ___________ plane about a __________ axis -
ANSWERTransverse
vertical
Sidebending: movement in a __________ plane about an _____________ axis. -
ANSWERcoronal plane
A-P axis
, uFlexion: movement ___________ in a ___________ plane about a ____________
axis. - ANSWERForward,
Sagittal,
Transverse
Extension: movement ___________ in a ___________ plane about a
______________ axis. - ANSWERBackwards
Sagittal
Transverse
How do you assess the Static assessment? - ANSWERPosture
Anterior inspection for symmetry
Posterior inspection for symmetry
Lateral inspection
Cervical lordosis
How do you assess a dynamic assessment? - ANSWER- Range of motion
(rotation/side bending/Flexion/Extension)
- Global ROM (active ROM)
- Segmental ROM (passive ROM)
Rotation occurs in ____________ plane about a __________ axis -
ANSWERTransverse plane and vertical axis
Sidebending occurs in a ___________ plane about __________ axis -
ANSWERcoronal plane and A-P axis
Flexion/Extension occurs in a _________ plane about ____________ axis -
ANSWERSagittal plane and transverse axis
AGAINNNNNN REVIEW FRYETTES MOTHER F*CKIN PRINCIPLES, 1, 2, and 3 -
ANSWER1) in the neutral side bending and rotation are coupled in opposite
directions
2) In sufficient flexion or extension, side bending and rotation are coupled in the
same direction
3) Initiating movement of a vertebral segment in any plane or motion will modify the
movement of that segment in other planes of motion
Classic spinal Mechanics of the Occiput on C-1:
What type does it exhibit? - ANSWERExhibits type 1-like mechanics (NO MATTER
WHAT) - side bending and rotation are ALWAYS OPPOSITE, regardless of flexion,
extension or neutral
Classic spinal Mechanics of the C1-C2 (important info) - ANSWERC1 on C2 pretty
much only rotates and by the C1 motion
Classic spinal Mechanics of the C2-C6:
What type does it exhibit? - ANSWERExhibits type II-like mechanics - Sid bending
and Rotation are always coupled to the same side, REGARDLESS of flexed,
extension, and neutral
