Chapter 01 13e
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Most developmental psychologists believe that development is the result of:
a. nature and nurture acting separately.
b. genetic traits.
c. nature and nurture acting together.
d. environmental influences.
ANSWER: c
2. An individual's socioeconomic status includes, among other things, the person's:
a. ethnicity.
b. education level.
c. political beliefs.
d. religion.
ANSWER: b
3. In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological-systems approach, an interaction between microsystems would form the:
a. macrosystem.
b. exosystem.
c. microsystem.
d. mesosystem.
ANSWER: d
4. A group of researchers reported a high correlation between reading and academic scores. What numerical
correlation did the researchers MOST likely report?
a. -0.45
b. +0.45
c. -0.82
d. +0.82
ANSWER: d
Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 13e
5. Ugur is a young African American man who has recently been arrested. He is likely to receive a harsher
sentence for the crime compared to an older White man, due to the intersectionality of all of these EXCEPT:
a. race.
b. age.
c. gender.
d. religion.
ANSWER: d
6. Which example BEST illustrates a critical period?
a. a child learning to walk
b. a child learning a second language before age 4
c. a human fetus developing fingers and toes between 28 and 54 days in utero
d. a child learning to ride a bike between 5 and 6 years of age
ANSWER: c
7. Research that can be categorized, ranked, or numbered is:
a. quantitative research.
b. qualitative research.
c. correlational research.
d. observational research.
ANSWER: a
8. Dr. Schmidt predicts that a certain drug will reduce hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia. Their
prediction is called:
a. a conclusion.
b. empirical evidence.
c. a hypothesis.
d. an observation.
ANSWER: c
Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 13e
9. Stan and Marcus, who are close friends, grew up in the same neighborhood. Both were exposed to chronic
poverty, gang violence, and family dysfunction. By the time they were in high school, Stan was dropping out
of most classes, had a child, and had been arrested numerous times for drug-related crimes and theft.
Marcus, on the other hand, was a good student, played football, and had aspirations to attend college. These
diverse developmental trajectories, despite similar environmental influences, illustrate the concept of:
a. nature versus nurture.
b. a critical period.
c. a sensitive period.
d. differential susceptibility.
ANSWER: d
10. In an experiment, the group of participants who receive the imposed treatment or special condition is
referred to as the:
a. control group.
b. dependent group.
c. experimental group.
d. comparison group.
ANSWER: c
11. Which statement about scientific observation is TRUE?
a. It requires a large number of participants.
b. It requires specialized equipment, such as video recorders.
c. It involves recording behavior systematically and objectively.
d. It must take place in a lab setting.
ANSWER: c
12. People whose ancestors were born in the same region and who usually share the same language and religion
belong to the same:
a. racial group.
b. ethnic group.
c. SES group.
d. exosystem.
ANSWER: b
Page 3
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 13e
13. Which term did Bronfenbrenner use to describe the impact of the specific time in history on a person's
development?
a. macrosystem
b. exosystem
c. microsystem
d. chronosystem
ANSWER: d
14. Experiments allow researchers to:
a. study the natural environment.
b. study the complexity of an individual.
c. use the scientific method in a cost-effective way.
d. determine a cause-and-effect relationship.
ANSWER: d
15. Dr. Xavier ponders whether a specific brain chemical can be suppressed if a patient is given a large dose of
vitamin D. At which step in the scientific method is Dr. Xavier?
a. making a prediction
b. drawing conclusions
c. developing a hypothesis
d. gathering evidence
ANSWER: c
16. A correlation is considered to be negative if:
a. both variables decrease.
b. both variables increase.
c. one variable increases while the other variable decreases.
d. change in one variable is unrelated to change in the other variable.
ANSWER: c
17. The term that focuses attention on power differences that exist between groups and highlights discrimination
that occurs in many institutions is:
a. intersectionality.
b. social construction.
c. the microsystem.
d. differential susceptibility.
ANSWER: a
Page 4
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Most developmental psychologists believe that development is the result of:
a. nature and nurture acting separately.
b. genetic traits.
c. nature and nurture acting together.
d. environmental influences.
ANSWER: c
2. An individual's socioeconomic status includes, among other things, the person's:
a. ethnicity.
b. education level.
c. political beliefs.
d. religion.
ANSWER: b
3. In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological-systems approach, an interaction between microsystems would form the:
a. macrosystem.
b. exosystem.
c. microsystem.
d. mesosystem.
ANSWER: d
4. A group of researchers reported a high correlation between reading and academic scores. What numerical
correlation did the researchers MOST likely report?
a. -0.45
b. +0.45
c. -0.82
d. +0.82
ANSWER: d
Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 13e
5. Ugur is a young African American man who has recently been arrested. He is likely to receive a harsher
sentence for the crime compared to an older White man, due to the intersectionality of all of these EXCEPT:
a. race.
b. age.
c. gender.
d. religion.
ANSWER: d
6. Which example BEST illustrates a critical period?
a. a child learning to walk
b. a child learning a second language before age 4
c. a human fetus developing fingers and toes between 28 and 54 days in utero
d. a child learning to ride a bike between 5 and 6 years of age
ANSWER: c
7. Research that can be categorized, ranked, or numbered is:
a. quantitative research.
b. qualitative research.
c. correlational research.
d. observational research.
ANSWER: a
8. Dr. Schmidt predicts that a certain drug will reduce hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia. Their
prediction is called:
a. a conclusion.
b. empirical evidence.
c. a hypothesis.
d. an observation.
ANSWER: c
Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 13e
9. Stan and Marcus, who are close friends, grew up in the same neighborhood. Both were exposed to chronic
poverty, gang violence, and family dysfunction. By the time they were in high school, Stan was dropping out
of most classes, had a child, and had been arrested numerous times for drug-related crimes and theft.
Marcus, on the other hand, was a good student, played football, and had aspirations to attend college. These
diverse developmental trajectories, despite similar environmental influences, illustrate the concept of:
a. nature versus nurture.
b. a critical period.
c. a sensitive period.
d. differential susceptibility.
ANSWER: d
10. In an experiment, the group of participants who receive the imposed treatment or special condition is
referred to as the:
a. control group.
b. dependent group.
c. experimental group.
d. comparison group.
ANSWER: c
11. Which statement about scientific observation is TRUE?
a. It requires a large number of participants.
b. It requires specialized equipment, such as video recorders.
c. It involves recording behavior systematically and objectively.
d. It must take place in a lab setting.
ANSWER: c
12. People whose ancestors were born in the same region and who usually share the same language and religion
belong to the same:
a. racial group.
b. ethnic group.
c. SES group.
d. exosystem.
ANSWER: b
Page 3
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 13e
13. Which term did Bronfenbrenner use to describe the impact of the specific time in history on a person's
development?
a. macrosystem
b. exosystem
c. microsystem
d. chronosystem
ANSWER: d
14. Experiments allow researchers to:
a. study the natural environment.
b. study the complexity of an individual.
c. use the scientific method in a cost-effective way.
d. determine a cause-and-effect relationship.
ANSWER: d
15. Dr. Xavier ponders whether a specific brain chemical can be suppressed if a patient is given a large dose of
vitamin D. At which step in the scientific method is Dr. Xavier?
a. making a prediction
b. drawing conclusions
c. developing a hypothesis
d. gathering evidence
ANSWER: c
16. A correlation is considered to be negative if:
a. both variables decrease.
b. both variables increase.
c. one variable increases while the other variable decreases.
d. change in one variable is unrelated to change in the other variable.
ANSWER: c
17. The term that focuses attention on power differences that exist between groups and highlights discrimination
that occurs in many institutions is:
a. intersectionality.
b. social construction.
c. the microsystem.
d. differential susceptibility.
ANSWER: a
Page 4
