140 MUST KNOW NCLEX MEDSQUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS. STUDY THIS ONE
Aspirin (Bayer Aspirin) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: antipyretics, non-opioid, analgesics
*Indication*: rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and MI prophylaxis
*Action*: inhibits the production of prostaglandins which leads to a reduction of fever and inflammation,
decreases platelet aggregation leading to a decrease in ischemic diseases
*Nursing Considerations*:
- use caution in bleeding disorders, chronic alcohol use
- may lead to Stevens-Johnson syndrome, laryngeal edema, and anaphylaxis
- increases risk for bleeding with warfarin, heparin, and clopidogrel
- increased risk for GI bleeding with NSAID use
- monitor liver function tests
- concurrent use with alcohol may increase risk for GI bleeding
Atenolol (Tenormin) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: beta blocker,
antianginal, antihypertensive
*Indication*: hypertension, angina, prevention of MI
*Action*: blocks the stimulation of beta1 receptors in the SNS with minimal effect on beta2 receptors
*Nursing Considerations*:
- Contraindicated in CHF, pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, bradycardia, heart block
- monitor hemodynamic parameters (HR, BP)
- May cause bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema
- Masks symptoms associated with diabetes mellitus
- advise to change positions slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension
- instruct patient on how to take blood pressure
,atropine (Atro-pen) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: antiarrhythmic, anticholinergic,
antimuscarinic
*Indication*: decreases oral and respiratory secretions, treats sinus bradycardia and heart block,
treatment of bronchospasm
*Action*: Atropine is an anticholinergic which means that it inhibits the effects of the parasympathetic
nervous system, specifically acetylcholine. This inhibition causes increase in HR, bronchodilation,
decreased GI and respiratory secretions.
*Nursing Considerations*:
- Avoid in acute hemorrhage, tachycardia, and angle closure glaucoma
- monitor patient for tachycardia and palpitations
- may cause urinary retention in elderly patients
- patients may experience constipation due to slowed GI motility
azithromycin (Zithromax) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: agents for atypical mycobacterium, anti-
infectives
*Indication*: URI, chronic bronchitis, lower respiratory infections, otitis media, skin infections, various
STIs, prevention of bacterial endocarditis, treatment of cystic fibrosis
*Action*: inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
*Nursing Considerations*:
-may lead to pseudomembranous colitis, pain, diarrhea, nausea, Stevens-Johnson syndrome,
angioedema
- may increase risks for warfarin toxicity
- monitor patient for signs of anaphylaxis
- instruct patient to notify physician for diarrhea, or blood or pus in stool
- instruct patient to take medication exactly as prescribed
Benzotropine (Cogentin) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: Anticholinergic, Antiparkinson agent
*Indication*: anticholinergic properties in the CNS to reduce rigidity and tremors
*Action*: treatment for Parkinson's disease,
*Nursing Considerations*:
- may lead to arrhythmias, hypotension, palpitations, and tachycardia
,- anticholinergic effects like constipation, dry mouth
- assess for extrapyramidal symptoms
- instruct patient to take as directed
- instruct patient to maintain good oral hygiene
biscodyl (Ducolax) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: stimulant laxatives
*Indication*: treatment of constipation, bowel regimen
*Action*: stimulates peristalsis leads to fluid accumulation in the colon
*Nursing Considerations*:
-may lead to hypokalemia
- may cause abdominal pain and cramps
- use caution with milk
- assess for abdominal distention and bowel function
- instruct patient to drink 1500-2000 mL/day during therapy
- monitor fluid and electrolyte levels
- instruct patient to take as ordered
Bismuth Subsalicylate (Kaopectate, Pepto-Bismol) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: antidiarrheal,
antiulcer
*Indication*: diarrhea, heartburn, indigestion, H. pylori associated ulcer
*Action*: Stimulates the absorption of fluids and electrolytes in the intestinal wall, reduction in
hypermotility of the stomach, and binds to toxins
*Nursing Considerations*:
-contraindicated in aspirin hypersensitivity
- increase risk for impaction with geriatric and pediatric patients
- monitor liver profile
- bismuth may interfere with radiologic exams
bupropion (Wellbutrin) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: Antidepressants, smoking deterrents
, *Indication*: depression, smoking cessation, treat ADHD in adults
*Action*:
*Nursing Considerations*:
- may lead to seizures, suicidal thoughts
- do not administer if patient is taking MAOI
- use caution with renal and liver impairment
- assess mental status
- instruct patient to avoid alcohol while taking bupropion
Buspirone (BuSpar) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: Antidepressants, smoking deterrents
*Indication*:management of anxiety
*Action*: relieves anxiety by binding to dopamine and serotonin receptors
*Nursing Considerations*:
- do not administer concurrently with MOAI or grapefruit juice
- may lead to dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, and weakness
- patient may experience chest pain, palpitations, tachycardia
- instruct patient to take as directed
- instruct patient to avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants
Butorphanol (Stadol) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: Opioid Analgesic
*Indication*: moderate to severe pain, labor pain, sedation
*Action*: alters perception and response to pain by biding to opiate receptors in CNS
*Nursing Considerations*:
-use caution with concurrent use of MAOIs
- may cause confusion, hallucinations, sedation
- monitor for CNS depression
- assess blood pressure pulse and respirations during administration
- administer slowly through IV line
VERIFIED ANSWERS. STUDY THIS ONE
Aspirin (Bayer Aspirin) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: antipyretics, non-opioid, analgesics
*Indication*: rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and MI prophylaxis
*Action*: inhibits the production of prostaglandins which leads to a reduction of fever and inflammation,
decreases platelet aggregation leading to a decrease in ischemic diseases
*Nursing Considerations*:
- use caution in bleeding disorders, chronic alcohol use
- may lead to Stevens-Johnson syndrome, laryngeal edema, and anaphylaxis
- increases risk for bleeding with warfarin, heparin, and clopidogrel
- increased risk for GI bleeding with NSAID use
- monitor liver function tests
- concurrent use with alcohol may increase risk for GI bleeding
Atenolol (Tenormin) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: beta blocker,
antianginal, antihypertensive
*Indication*: hypertension, angina, prevention of MI
*Action*: blocks the stimulation of beta1 receptors in the SNS with minimal effect on beta2 receptors
*Nursing Considerations*:
- Contraindicated in CHF, pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, bradycardia, heart block
- monitor hemodynamic parameters (HR, BP)
- May cause bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema
- Masks symptoms associated with diabetes mellitus
- advise to change positions slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension
- instruct patient on how to take blood pressure
,atropine (Atro-pen) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: antiarrhythmic, anticholinergic,
antimuscarinic
*Indication*: decreases oral and respiratory secretions, treats sinus bradycardia and heart block,
treatment of bronchospasm
*Action*: Atropine is an anticholinergic which means that it inhibits the effects of the parasympathetic
nervous system, specifically acetylcholine. This inhibition causes increase in HR, bronchodilation,
decreased GI and respiratory secretions.
*Nursing Considerations*:
- Avoid in acute hemorrhage, tachycardia, and angle closure glaucoma
- monitor patient for tachycardia and palpitations
- may cause urinary retention in elderly patients
- patients may experience constipation due to slowed GI motility
azithromycin (Zithromax) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: agents for atypical mycobacterium, anti-
infectives
*Indication*: URI, chronic bronchitis, lower respiratory infections, otitis media, skin infections, various
STIs, prevention of bacterial endocarditis, treatment of cystic fibrosis
*Action*: inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
*Nursing Considerations*:
-may lead to pseudomembranous colitis, pain, diarrhea, nausea, Stevens-Johnson syndrome,
angioedema
- may increase risks for warfarin toxicity
- monitor patient for signs of anaphylaxis
- instruct patient to notify physician for diarrhea, or blood or pus in stool
- instruct patient to take medication exactly as prescribed
Benzotropine (Cogentin) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: Anticholinergic, Antiparkinson agent
*Indication*: anticholinergic properties in the CNS to reduce rigidity and tremors
*Action*: treatment for Parkinson's disease,
*Nursing Considerations*:
- may lead to arrhythmias, hypotension, palpitations, and tachycardia
,- anticholinergic effects like constipation, dry mouth
- assess for extrapyramidal symptoms
- instruct patient to take as directed
- instruct patient to maintain good oral hygiene
biscodyl (Ducolax) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: stimulant laxatives
*Indication*: treatment of constipation, bowel regimen
*Action*: stimulates peristalsis leads to fluid accumulation in the colon
*Nursing Considerations*:
-may lead to hypokalemia
- may cause abdominal pain and cramps
- use caution with milk
- assess for abdominal distention and bowel function
- instruct patient to drink 1500-2000 mL/day during therapy
- monitor fluid and electrolyte levels
- instruct patient to take as ordered
Bismuth Subsalicylate (Kaopectate, Pepto-Bismol) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: antidiarrheal,
antiulcer
*Indication*: diarrhea, heartburn, indigestion, H. pylori associated ulcer
*Action*: Stimulates the absorption of fluids and electrolytes in the intestinal wall, reduction in
hypermotility of the stomach, and binds to toxins
*Nursing Considerations*:
-contraindicated in aspirin hypersensitivity
- increase risk for impaction with geriatric and pediatric patients
- monitor liver profile
- bismuth may interfere with radiologic exams
bupropion (Wellbutrin) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: Antidepressants, smoking deterrents
, *Indication*: depression, smoking cessation, treat ADHD in adults
*Action*:
*Nursing Considerations*:
- may lead to seizures, suicidal thoughts
- do not administer if patient is taking MAOI
- use caution with renal and liver impairment
- assess mental status
- instruct patient to avoid alcohol while taking bupropion
Buspirone (BuSpar) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: Antidepressants, smoking deterrents
*Indication*:management of anxiety
*Action*: relieves anxiety by binding to dopamine and serotonin receptors
*Nursing Considerations*:
- do not administer concurrently with MOAI or grapefruit juice
- may lead to dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, and weakness
- patient may experience chest pain, palpitations, tachycardia
- instruct patient to take as directed
- instruct patient to avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants
Butorphanol (Stadol) - CORRECT ANSWERS-*class*: Opioid Analgesic
*Indication*: moderate to severe pain, labor pain, sedation
*Action*: alters perception and response to pain by biding to opiate receptors in CNS
*Nursing Considerations*:
-use caution with concurrent use of MAOIs
- may cause confusion, hallucinations, sedation
- monitor for CNS depression
- assess blood pressure pulse and respirations during administration
- administer slowly through IV line
