NSD 225 EXAM 2 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS
\Q\.What is the scientific method based on? - ANSWERS✔-Observations, determining relevance,
logical thinking, and reasoning based on evidence. More evidence → better nutrition decisions.
\Q\.Why is the scientific method beneficial for nutrition? - ANSWERS✔-It helps separate
credible information from misinformation, ensures conclusions are based on repeatable
evidence, and avoids biased assumptions.
\Q\.Who is a credible person to receive nutrition advice from? - ANSWERS✔-Registered
Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs), healthcare professionals trained in nutrition, and nutrition
scientists with advanced degrees (MS or PhD).
\Q\.What sources should you be cautious of? - ANSWERS✔-Websites ending in .com,
influencers without credentials, anecdotal claims, and sources selling products.
\Q\.What are advantages of animal studies? - ANSWERS✔-Controlled environment, quicker
results, provides early insight into biological mechanisms.
\Q\.What are disadvantages of animal studies? - ANSWERS✔-Human bodies differ from animals,
findings may not translate directly to humans, ethical concerns.
\Q\.What do test tube (in vitro) studies show? - ANSWERS✔-Biological mechanisms in isolated
cells — not whole-body effects.
,\Q\.What do animal (in vivo) studies show? - ANSWERS✔-Effects in living organisms, showing
more realistic physiological responses.
\Q\.What do human observational studies show? - ANSWERS✔-Associations (correlations)
between lifestyle factors and health — not cause/effect.
\Q\.What do human intervention studies show? - ANSWERS✔-Cause and effect because
variables are controlled and manipulated by researchers.
\Q\.What is a health claim? - ANSWERS✔-A statement linking a nutrient/food to reduced risk of
disease.
\Q\.What should you watch out for with health claims? - ANSWERS✔-Whether they are
authorized (FDA-approved) or qualified (less evidence, not FDA-reviewed).
\Q\.TERM: Scientific Method - ANSWERS✔-A structured approach using observation, evidence,
and reasoning to form conclusions.
\Q\.TERM: In vitro - ANSWERS✔-DEF: Research done in test tubes or petri dishes outside a living
organism.
\Q\.TERM: In vivo - ANSWERS✔-DEF: Studies performed in living organisms.
\Q\.TERM: Observational Study - ANSWERS✔-DEF: Research that observes relationships without
manipulating variables.
, \Q\.TERM: Intervention/Clinical Trial - ANSWERS✔-DEF: Research where scientists actively
change a variable to determine causal effects.
\Q\.Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN) - ANSWERS✔-Licensed nutrition expert with a
master's degree and national exam certification.
\Q\.Credible Nutrition Website - ANSWERS✔-Sites ending in .gov, .edu, or .org providing
evidence-based content.
\Q\.Authorized Health Claim - ANSWERS✔-FDA-approved claim backed by strong scientific
evidence.
\Q\.Qualified Health Claim - ANSWERS✔-Claim supported by limited evidence and not
evaluated by the FDA.
\Q\.What is the difference between subcutaneous and visceral fat? - ANSWERS✔-Subcutaneous
fat: Stored under the skin; less harmful.
Visceral fat: Stored around organs; increases disease risk (heart disease, diabetes, hypertension)
\Q\.What health issues are associated with visceral fat? - ANSWERS✔-Insulin resistance,
inflammation, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver, type 2 diabetes.
\Q\.What does "apple-shape obesity" mean? - ANSWERS✔-Carrying more fat in the abdomen
(visceral fat). Higher disease risk.
\Q\.What does "pear-shape obesity" mean? - ANSWERS✔-Fat stored in hips/thighs
(subcutaneous). Lower health risk.
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS
\Q\.What is the scientific method based on? - ANSWERS✔-Observations, determining relevance,
logical thinking, and reasoning based on evidence. More evidence → better nutrition decisions.
\Q\.Why is the scientific method beneficial for nutrition? - ANSWERS✔-It helps separate
credible information from misinformation, ensures conclusions are based on repeatable
evidence, and avoids biased assumptions.
\Q\.Who is a credible person to receive nutrition advice from? - ANSWERS✔-Registered
Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs), healthcare professionals trained in nutrition, and nutrition
scientists with advanced degrees (MS or PhD).
\Q\.What sources should you be cautious of? - ANSWERS✔-Websites ending in .com,
influencers without credentials, anecdotal claims, and sources selling products.
\Q\.What are advantages of animal studies? - ANSWERS✔-Controlled environment, quicker
results, provides early insight into biological mechanisms.
\Q\.What are disadvantages of animal studies? - ANSWERS✔-Human bodies differ from animals,
findings may not translate directly to humans, ethical concerns.
\Q\.What do test tube (in vitro) studies show? - ANSWERS✔-Biological mechanisms in isolated
cells — not whole-body effects.
,\Q\.What do animal (in vivo) studies show? - ANSWERS✔-Effects in living organisms, showing
more realistic physiological responses.
\Q\.What do human observational studies show? - ANSWERS✔-Associations (correlations)
between lifestyle factors and health — not cause/effect.
\Q\.What do human intervention studies show? - ANSWERS✔-Cause and effect because
variables are controlled and manipulated by researchers.
\Q\.What is a health claim? - ANSWERS✔-A statement linking a nutrient/food to reduced risk of
disease.
\Q\.What should you watch out for with health claims? - ANSWERS✔-Whether they are
authorized (FDA-approved) or qualified (less evidence, not FDA-reviewed).
\Q\.TERM: Scientific Method - ANSWERS✔-A structured approach using observation, evidence,
and reasoning to form conclusions.
\Q\.TERM: In vitro - ANSWERS✔-DEF: Research done in test tubes or petri dishes outside a living
organism.
\Q\.TERM: In vivo - ANSWERS✔-DEF: Studies performed in living organisms.
\Q\.TERM: Observational Study - ANSWERS✔-DEF: Research that observes relationships without
manipulating variables.
, \Q\.TERM: Intervention/Clinical Trial - ANSWERS✔-DEF: Research where scientists actively
change a variable to determine causal effects.
\Q\.Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN) - ANSWERS✔-Licensed nutrition expert with a
master's degree and national exam certification.
\Q\.Credible Nutrition Website - ANSWERS✔-Sites ending in .gov, .edu, or .org providing
evidence-based content.
\Q\.Authorized Health Claim - ANSWERS✔-FDA-approved claim backed by strong scientific
evidence.
\Q\.Qualified Health Claim - ANSWERS✔-Claim supported by limited evidence and not
evaluated by the FDA.
\Q\.What is the difference between subcutaneous and visceral fat? - ANSWERS✔-Subcutaneous
fat: Stored under the skin; less harmful.
Visceral fat: Stored around organs; increases disease risk (heart disease, diabetes, hypertension)
\Q\.What health issues are associated with visceral fat? - ANSWERS✔-Insulin resistance,
inflammation, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver, type 2 diabetes.
\Q\.What does "apple-shape obesity" mean? - ANSWERS✔-Carrying more fat in the abdomen
(visceral fat). Higher disease risk.
\Q\.What does "pear-shape obesity" mean? - ANSWERS✔-Fat stored in hips/thighs
(subcutaneous). Lower health risk.
