NWCA National Exam - Study Guide
Answered Questions (Latest 2026)
Combining Term - definition - Correct Answers ✅a root
word plus a combining vowel; often describes a body part
Medical Terminology - Combining Term (Meaning/Organ) -
Correct Answers ✅Study common root words (Table 1-1),
common prefixes (Table 1-2), suffixes meaning "pertaining to
(Table 1-3) and common suffixes (Table 1-4)
Order of Digestive System - Correct Answers ✅1. Mouth
(lips, tongue, hard and soft palate, salivary glands and teeth)
2. Pharynx
3. Esophagus
4. Stomach
5. Small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum)
6. Large intestine (cecum, colon - ascending, transvers and
descending)
7. Rectum
8. Anus
Monogastric Stomach - Correct Answers ✅cardia, body,
pylorus
Ruminant Stomach - Correct Answers ✅rumen, reticulum,
omasum, abomasum
,NWCA National Exam - Study Guide
Answered Questions (Latest 2026)
Nonruminant Stomach - Correct Answers ✅same as
monogastric, but with large, long cecum between small and
large intestines
Avian Digestive System differences - Correct Answers ✅-no
teeth but beak
-esophagus to crop
-stomach: proventriculus and gizzard
-cloaca or vent (end/rectum)
Organ Order for Urine Excretion - Correct Answers ✅1.
Kidneys (cortex, medulla, renal pelvis) - glomerulus
2. Ureters
3. Bladder
4. Urethra (os penis for males)
Exocrine Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅release
substances via ducts to the surface of organ or skin
Endocrine Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅secrete
hormones directly into the bloodstream
Salivary Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅mandibular,
sublingual, zygomatic, parotid - produce saliva containing
enzymes (amylase)
, NWCA National Exam - Study Guide
Answered Questions (Latest 2026)
Sebaceous Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅secrete
sebum to lubricate skin/hair, provide waterproofing and
antimicrobial protection
Sweat Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅regulate body
temperature and assist in excreting waste products (eccrine
and apocrine - body odor)
Parathyroid Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅regulate
calcium and phosphate levels in blood via parathyroid
hormone (PTH)
Adrenal Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅secrete
hormones (cortisol - stress, aldosterone - salt/water balance,
and adrenaline/noradrenaline - fight-or-flight response)
Sex Glands - Function (Seminal Vesicles) - Correct Answers
✅Male - produce fluid rich in fructose (nourishes sperm and
motility)
Sex Glands - Function (Ejaculatory Duct) - Correct Answers
✅transports semen during ejaculation
Answered Questions (Latest 2026)
Combining Term - definition - Correct Answers ✅a root
word plus a combining vowel; often describes a body part
Medical Terminology - Combining Term (Meaning/Organ) -
Correct Answers ✅Study common root words (Table 1-1),
common prefixes (Table 1-2), suffixes meaning "pertaining to
(Table 1-3) and common suffixes (Table 1-4)
Order of Digestive System - Correct Answers ✅1. Mouth
(lips, tongue, hard and soft palate, salivary glands and teeth)
2. Pharynx
3. Esophagus
4. Stomach
5. Small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum)
6. Large intestine (cecum, colon - ascending, transvers and
descending)
7. Rectum
8. Anus
Monogastric Stomach - Correct Answers ✅cardia, body,
pylorus
Ruminant Stomach - Correct Answers ✅rumen, reticulum,
omasum, abomasum
,NWCA National Exam - Study Guide
Answered Questions (Latest 2026)
Nonruminant Stomach - Correct Answers ✅same as
monogastric, but with large, long cecum between small and
large intestines
Avian Digestive System differences - Correct Answers ✅-no
teeth but beak
-esophagus to crop
-stomach: proventriculus and gizzard
-cloaca or vent (end/rectum)
Organ Order for Urine Excretion - Correct Answers ✅1.
Kidneys (cortex, medulla, renal pelvis) - glomerulus
2. Ureters
3. Bladder
4. Urethra (os penis for males)
Exocrine Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅release
substances via ducts to the surface of organ or skin
Endocrine Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅secrete
hormones directly into the bloodstream
Salivary Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅mandibular,
sublingual, zygomatic, parotid - produce saliva containing
enzymes (amylase)
, NWCA National Exam - Study Guide
Answered Questions (Latest 2026)
Sebaceous Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅secrete
sebum to lubricate skin/hair, provide waterproofing and
antimicrobial protection
Sweat Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅regulate body
temperature and assist in excreting waste products (eccrine
and apocrine - body odor)
Parathyroid Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅regulate
calcium and phosphate levels in blood via parathyroid
hormone (PTH)
Adrenal Glands - Function - Correct Answers ✅secrete
hormones (cortisol - stress, aldosterone - salt/water balance,
and adrenaline/noradrenaline - fight-or-flight response)
Sex Glands - Function (Seminal Vesicles) - Correct Answers
✅Male - produce fluid rich in fructose (nourishes sperm and
motility)
Sex Glands - Function (Ejaculatory Duct) - Correct Answers
✅transports semen during ejaculation
