, Instructor.Resource.
Stohr,.Corrections:.From.Research,.to.Policy,.to.Practice,.1st.Edition
SAGE.Publishing.2018
Chapter.1:.The.Philosophical.and.Ideological.Underpinnings.of.Corrections.Test.B
ank
Multiple.Choice
1. Corrections.serves.which.of.the.following.functions.for.accused.and.convicted.indi
viduals?
A. Management
B. Punishment
C. Supervision
D. Treatment
E. All.of.these.
Ans:.E
Learning.Objective:.1-
1:.Describe.the.function.of.corrections.and.its.philosophical.underpinnings.
Cognitive.Domain:.Application
Answer.Location:.Introduction:.What.Is.Corrections?.Difficul
ty.Level:.Medium
2. According.to.Durkheim,.rituals.of.punishment.function.to. .
A. reaffirm.the.justness.of.social.norms
B. reduce.solidarity
C. inhibit.the.formation.of.close.social.bonds
D. undermine.social.norms.
Ans:.A
Learning.Objective:.1-
1:.Describe.the.function.of.corrections.and.its.philosophical.underpinnings.
Cognitive.Domain:.Comprehension
Answer.Location:.The.Function.of.Punishment.Di
fficulty.Level:.Medium
3. The.earliest.known.written.code.of.punishment.was:
A. British.Common.Law
B. Early.Roman.Code
C. The.Civil.Code
D. The.Code.of.Ur-
Nammu.Ans:.D
Learning.Objective:.1-
1:.Describe.the.function.of.corrections.and.its.philosophical.underpinnings.
Cognitive.Domain:.Knowledge
Answer.Location:.The.Foundation.of.Correctional.Punishment.Difficulty.L
evel:.Medium
1
, Instructor.Resource.
Stohr,.Corrections:.From.Research,.to.Policy,.to.Practice,.1st.Edition
SAGE.Publishing.2018
4. Beccaria.advocates.that.a.system.of.punishment.should.include.which.of.the.follo
wing.elements?
A. Certainty
B. Swiftness
C. Severity
D. All.of.these.
Ans:.D
Learning.Objective:.1-
2:.Differentiate.between.the.classical.and.positivist.schools.in.terms.of.their.respective.stanc
es.on.punishment.
Cognitive.Domain:.Application
Answer.Location:.The.Emergence.of.the.Classical.School.Difficult
y.Level:.Medium
5. believed.that.human.action.was.often.evoked.by.circumstances.beyond.their.con
trol.
A. Garofalo
B. Bentham
C. Beccaria
D. Hammurabi
.Ans:.A
Learning.Objective:.1-
2:.Differentiate.between.the.classical.and.positivist.schools.in.terms.of.their.respective.stanc
es.on.punishment.
Cognitive.Domain:.Comprehension
Answer.Location:.The.Emergence.of.Positivism:.Should.Punishment.Fit.the.Offender.or.the.O
ffense?
Difficulty.Level:.Medium
6. Bentham’s.philosophy.of.social.control.rests.on.the.principle.of. .
A. Retribution
B. Restitution
C. Utility
D. Torture
.Ans:.C
Learning.Objective:.1-
2:.Differentiate.between.the.classical.and.positivist.schools.in.terms.of.their.respective.stanc
es.on.punishment.
Cognitive.Domain:.Comprehension
Answer.Location:.The.Emergence.of.the.Classical.School.Difficult
y.Level:.Medium
7. The.Enlightenment.concept.of.human.nature.sees.individuals.as.all.of.the.following.exc
ept:
2
, Instructor.Resource.
Stohr,.Corrections:.From.Research,.to.Policy,.to.Practice,.1st.Edition
SAGE.Publishing.2018
A. Endowed.with.free.will
B. Constrained.in.their.choices
C. Hedonistic
3
Stohr,.Corrections:.From.Research,.to.Policy,.to.Practice,.1st.Edition
SAGE.Publishing.2018
Chapter.1:.The.Philosophical.and.Ideological.Underpinnings.of.Corrections.Test.B
ank
Multiple.Choice
1. Corrections.serves.which.of.the.following.functions.for.accused.and.convicted.indi
viduals?
A. Management
B. Punishment
C. Supervision
D. Treatment
E. All.of.these.
Ans:.E
Learning.Objective:.1-
1:.Describe.the.function.of.corrections.and.its.philosophical.underpinnings.
Cognitive.Domain:.Application
Answer.Location:.Introduction:.What.Is.Corrections?.Difficul
ty.Level:.Medium
2. According.to.Durkheim,.rituals.of.punishment.function.to. .
A. reaffirm.the.justness.of.social.norms
B. reduce.solidarity
C. inhibit.the.formation.of.close.social.bonds
D. undermine.social.norms.
Ans:.A
Learning.Objective:.1-
1:.Describe.the.function.of.corrections.and.its.philosophical.underpinnings.
Cognitive.Domain:.Comprehension
Answer.Location:.The.Function.of.Punishment.Di
fficulty.Level:.Medium
3. The.earliest.known.written.code.of.punishment.was:
A. British.Common.Law
B. Early.Roman.Code
C. The.Civil.Code
D. The.Code.of.Ur-
Nammu.Ans:.D
Learning.Objective:.1-
1:.Describe.the.function.of.corrections.and.its.philosophical.underpinnings.
Cognitive.Domain:.Knowledge
Answer.Location:.The.Foundation.of.Correctional.Punishment.Difficulty.L
evel:.Medium
1
, Instructor.Resource.
Stohr,.Corrections:.From.Research,.to.Policy,.to.Practice,.1st.Edition
SAGE.Publishing.2018
4. Beccaria.advocates.that.a.system.of.punishment.should.include.which.of.the.follo
wing.elements?
A. Certainty
B. Swiftness
C. Severity
D. All.of.these.
Ans:.D
Learning.Objective:.1-
2:.Differentiate.between.the.classical.and.positivist.schools.in.terms.of.their.respective.stanc
es.on.punishment.
Cognitive.Domain:.Application
Answer.Location:.The.Emergence.of.the.Classical.School.Difficult
y.Level:.Medium
5. believed.that.human.action.was.often.evoked.by.circumstances.beyond.their.con
trol.
A. Garofalo
B. Bentham
C. Beccaria
D. Hammurabi
.Ans:.A
Learning.Objective:.1-
2:.Differentiate.between.the.classical.and.positivist.schools.in.terms.of.their.respective.stanc
es.on.punishment.
Cognitive.Domain:.Comprehension
Answer.Location:.The.Emergence.of.Positivism:.Should.Punishment.Fit.the.Offender.or.the.O
ffense?
Difficulty.Level:.Medium
6. Bentham’s.philosophy.of.social.control.rests.on.the.principle.of. .
A. Retribution
B. Restitution
C. Utility
D. Torture
.Ans:.C
Learning.Objective:.1-
2:.Differentiate.between.the.classical.and.positivist.schools.in.terms.of.their.respective.stanc
es.on.punishment.
Cognitive.Domain:.Comprehension
Answer.Location:.The.Emergence.of.the.Classical.School.Difficult
y.Level:.Medium
7. The.Enlightenment.concept.of.human.nature.sees.individuals.as.all.of.the.following.exc
ept:
2
, Instructor.Resource.
Stohr,.Corrections:.From.Research,.to.Policy,.to.Practice,.1st.Edition
SAGE.Publishing.2018
A. Endowed.with.free.will
B. Constrained.in.their.choices
C. Hedonistic
3
