TAMU BIOL 320 EXAM 2 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
2026-27!!
venous system - (ANSWER)large veins (capacitance vessels)
small veins (capacitance vessels)
postcapillary venule
arterial system - (ANSWER)elastic arteries, muscular arteries, arterioles, capillaries
In which specific structure is blood pressure highest? - (ANSWER)The aorta
Blood ____________ (leaving/entering) the heart is at its highest pressure. - (ANSWER)Leaving
What are the three layers of a blood vessel from most deep to most superficial? - (ANSWER)- Tunica
intima
- Tunica media
- Tunica externa
What type of tissue is tunica intima comprised of? - (ANSWER)Endothelial tissue
subendothelial layer
What type of cells is tunica media comprised of? - (ANSWER)Smooth muscle and elastic fibers
What type of cells is tunica externa comprised of? - (ANSWER)Collagen fibers
Which tunic is significantly smaller in a vein when compared to an artery? - (ANSWER)Tunica media
What are the two layers of a capillary? - (ANSWER)Basement membrane and endothelial cells
What are the three types of arteries? - (ANSWER)- Elastic
,TAMU BIOL 320 EXAM 2 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
2026-27!!
- Muscular
- Arteriole
What are the two types of veins? - (ANSWER)Venule and veins
What are the functions of tunica externa? - (ANSWER)- Anchoring
- Protection
- House vaso vasorum
Define: Vaso vasorum - (ANSWER)Network of blood vessels that feed the blood vessels of the body;
micro circulatory system
What structure about veins prevents backflow? - (ANSWER)Valves
What are the major functions of elastic arteries? - (ANSWER)- Reduce shock
- EVEN OUT FLOW -does not vasoconsrict
T/F: Elastic and muscular arteries vasoconstrict while arterioles cannot vasoconstrict. - (ANSWER)False:
Muscular arteries and arterioles CAN vasoconstrict while elastic arteries CANNOT vasoconstrict
What is the major function of muscular arteries? - (ANSWER)supply to organs
do vasoconstrict
limit blood supply to tissues that aren't in need
What is the function of arterioles? - (ANSWER)To connect muscular arteries to capillaries
-vasoconstrict to further limit flow
-usually short
,TAMU BIOL 320 EXAM 2 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
2026-27!!
How thick are capillary walls? - (ANSWER)1 cell thick
Define: Thoroughfare channels - (ANSWER)Structures that allow blood to pass through closed capillary
beds unhindered
What are the functions of pericytes? - (ANSWER)smooth muscle-like cells that stabilize the walls of
capillaries
What are the functions of precapillary sphincters? - (ANSWER)To constrict and dilate to open and close
capillary beds as needed
tissues without capillary beds - (ANSWER)tendons, ligaments, cartilage epithelium, cornea, lens
function of capillary beds - (ANSWER)exchange or passage of gases, nutrients, waste, hormones,
enzymes
In what tissues can you find continuous capillary walls? - (ANSWER)Skin, muscle, and brain
continuous capillary - (ANSWER)transport of solutes
junctions can be very tight
What are the two subcategories of fenestrated capillaries? - (ANSWER)With and without a diaphragm
In what tissues are fenestrated capillaries found? - (ANSWER)Intestine, kidneys, and endocrine glands
Fenestrated capillaries - (ANSWER)have little gaps; port holes; pores allow solutes to move
, TAMU BIOL 320 EXAM 2 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
2026-27!!
Define: Fenestra - (ANSWER)Gaps within capillary walls that allow for the movement of solutes and
blood cells
sinusoidal capillaries - (ANSWER)have large fenestra
really leaky
solutes, fluid, and cell transport
In what tissues are sinusoidal capillaries found - (ANSWER)Tissues that are involved with blood: Liver,
marrow, spleen
List the capillary types in order from least to most leaky (include both types of fenestrated capillaries). -
(ANSWER)- Continuous
- Fenstrated w/ diaphragm
- Fenestrated w/out diaphragm
- Sinusoidal
varicose vein - (ANSWER)blown out vein (usually in legs) where valve failed due to stress or trauma
(often athletes, pregnant women, people who work on feet a lot)
hemorrhoids - (ANSWER)varicose vein of butt
if valve blows or leaks, blood will go back and pool up which will swell vein out
vascular anastomoses - (ANSWER)merging blood vessels
if tissue damage, important organs can still get blood
in brain, heart, abdominal organs, joints
where is majority of blood in body found? - (ANSWER)vein
because is moving slowly
2026-27!!
venous system - (ANSWER)large veins (capacitance vessels)
small veins (capacitance vessels)
postcapillary venule
arterial system - (ANSWER)elastic arteries, muscular arteries, arterioles, capillaries
In which specific structure is blood pressure highest? - (ANSWER)The aorta
Blood ____________ (leaving/entering) the heart is at its highest pressure. - (ANSWER)Leaving
What are the three layers of a blood vessel from most deep to most superficial? - (ANSWER)- Tunica
intima
- Tunica media
- Tunica externa
What type of tissue is tunica intima comprised of? - (ANSWER)Endothelial tissue
subendothelial layer
What type of cells is tunica media comprised of? - (ANSWER)Smooth muscle and elastic fibers
What type of cells is tunica externa comprised of? - (ANSWER)Collagen fibers
Which tunic is significantly smaller in a vein when compared to an artery? - (ANSWER)Tunica media
What are the two layers of a capillary? - (ANSWER)Basement membrane and endothelial cells
What are the three types of arteries? - (ANSWER)- Elastic
,TAMU BIOL 320 EXAM 2 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
2026-27!!
- Muscular
- Arteriole
What are the two types of veins? - (ANSWER)Venule and veins
What are the functions of tunica externa? - (ANSWER)- Anchoring
- Protection
- House vaso vasorum
Define: Vaso vasorum - (ANSWER)Network of blood vessels that feed the blood vessels of the body;
micro circulatory system
What structure about veins prevents backflow? - (ANSWER)Valves
What are the major functions of elastic arteries? - (ANSWER)- Reduce shock
- EVEN OUT FLOW -does not vasoconsrict
T/F: Elastic and muscular arteries vasoconstrict while arterioles cannot vasoconstrict. - (ANSWER)False:
Muscular arteries and arterioles CAN vasoconstrict while elastic arteries CANNOT vasoconstrict
What is the major function of muscular arteries? - (ANSWER)supply to organs
do vasoconstrict
limit blood supply to tissues that aren't in need
What is the function of arterioles? - (ANSWER)To connect muscular arteries to capillaries
-vasoconstrict to further limit flow
-usually short
,TAMU BIOL 320 EXAM 2 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
2026-27!!
How thick are capillary walls? - (ANSWER)1 cell thick
Define: Thoroughfare channels - (ANSWER)Structures that allow blood to pass through closed capillary
beds unhindered
What are the functions of pericytes? - (ANSWER)smooth muscle-like cells that stabilize the walls of
capillaries
What are the functions of precapillary sphincters? - (ANSWER)To constrict and dilate to open and close
capillary beds as needed
tissues without capillary beds - (ANSWER)tendons, ligaments, cartilage epithelium, cornea, lens
function of capillary beds - (ANSWER)exchange or passage of gases, nutrients, waste, hormones,
enzymes
In what tissues can you find continuous capillary walls? - (ANSWER)Skin, muscle, and brain
continuous capillary - (ANSWER)transport of solutes
junctions can be very tight
What are the two subcategories of fenestrated capillaries? - (ANSWER)With and without a diaphragm
In what tissues are fenestrated capillaries found? - (ANSWER)Intestine, kidneys, and endocrine glands
Fenestrated capillaries - (ANSWER)have little gaps; port holes; pores allow solutes to move
, TAMU BIOL 320 EXAM 2 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
2026-27!!
Define: Fenestra - (ANSWER)Gaps within capillary walls that allow for the movement of solutes and
blood cells
sinusoidal capillaries - (ANSWER)have large fenestra
really leaky
solutes, fluid, and cell transport
In what tissues are sinusoidal capillaries found - (ANSWER)Tissues that are involved with blood: Liver,
marrow, spleen
List the capillary types in order from least to most leaky (include both types of fenestrated capillaries). -
(ANSWER)- Continuous
- Fenstrated w/ diaphragm
- Fenestrated w/out diaphragm
- Sinusoidal
varicose vein - (ANSWER)blown out vein (usually in legs) where valve failed due to stress or trauma
(often athletes, pregnant women, people who work on feet a lot)
hemorrhoids - (ANSWER)varicose vein of butt
if valve blows or leaks, blood will go back and pool up which will swell vein out
vascular anastomoses - (ANSWER)merging blood vessels
if tissue damage, important organs can still get blood
in brain, heart, abdominal organs, joints
where is majority of blood in body found? - (ANSWER)vein
because is moving slowly
