NSD 225 SYRACUSE EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
/. Essential Nutrients - Answer-✅nutrients necessary for normal body functioning that
must be obtained from food.
/.energy density - Answer-✅a measure of the energy a food provides relative to the
weight of the food.
/.mucus - Answer-✅lubricates passage of food, makes swallowing easier.
/.Chyme - Answer-✅mixture of stomach fluids and food produced in the stomach.
/.refined grains - Answer-✅milling removes bran and germ.
/.hunger - Answer-✅the natural physical drive to eat, prompted by the body's need for
food.
/.Calorie - Answer-✅Amount of energy needed to raise temperature 1 gram of water 1
degree C
/.kcal - Answer-✅1000 calories
/.empty calories - Answer-✅Food or drinks with calories and no nutrients solid fats,
added sugars.
/.Enzymes - Answer-✅create chemical reactions in the body, speed up the rate of a
chemical reaction to help support life.
/.Probiotics - Answer-✅live microbes applied to or ingested into the body, intended to
exert a beneficial effect.
/.added sugars - Answer-✅sugars added to foods during processing or preparation.
/.appetite - Answer-✅the psychological desire for food
/.nutrient density - Answer-✅Comparison of vitamin and mineral content with the
number of kcals.
/.Daily Value (DV) - Answer-✅recommended daily amount of a nutrient; used on food
labels to help people see how a food fits into their diet
, /.Bolus - Answer-✅A term used to describe food after it has been chewed and mixed
with saliva
/.Prebiotics - Answer-✅nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes in the
intestine
/.enrichment - Answer-✅adding nutrients back to foods that have lost nutrients due to
processing.
/.Nutrigenetics - Answer-✅Study of the effects of genes on nutritional health, such as
variations in nutrient requirements and responsiveness to dietary modifications.
/.sphnicter - Answer-✅Muscles that open and close tubes in the body.
/.Digestion - Answer-✅Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be
absorbed and used.
/.Peristalsis - Answer-✅Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving
along in one direction through the GI tract.
/.Insulin - Answer-✅A protein hormone synthesized in the pancreas that regulates blood
sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into tissues.
/.Glucagon - Answer-✅a hormone formed in the pancreas that promotes the breakdown
of glycogen to glucose in the liver.
/.Nutrigenomics - Answer-✅The study of how nutrition interacts with specific genes to
influence a person's health
/.6 classes of nutrients - Answer-✅1. Carbs (gives energy)
2. Lipids (gives energy)
3. Proteins (gives energy)
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
6. Water
*All essential; get through food.
/.carbs cal/g - Answer-✅4 cal/g
/.proteins cal/g - Answer-✅4 cal/g
/.fat cal/g - Answer-✅9 cal/g
ANSWERS
/. Essential Nutrients - Answer-✅nutrients necessary for normal body functioning that
must be obtained from food.
/.energy density - Answer-✅a measure of the energy a food provides relative to the
weight of the food.
/.mucus - Answer-✅lubricates passage of food, makes swallowing easier.
/.Chyme - Answer-✅mixture of stomach fluids and food produced in the stomach.
/.refined grains - Answer-✅milling removes bran and germ.
/.hunger - Answer-✅the natural physical drive to eat, prompted by the body's need for
food.
/.Calorie - Answer-✅Amount of energy needed to raise temperature 1 gram of water 1
degree C
/.kcal - Answer-✅1000 calories
/.empty calories - Answer-✅Food or drinks with calories and no nutrients solid fats,
added sugars.
/.Enzymes - Answer-✅create chemical reactions in the body, speed up the rate of a
chemical reaction to help support life.
/.Probiotics - Answer-✅live microbes applied to or ingested into the body, intended to
exert a beneficial effect.
/.added sugars - Answer-✅sugars added to foods during processing or preparation.
/.appetite - Answer-✅the psychological desire for food
/.nutrient density - Answer-✅Comparison of vitamin and mineral content with the
number of kcals.
/.Daily Value (DV) - Answer-✅recommended daily amount of a nutrient; used on food
labels to help people see how a food fits into their diet
, /.Bolus - Answer-✅A term used to describe food after it has been chewed and mixed
with saliva
/.Prebiotics - Answer-✅nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes in the
intestine
/.enrichment - Answer-✅adding nutrients back to foods that have lost nutrients due to
processing.
/.Nutrigenetics - Answer-✅Study of the effects of genes on nutritional health, such as
variations in nutrient requirements and responsiveness to dietary modifications.
/.sphnicter - Answer-✅Muscles that open and close tubes in the body.
/.Digestion - Answer-✅Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be
absorbed and used.
/.Peristalsis - Answer-✅Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving
along in one direction through the GI tract.
/.Insulin - Answer-✅A protein hormone synthesized in the pancreas that regulates blood
sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into tissues.
/.Glucagon - Answer-✅a hormone formed in the pancreas that promotes the breakdown
of glycogen to glucose in the liver.
/.Nutrigenomics - Answer-✅The study of how nutrition interacts with specific genes to
influence a person's health
/.6 classes of nutrients - Answer-✅1. Carbs (gives energy)
2. Lipids (gives energy)
3. Proteins (gives energy)
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
6. Water
*All essential; get through food.
/.carbs cal/g - Answer-✅4 cal/g
/.proteins cal/g - Answer-✅4 cal/g
/.fat cal/g - Answer-✅9 cal/g
