AP World History Modern: Unit 3 (1450-1750) Exam
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Ottoman Empire - ANSWER Historically refers to as the Turkish Empire founded under
Osman Bey in northwestern Anatolia in 1299. Islamic Empire that utilized gunpowder
canons and expanded to the west.
Osman Bey - ANSWER Founder of the Ottoman Empire. Believed in strong ghazi warriors
that will expand the empire; instated the system of devshireme and is remembered for
capturing the city of Bursa.
Mehmed II (Mehmed the Conquerer) - ANSWER Under his rule, Turks conquer
Constantinople in 1453 with cannons and gunpowder. Transforms the Hagia Sophia into
a mosque. Dreams of conquering Rome.
Suleyman - ANSWER Known as "The Magnificent"; Extends the Ottoman Empire to the
largest extent; conquers areas of Hungary, Baghdad and the Island of Rhodes; Made
Ottomans into a naval power; Married to Roxelana - a woman from the harem.
Devshireme - ANSWER Name for the Ottoman practice where Christian boys are taken to
be slaves, trained in Islamic ways and given administrative positions of the state or work
as janissaries.
Janissaries - ANSWER Infantry, originally of slave origin, armed with firearms and
, constituting the elite of the Ottoman army from the 15th-19th century.
Tax farming - ANSWER A government's use of private collectors to collect taxes in the
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire - ANSWER (1501-1736) Iranian kingdom, part of the Shiite sect,
established Persia as an economic stronghold between east and west and spread Shiite
Islam
Ghulam - ANSWER The soldiers in the Safavid Empire who were taken and forcibly
conscripted - similiar to the janassaries in the Ottoman Empire
Istanbul - ANSWER New name for Constantinople - conquered in 1453 by the Ottomans
Dome of the Rock - ANSWER Jerusalem, Islamic, 600-1600 CE / Marks the spot where
Muhammad would make Ascension to heaven, then return to Mecca
Twelver Shiism - ANSWER Held that there had been 12 infallible imams (religious
leaders) after Muhammad, beginning with the prophet's cousin and son-in-law Ali.;
believed that the 12th hidden imam had gone hiding and was still alive and will one day
return to take power and spread religion.
Shah Ismail - ANSWER Founder of the Safavid Empire; Shiite, blending beliefs with
Turkish militarism
Latest Update
Ottoman Empire - ANSWER Historically refers to as the Turkish Empire founded under
Osman Bey in northwestern Anatolia in 1299. Islamic Empire that utilized gunpowder
canons and expanded to the west.
Osman Bey - ANSWER Founder of the Ottoman Empire. Believed in strong ghazi warriors
that will expand the empire; instated the system of devshireme and is remembered for
capturing the city of Bursa.
Mehmed II (Mehmed the Conquerer) - ANSWER Under his rule, Turks conquer
Constantinople in 1453 with cannons and gunpowder. Transforms the Hagia Sophia into
a mosque. Dreams of conquering Rome.
Suleyman - ANSWER Known as "The Magnificent"; Extends the Ottoman Empire to the
largest extent; conquers areas of Hungary, Baghdad and the Island of Rhodes; Made
Ottomans into a naval power; Married to Roxelana - a woman from the harem.
Devshireme - ANSWER Name for the Ottoman practice where Christian boys are taken to
be slaves, trained in Islamic ways and given administrative positions of the state or work
as janissaries.
Janissaries - ANSWER Infantry, originally of slave origin, armed with firearms and
, constituting the elite of the Ottoman army from the 15th-19th century.
Tax farming - ANSWER A government's use of private collectors to collect taxes in the
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire - ANSWER (1501-1736) Iranian kingdom, part of the Shiite sect,
established Persia as an economic stronghold between east and west and spread Shiite
Islam
Ghulam - ANSWER The soldiers in the Safavid Empire who were taken and forcibly
conscripted - similiar to the janassaries in the Ottoman Empire
Istanbul - ANSWER New name for Constantinople - conquered in 1453 by the Ottomans
Dome of the Rock - ANSWER Jerusalem, Islamic, 600-1600 CE / Marks the spot where
Muhammad would make Ascension to heaven, then return to Mecca
Twelver Shiism - ANSWER Held that there had been 12 infallible imams (religious
leaders) after Muhammad, beginning with the prophet's cousin and son-in-law Ali.;
believed that the 12th hidden imam had gone hiding and was still alive and will one day
return to take power and spread religion.
Shah Ismail - ANSWER Founder of the Safavid Empire; Shiite, blending beliefs with
Turkish militarism
