Arterial pressure - Driving force for blood circulation
Mean arterial pressure - Diastolic BP + 1/3PP
Factors affecting blood pressure:
Anything that changes CO (systolic), TPR (diastolic)
Age, gravity, gender, circadian rhythm
Short-term regulation:
Neural: Baroreceptor stretch reflex
Higher center: TP; HT; CE
Thalamus Hypothalamus Cerebral cortex
Simulus Pain Temperature Emotion
Effect Visceral - depressor Cold - vasoconstrict Depressor → Blushing,
Cutaneous - pressor Hot - vasodilate vasovagal syncope (sudden
drop in BP → Drop in
cerebral blood flow)
Hormonal:
Release of epinephrine, ADH, thyroid hormone, cortisol
Long-term regulation: Renal