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GRADED||UPDATED 2025/2026
SYLLABUS||<<NEWEST VERSION>>
Kubler Ross Stages of Grief - ANSWER ✓ Denial, Anger, Bargaining,
Depression, Acceptance
Postmortem care - ANSWER ✓ bereavement care begins immediately
Procedure to prounounce dealth beigns with - ANSWER ✓ identification of the
patient
if an autopsy with a postmortem pt - ANSWER ✓ any invasive tubes, lines MUST
remain in the body
Promoting health and dignity in postmortem care - ANSWER ✓ bathing and
dressing demonstrated
Aphasia - ANSWER ✓ speech or language impairments
Receptive aphasia - ANSWER ✓ Wernicke's - cannot comprehend written or
spoken language
Expressive aphasia - ANSWER ✓ broca's - Tom Brocaws is a reporter - damage
to motor speech area of the frontal lobe; patients understand language but are
unable to answer questions, name common objects, or express simple idea
Consent - ANSWER ✓ obtaining and completing it prior to a procedure or surgery
Responsibility of obtaining concent - ANSWER ✓ surgeon, MD, or DO
, RN witnessing consent means - ANSWER ✓ the nurse has watched the correct
patient signing the form, the nurse has verified the correct identity of the patient
who is signing the form, the nurse signs the form as a witness to the preceding two
events
Priority actions of the nurse post-op patients - ANSWER ✓ Report, assessment,
implementation & evaluation
Report post-op - ANSWER ✓ patient identification, type of anesthesia received,
name of procedure performed, location and number of drains and dressing,
estimated blood loss, name and amount of fluid received, any meds given during
surgery, vital signs, oxygenation saturation, urinary output/foley in etc.
Assessment post-op - ANSWER ✓ respiratory, circulatory, neurological status,
pain, blood pressure, pulse ox, cardiac monitoring
Implementation & Evaluation Post Op - ANSWER ✓ pain mgmt plan, common
post op complications
Common post op complications - ANSWER ✓ airway obstruction, hemorrhage,
shock, thrombophlebitis, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia
Routine Post-Op - ANSWER ✓ frequent vital signs, frequent physical assessment
& wound assessment, I&O, monitoring of respiratory status with use of narcotics,
DVT prevention, Pulmonary hygiene
critical thinking errors to avoid - ANSWER ✓ factors that can influence thinking
may be based on: past experience, cultural beliefs, emotions, states of mind, other
interpersonal and intrapersonal causes
bias - ANSWER ✓ inclination or tendency to favoritism
Illogical thinking - ANSWER ✓ failure to follow rational, systematic process
(hasty generalizations, assumptions that don't consider evidence)
Lack of Info - ANSWER ✓ cannot think critically without knowledge
, closed-mindedness - ANSWER ✓ intentionally overlooking alternatives suggested
by others
erroneous assumptions - ANSWER ✓ beliefs taken for granted and assumed to be
true
non-pharmacological pain interventions - ANSWER ✓ used for mild pain who do
not want to use medications: heat/cold packs, positioning, postoperative splinting,
massage, progressive relaxation, guided imagery, meditation, herbal remedies,
yoga, biofeedback, acupuncture, acupressure
heat - ANSWER ✓ causes vasodilation, improves blood flow, decreases edema,
muscle relaxation, decreases stiffness, debride wounds
heat contraindications - ANSWER ✓ bleeding, cardiovascular pathophysiology --
blood flow to organs, local abscess - rupture
cold - ANSWER ✓ vasoconstriction, reduces O2 demands, decreases pain,
swelling, blood flow, prevents edema, provides anesthesia, relieves muscle spasms
cold contraindications - ANSWER ✓ edema -- slows reabsorption of fluid,
circulatory pathophysiology, shivering -- comfort
Prevent of UTIs - ANSWER ✓ avoid wearing tight fitting clothing, drink at least 8
glasses of water a day, urinate when the urge is felt, women wipe front to back,
urinate after sex, showers preferred over baths, good peri care
Treatment of UTI - ANSWER ✓ symptoms relief in 1-2 days, treated with
antibiotics, more common in women
S/S of UTI - ANSWER ✓ burning sensation when urinating, a frequent or intense
urge to urinate, even though little comes out when you do, pain or pressure in your
back or lower abdomen, cloudy, dark, bloody, or strange-smelling urine, feeling or
shaky, fever or chills (sign of potential kidney infection)
temporary colostomies - ANSWER ✓ usually created in emergency situations,
designed to be closed at a later time