Evaporative Cooling
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as liquid evaporates, its remaining surface cools
- evaporative cooling of water helps stabilize temperatures in organisms
(sweating) and bodies of water
Properties of Water
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cohesive behavior, moderation of temperature, expansion upon freezing,
the solvent of life
,Unsaturated Fatty Acid
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one or more double bonds, liquid at room temperature, plant fats and fish
fats
Hydrophobic
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one that does not have an affinity for water (non polar)
Osmosis
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the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
- water diffuses from region of lower solute concentration to the region of
higher solute concentration
Phospholipids
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two fatty acids and a phosphate group are attached to glycerol
- two fatty acid tails are hydrophobic, phosphate group and its attachments
form a hydrophilic head
, - when added to water they self-assemble into a bilayer
- major component of all cell membranes
Compound
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substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio
- has characteristics different from those of its elements
Four Classes of Macromolecules
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carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Secondary Protein Structure
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in a coil called an alpha-helix and filed structure called beta-pleated
sheets
- coils and folds of secondary structures resulting from hydrogen bonds
between repeating constituents of the polypeptide backbone
Saturated Fatty Acids
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maximum number of hydrogen bonds possible (no double bonds), solid at
room temperature, mostly animal fats
Carbonyl group (C=O)
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may be structural isomers with different properties, as in the case for
acetone and propanol
- found in sugars giving rise to aldoses and ketoses
- aldehydes and ketones
Electron
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negatively charged particle
Cation
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positively charged ion
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as liquid evaporates, its remaining surface cools
- evaporative cooling of water helps stabilize temperatures in organisms
(sweating) and bodies of water
Properties of Water
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cohesive behavior, moderation of temperature, expansion upon freezing,
the solvent of life
,Unsaturated Fatty Acid
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one or more double bonds, liquid at room temperature, plant fats and fish
fats
Hydrophobic
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one that does not have an affinity for water (non polar)
Osmosis
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the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
- water diffuses from region of lower solute concentration to the region of
higher solute concentration
Phospholipids
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two fatty acids and a phosphate group are attached to glycerol
- two fatty acid tails are hydrophobic, phosphate group and its attachments
form a hydrophilic head
, - when added to water they self-assemble into a bilayer
- major component of all cell membranes
Compound
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substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio
- has characteristics different from those of its elements
Four Classes of Macromolecules
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carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Secondary Protein Structure
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in a coil called an alpha-helix and filed structure called beta-pleated
sheets
- coils and folds of secondary structures resulting from hydrogen bonds
between repeating constituents of the polypeptide backbone
Saturated Fatty Acids
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maximum number of hydrogen bonds possible (no double bonds), solid at
room temperature, mostly animal fats
Carbonyl group (C=O)
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may be structural isomers with different properties, as in the case for
acetone and propanol
- found in sugars giving rise to aldoses and ketoses
- aldehydes and ketones
Electron
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negatively charged particle
Cation
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positively charged ion
