Test Bank for An Introduction to Genetic
Analysis 11e Anthony Griffiths Susan Wessler
Sean Carroll John Doebley (All Chapters)
Chapter 1
The Genetics Revolution
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
Section 1.1 (The birth of genetics)
1. The early 1900s was an important period for genetics due to which of the following
major events?
A) the rediscovery of Gregor Mendel’s scientific findings
B) Watson and Crick solving the structure of DNA
C) Walter Sutton and Theodore Boveri hypothesizing that chromosomes are the
hereditary elements
D) All of the answer options are correct.
E) the rediscovery of Gregor Mendel’s scientific findings and Walter Sutton and
Theodore Boveri hypothesizing that chromosomes are the hereditary elements
Answer: E
2. A sample of normal double-stranded DNA was found to have a guanine content of
18%. What is the expected proportion of adenine?
A) 9%
B) 32%
C) 36%
D) 68%
E) 82%
Answer: B
3. In one strand of DNA the nucleotide sequence is 5'-ATGC-3'. The complementary
sequence in the other strand must be:
A) 3'-ATGC-5'.
B) 3'-TACG-5'.
C) 5'-ATCG-3'.
D) 5'-CGTA-3'.
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,E) 5'-TACG-3'.
Answer: B
4. How many different DNA molecules that are eight-nucleotide pairs long are
theoretically possible?
A) 24
B) 32
C) 64
D) 256
E) 65,536
Answer: E
5. Which of the following is/are FALSE about genes?
A) Genes are located on chromosomes.
B) Genes come in variants known as alleles.
C) Genes always encode protein products.
D) All of the answer options are correct.
E) None of the answer options are correct.
Answer: C
6. Wild cats (Felis silvestris) and common mice (Mus musculus) are diploid. In wild cats
2n = 38, while in common mice 2n = 40. Based on this information, we can conclude that
wild cat cells have:
A) less DNA than common mouse cells.
B) smaller genomes than common mouse cells.
C) fewer DNA molecules than common mouse cells.
D) fewer genes than common mouse cells.
E) fewer sets of chromosomes than common mouse cells.
Answer: C
7. Which of the following is a component of DNA?
A) alanine
B) arginine
C) cysteine
D) guanidine
E) tyrosine
Answer: D
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,8. Which of the following is/are TRUE of the DNA structure solved by Watson and
Crick?
A) It is a double-helical structure.
B) Sugar–phosphate backbone is always toward the outside of the DNA.
C) There are three hydrogen bonds between A and T and two hydrogen bonds between C
and G.
D) All of the answer options are correct.
E) It is a double-helical structure with the sugar–phosphate backbone always toward the
outside of the DNA.
Answer: E
9. Which of the following is a correct representation of the central dogma?
A) RNA → DNA → protein
B) protein → DNA → RNA
C) DNA → RNA → protein
D) DNA → protein → DNA
E) None of the answer options are correct.
Answer: C
Section 1.2 (After cracking the code)
10. A gene is transcribed into an mRNA, and this mRNA is 110 nucleotides long. Which
of the following proteins could it encode?
A) an enzyme that is 330 amino acids long
B) a ribosomal protein that is 360 amino acids long
C) a regulatory protein that is 36 amino acids long
D) a signaling protein that is 10 amino acids long
E) a structural protein that is 110 amino acids long
Answer: D
11. The nuclear genome of a mouse nerve cell is compared to that of a mouse skin cell.
What differences can we expect to see between these two cells’ nuclear genomes?
A) The two cells have almost identical genomes, but the nerve cell has more nerve-
specific genes.
B) The two cells have almost identical genomes, but the skin cell has more skin-specific
genes.
C) The two cells have different genomes: the nerve cell has nerve-specific genes but not
skin-specific genes, and the skin cell has skin-specific genes but no nerve-specific
genes.
D) The two cells have similar genomes, but the nerve cell has more nerve-specific genes
and the skin cell has more skin-specific genes.
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, E) The two cells have the same genome; there will be no differences.
Answer: E
12. You have come across a dog (named Cindy) that does not have a tail. Interestingly,
all the puppies produced by this dog don’t have a tail. If the lack of tail is caused by a
genetic mutation, where has this mutation most likely taken place?
A) in Cindy’s gametes
B) in the cells that should normally have given rise to Cindy’s tail
C) in the cells that should normally have given rise to Cindy’s and her puppies’ tails
D) in all of Cindy’s cells (including her gametes)
E) in a gamete of one of Cindy’s parents
Answer: A
13. Which of the following features make a species suitable as a model organism?
A) small organism
B) short generation time
C) small genome
D) produce large number of offspring
E) All of the answer options are correct.
Answer: E
14. Using molecular techniques, researchers have knocked out both copies of gene “G” in
a series of genetically identical mouse embryos. These mice develop normally, except for
their forelimbs, which are missing several small bones. What can be concluded from the
results of this experiment?
A) Gene “G” encodes a protein that is a crucial component of the forelimbs’ small bones
in mice.
B) Gene “G” encodes a protein that is normally only present in the forelimb cells of
developing mice.
C) Gene “G” is necessary for proper development of the forelimbs’ small bones in mice.
D) Gene “G” is normally only present in the forelimb cells of developing mice.
E) Gene “G” is normally only transcribed in the forelimb cells of developing mice.
Answer: C
MATCHING QUESTIONS
Sections 1.1 and 1.2
15. Choose the best answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a. alleles
b. de novo mutations
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Analysis 11e Anthony Griffiths Susan Wessler
Sean Carroll John Doebley (All Chapters)
Chapter 1
The Genetics Revolution
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
Section 1.1 (The birth of genetics)
1. The early 1900s was an important period for genetics due to which of the following
major events?
A) the rediscovery of Gregor Mendel’s scientific findings
B) Watson and Crick solving the structure of DNA
C) Walter Sutton and Theodore Boveri hypothesizing that chromosomes are the
hereditary elements
D) All of the answer options are correct.
E) the rediscovery of Gregor Mendel’s scientific findings and Walter Sutton and
Theodore Boveri hypothesizing that chromosomes are the hereditary elements
Answer: E
2. A sample of normal double-stranded DNA was found to have a guanine content of
18%. What is the expected proportion of adenine?
A) 9%
B) 32%
C) 36%
D) 68%
E) 82%
Answer: B
3. In one strand of DNA the nucleotide sequence is 5'-ATGC-3'. The complementary
sequence in the other strand must be:
A) 3'-ATGC-5'.
B) 3'-TACG-5'.
C) 5'-ATCG-3'.
D) 5'-CGTA-3'.
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,E) 5'-TACG-3'.
Answer: B
4. How many different DNA molecules that are eight-nucleotide pairs long are
theoretically possible?
A) 24
B) 32
C) 64
D) 256
E) 65,536
Answer: E
5. Which of the following is/are FALSE about genes?
A) Genes are located on chromosomes.
B) Genes come in variants known as alleles.
C) Genes always encode protein products.
D) All of the answer options are correct.
E) None of the answer options are correct.
Answer: C
6. Wild cats (Felis silvestris) and common mice (Mus musculus) are diploid. In wild cats
2n = 38, while in common mice 2n = 40. Based on this information, we can conclude that
wild cat cells have:
A) less DNA than common mouse cells.
B) smaller genomes than common mouse cells.
C) fewer DNA molecules than common mouse cells.
D) fewer genes than common mouse cells.
E) fewer sets of chromosomes than common mouse cells.
Answer: C
7. Which of the following is a component of DNA?
A) alanine
B) arginine
C) cysteine
D) guanidine
E) tyrosine
Answer: D
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,8. Which of the following is/are TRUE of the DNA structure solved by Watson and
Crick?
A) It is a double-helical structure.
B) Sugar–phosphate backbone is always toward the outside of the DNA.
C) There are three hydrogen bonds between A and T and two hydrogen bonds between C
and G.
D) All of the answer options are correct.
E) It is a double-helical structure with the sugar–phosphate backbone always toward the
outside of the DNA.
Answer: E
9. Which of the following is a correct representation of the central dogma?
A) RNA → DNA → protein
B) protein → DNA → RNA
C) DNA → RNA → protein
D) DNA → protein → DNA
E) None of the answer options are correct.
Answer: C
Section 1.2 (After cracking the code)
10. A gene is transcribed into an mRNA, and this mRNA is 110 nucleotides long. Which
of the following proteins could it encode?
A) an enzyme that is 330 amino acids long
B) a ribosomal protein that is 360 amino acids long
C) a regulatory protein that is 36 amino acids long
D) a signaling protein that is 10 amino acids long
E) a structural protein that is 110 amino acids long
Answer: D
11. The nuclear genome of a mouse nerve cell is compared to that of a mouse skin cell.
What differences can we expect to see between these two cells’ nuclear genomes?
A) The two cells have almost identical genomes, but the nerve cell has more nerve-
specific genes.
B) The two cells have almost identical genomes, but the skin cell has more skin-specific
genes.
C) The two cells have different genomes: the nerve cell has nerve-specific genes but not
skin-specific genes, and the skin cell has skin-specific genes but no nerve-specific
genes.
D) The two cells have similar genomes, but the nerve cell has more nerve-specific genes
and the skin cell has more skin-specific genes.
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, E) The two cells have the same genome; there will be no differences.
Answer: E
12. You have come across a dog (named Cindy) that does not have a tail. Interestingly,
all the puppies produced by this dog don’t have a tail. If the lack of tail is caused by a
genetic mutation, where has this mutation most likely taken place?
A) in Cindy’s gametes
B) in the cells that should normally have given rise to Cindy’s tail
C) in the cells that should normally have given rise to Cindy’s and her puppies’ tails
D) in all of Cindy’s cells (including her gametes)
E) in a gamete of one of Cindy’s parents
Answer: A
13. Which of the following features make a species suitable as a model organism?
A) small organism
B) short generation time
C) small genome
D) produce large number of offspring
E) All of the answer options are correct.
Answer: E
14. Using molecular techniques, researchers have knocked out both copies of gene “G” in
a series of genetically identical mouse embryos. These mice develop normally, except for
their forelimbs, which are missing several small bones. What can be concluded from the
results of this experiment?
A) Gene “G” encodes a protein that is a crucial component of the forelimbs’ small bones
in mice.
B) Gene “G” encodes a protein that is normally only present in the forelimb cells of
developing mice.
C) Gene “G” is necessary for proper development of the forelimbs’ small bones in mice.
D) Gene “G” is normally only present in the forelimb cells of developing mice.
E) Gene “G” is normally only transcribed in the forelimb cells of developing mice.
Answer: C
MATCHING QUESTIONS
Sections 1.1 and 1.2
15. Choose the best answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a. alleles
b. de novo mutations
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