Nursing Fundamentals and
Pharmacology Test Bank.
Nursing Practi ce Questi ons and Answers.
Part 1: Fundamentals, Safety & Infection Control (Questions 1–30)
Topic: Safety & Infection Control
1. A nurse is preparing to transfer a client who has right-sided weakness from the bed to a
wheelchair. Which action should the nurse take?
* A. Place the wheelchair on the client's right side.
* B. Place the wheelchair on the client's left side.
* C. Have the client wrap their arms around the nurse's neck.
* D. Bend at the waist to lift the client.
> Answer: B
> Rationale: The wheelchair should be placed on the client's strong (unaffected) side, which is
the left side in this case. This allows the client to support their weight during the transfer.
Bending at the waist causes back injury; the nurse should bend at the knees.
>
2. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB). Which type of isolation
precaution should the nurse implement?
* A. Contact Precautions
* B. Droplet Precautions
* C. Airborne Precautions
* D. Protective Environment
> Answer: C
,> Rationale: TB is spread via small airborne particles. Airborne precautions (N95 respirator,
negative pressure room) are required. Droplet precautions are for flu/meningitis; Contact is for
MRSA/C. diff.
>
3. The nurse finds a client on the floor in the bathroom. After ensuring the client is safe and
stable, what is the nurse's priority action regarding documentation?
* A. Document the fall in the medical record and place a copy of the incident report in the
chart.
* B. Document the fall in the medical record but do not mention the incident report.
* C. Complete an incident report and file it in the client’s medical record.
* D. Call the family immediately before documenting.
> Answer: B
> Rationale: Incident reports are for internal risk management and quality improvement. They
should never be placed in or referred to in the patient's legal medical record. The facts of the
fall should be documented in the chart, but the report itself is separate.
>
4. A nurse is teaching a client about fall prevention at home. Which statement by the client
indicates a need for further teaching?
* A. "I will remove the throw rugs from the hallway."
* B. "I will place a non-slip mat in the bathtub."
* C. "I will wear my oversized wool socks to keep my feet warm."
* D. "I will install grab bars near the toilet."
> Answer: C
> Rationale: Walking in socks (especially oversized ones) on smooth floors increases the risk of
slipping. The client should wear non-slip footwear or shoes.
>
5. Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing the spread of infection in
a healthcare setting?
* A. Wearing sterile gloves for all patient interactions.
,* B. Administering prophylactic antibiotics.
* C. Performing proper hand hygiene.
* D. Isolating every patient with a fever.
> Answer: C
> Rationale: Hand hygiene is universally cited as the single most effective way to prevent the
spread of infections.
>
Topic: Vital Signs & Health Assessment
6. A nurse assesses a client’s radial pulse and notes it is irregular. What is the most appropriate
follow-up action?
* A. Record the pulse as "irregular" and document the rate.
* B. Auscultate the apical pulse for one full minute.
* C. Wait 15 minutes and retake the radial pulse.
* D. Use a pulse oximeter to verify the rate.
> Answer: B
> Rationale: If a peripheral pulse is irregular, the nurse must assess the apical pulse (at the point
of maximal impulse) for a full minute to obtain the most accurate rate and assess for pulse
deficit.
>
7. A client has a blood pressure of 180/100 mmHg. The nurse should re-measure the blood
pressure to verify. Which common error could cause a falsely high reading?
* A. The blood pressure cuff is too wide.
* B. The arm is positioned above the level of the heart.
* C. The blood pressure cuff is too narrow (small).
* D. The nurse deflated the cuff too rapidly.
> Answer: C
> Rationale: A cuff that is too narrow (small) for the patient's arm will yield a falsely high
reading. A cuff that is too wide or an arm above heart level yields a falsely low reading.
, >
8. Which assessment finding is considered a subjective declaration of pain?
* A. The client is grimacing.
* B. The client's blood pressure is elevated.
* C. The client states, "My leg hurts at a level of 8 out of 10."
* D. The client is guarding the surgical site.
> Answer: C
> Rationale: Pain is whatever the patient says it is. A statement is subjective data. Grimacing,
vitals, and guarding are objective observations associated with pain, but the patient's report is
the gold standard.
>
9. During a skin assessment, the nurse notices a non-blanchable redness over the client’s
sacrum. The skin is intact. How should the nurse document this finding?
* A. Stage 1 Pressure Injury
* B. Stage 2 Pressure Injury
* C. Deep Tissue Injury
* D. Contact Dermatitis
> Answer: A
> Rationale: Intact skin with non-blanchable redness indicates a Stage 1 pressure injury. Stage 2
involves partial-thickness skin loss.
>
10. A nurse is assessing a client with fluid volume excess (hypervolemia). Which finding should
the nurse expect?
* A. Hypotension and tachycardia.
* B. Dry mucous membranes.
* C. Distended neck veins (JVD) and crackles in lungs.
* D. Increased urine specific gravity.
> Answer: C
Pharmacology Test Bank.
Nursing Practi ce Questi ons and Answers.
Part 1: Fundamentals, Safety & Infection Control (Questions 1–30)
Topic: Safety & Infection Control
1. A nurse is preparing to transfer a client who has right-sided weakness from the bed to a
wheelchair. Which action should the nurse take?
* A. Place the wheelchair on the client's right side.
* B. Place the wheelchair on the client's left side.
* C. Have the client wrap their arms around the nurse's neck.
* D. Bend at the waist to lift the client.
> Answer: B
> Rationale: The wheelchair should be placed on the client's strong (unaffected) side, which is
the left side in this case. This allows the client to support their weight during the transfer.
Bending at the waist causes back injury; the nurse should bend at the knees.
>
2. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB). Which type of isolation
precaution should the nurse implement?
* A. Contact Precautions
* B. Droplet Precautions
* C. Airborne Precautions
* D. Protective Environment
> Answer: C
,> Rationale: TB is spread via small airborne particles. Airborne precautions (N95 respirator,
negative pressure room) are required. Droplet precautions are for flu/meningitis; Contact is for
MRSA/C. diff.
>
3. The nurse finds a client on the floor in the bathroom. After ensuring the client is safe and
stable, what is the nurse's priority action regarding documentation?
* A. Document the fall in the medical record and place a copy of the incident report in the
chart.
* B. Document the fall in the medical record but do not mention the incident report.
* C. Complete an incident report and file it in the client’s medical record.
* D. Call the family immediately before documenting.
> Answer: B
> Rationale: Incident reports are for internal risk management and quality improvement. They
should never be placed in or referred to in the patient's legal medical record. The facts of the
fall should be documented in the chart, but the report itself is separate.
>
4. A nurse is teaching a client about fall prevention at home. Which statement by the client
indicates a need for further teaching?
* A. "I will remove the throw rugs from the hallway."
* B. "I will place a non-slip mat in the bathtub."
* C. "I will wear my oversized wool socks to keep my feet warm."
* D. "I will install grab bars near the toilet."
> Answer: C
> Rationale: Walking in socks (especially oversized ones) on smooth floors increases the risk of
slipping. The client should wear non-slip footwear or shoes.
>
5. Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing the spread of infection in
a healthcare setting?
* A. Wearing sterile gloves for all patient interactions.
,* B. Administering prophylactic antibiotics.
* C. Performing proper hand hygiene.
* D. Isolating every patient with a fever.
> Answer: C
> Rationale: Hand hygiene is universally cited as the single most effective way to prevent the
spread of infections.
>
Topic: Vital Signs & Health Assessment
6. A nurse assesses a client’s radial pulse and notes it is irregular. What is the most appropriate
follow-up action?
* A. Record the pulse as "irregular" and document the rate.
* B. Auscultate the apical pulse for one full minute.
* C. Wait 15 minutes and retake the radial pulse.
* D. Use a pulse oximeter to verify the rate.
> Answer: B
> Rationale: If a peripheral pulse is irregular, the nurse must assess the apical pulse (at the point
of maximal impulse) for a full minute to obtain the most accurate rate and assess for pulse
deficit.
>
7. A client has a blood pressure of 180/100 mmHg. The nurse should re-measure the blood
pressure to verify. Which common error could cause a falsely high reading?
* A. The blood pressure cuff is too wide.
* B. The arm is positioned above the level of the heart.
* C. The blood pressure cuff is too narrow (small).
* D. The nurse deflated the cuff too rapidly.
> Answer: C
> Rationale: A cuff that is too narrow (small) for the patient's arm will yield a falsely high
reading. A cuff that is too wide or an arm above heart level yields a falsely low reading.
, >
8. Which assessment finding is considered a subjective declaration of pain?
* A. The client is grimacing.
* B. The client's blood pressure is elevated.
* C. The client states, "My leg hurts at a level of 8 out of 10."
* D. The client is guarding the surgical site.
> Answer: C
> Rationale: Pain is whatever the patient says it is. A statement is subjective data. Grimacing,
vitals, and guarding are objective observations associated with pain, but the patient's report is
the gold standard.
>
9. During a skin assessment, the nurse notices a non-blanchable redness over the client’s
sacrum. The skin is intact. How should the nurse document this finding?
* A. Stage 1 Pressure Injury
* B. Stage 2 Pressure Injury
* C. Deep Tissue Injury
* D. Contact Dermatitis
> Answer: A
> Rationale: Intact skin with non-blanchable redness indicates a Stage 1 pressure injury. Stage 2
involves partial-thickness skin loss.
>
10. A nurse is assessing a client with fluid volume excess (hypervolemia). Which finding should
the nurse expect?
* A. Hypotension and tachycardia.
* B. Dry mucous membranes.
* C. Distended neck veins (JVD) and crackles in lungs.
* D. Increased urine specific gravity.
> Answer: C
