Thorndike puzzleboxes
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, Trial and Error Learning:
Over time, the cats took less time and made fewer errors to escape
Thorndike believed this was generalizable to other animals and humans.
Measurements:
Errors: how many errors did the cats make trying to escape
Time: how much time did it take them ...
John Broadus Watson (1878-1958)
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Considered to be the founder of American behaviorism. Psychology should
limit itself to observable, measurable events and behavior. Famous for
"Little Albert" experiment(.Watson and Rayner conditioned 11- month-old
Albert to fear a white rat by pairing the rat with a loud noise. When albert
was presented with a white rabbit he feared it too)
"give me a dozen healthy infant quotes"
Discrimination:
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, learning to respond differently to 2 stimuli because different outcomes
follow them
exp:Children learn that when someone teases them that is not a friend
(stimulus), they may feel shame and fear (response). However, when they
are playing with their friends and someone teases them (stimulus), they may
feel safe and comfortable (response) because they know that friends don't
mean to hurt each other.
Assumptions of Behavioral Learning Theories
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Learning must include an observable change in behavior
Behavior occurs due to experiences in the environment.
Learning must include an association between a stimulus and a response:
Contiguity learning
The stimulus and the response must occur close together in time.
Learning processes are very similar across different species.
Spontaneous Recovery:
Give this one a try later!
Give this one a try later!
, Trial and Error Learning:
Over time, the cats took less time and made fewer errors to escape
Thorndike believed this was generalizable to other animals and humans.
Measurements:
Errors: how many errors did the cats make trying to escape
Time: how much time did it take them ...
John Broadus Watson (1878-1958)
Give this one a try later!
Considered to be the founder of American behaviorism. Psychology should
limit itself to observable, measurable events and behavior. Famous for
"Little Albert" experiment(.Watson and Rayner conditioned 11- month-old
Albert to fear a white rat by pairing the rat with a loud noise. When albert
was presented with a white rabbit he feared it too)
"give me a dozen healthy infant quotes"
Discrimination:
Give this one a try later!
, learning to respond differently to 2 stimuli because different outcomes
follow them
exp:Children learn that when someone teases them that is not a friend
(stimulus), they may feel shame and fear (response). However, when they
are playing with their friends and someone teases them (stimulus), they may
feel safe and comfortable (response) because they know that friends don't
mean to hurt each other.
Assumptions of Behavioral Learning Theories
Give this one a try later!
Learning must include an observable change in behavior
Behavior occurs due to experiences in the environment.
Learning must include an association between a stimulus and a response:
Contiguity learning
The stimulus and the response must occur close together in time.
Learning processes are very similar across different species.
Spontaneous Recovery:
Give this one a try later!
