Centrioles 9x3 vs 9x2 vs 9x0
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9x3(MTOC) 9x2(cillia/flagella) 9x0(basal body 9x3 without a center)
forms Asters
Asters = cause cleavage, BOTH cytokinesis and Karyokinesis (A causes C
and K)
2n = normal devo in humans
, 3n = miscarriage
sequence from sperm to cns formation
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1. sperm fertilizes egg
2. centriole from sperm forms aster
3. *aster causes the 30 degree rotation at the cortex *
4. grey crescent forms
5. A+B = C (STP goes to equator inducing blastopore)
6. blastopore forms
7. blastopore causes archentron formation
8. archenteron invaginates (forming ecto endo and meso)
9. axial mesoderm forms (notochord)
10. notochord induces ectoderm to form CNS (techincally past gastrulation
inducer = sonic the hedge hog = formation of neural crest (fetal alochol
syndrome and holoproencephally)
Invagination
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, Infolding of a sheet of cells
Type 1b: Radial Holoblastic cleavage: Sea Urchin
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4th cleavage: 4 cells undergo equatorial cleavage forming micromeres,
mesomeres, and macromeres
timing mechanism = [o] of disulfide bridges
*Unique feature: Blastula flattens the vegetal plane *
sea urchin(cucumber) vs frog: blastoceol
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sea urchin/cucumber: central blastocoel
frog: animal blastoeceol
Deep marginal cells
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propel the archenteron via increasing S.A.
Give this one a try later!
9x3(MTOC) 9x2(cillia/flagella) 9x0(basal body 9x3 without a center)
forms Asters
Asters = cause cleavage, BOTH cytokinesis and Karyokinesis (A causes C
and K)
2n = normal devo in humans
, 3n = miscarriage
sequence from sperm to cns formation
Give this one a try later!
1. sperm fertilizes egg
2. centriole from sperm forms aster
3. *aster causes the 30 degree rotation at the cortex *
4. grey crescent forms
5. A+B = C (STP goes to equator inducing blastopore)
6. blastopore forms
7. blastopore causes archentron formation
8. archenteron invaginates (forming ecto endo and meso)
9. axial mesoderm forms (notochord)
10. notochord induces ectoderm to form CNS (techincally past gastrulation
inducer = sonic the hedge hog = formation of neural crest (fetal alochol
syndrome and holoproencephally)
Invagination
Give this one a try later!
, Infolding of a sheet of cells
Type 1b: Radial Holoblastic cleavage: Sea Urchin
Give this one a try later!
4th cleavage: 4 cells undergo equatorial cleavage forming micromeres,
mesomeres, and macromeres
timing mechanism = [o] of disulfide bridges
*Unique feature: Blastula flattens the vegetal plane *
sea urchin(cucumber) vs frog: blastoceol
Give this one a try later!
sea urchin/cucumber: central blastocoel
frog: animal blastoeceol
Deep marginal cells
Give this one a try later!
propel the archenteron via increasing S.A.
