BIOS 1300 (EXAM 1) QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2025/2026
Hierarchy of complexity - Answers atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ,
organ system, organism
Necessary Life Functions - Answers maintaining boundaries, movement, responsiveness,
digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction, growth
situs inversus - Answers reversed position of organs
body examination - Answers inspection, palpation, auscultation, and percussion
Gross Anatomy - Answers Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye
medical imaging - Answers viewing the inside of the body without surgery
Histology - Answers examination of tissues with a microscope
Histopathology - Answers microscopic examination of tissues for signs of disease
Cytology - Answers study of structure and function of cells
Ultrastructure - Answers view detail under electron microscope
digestive system - Answers takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and eliminates unabsorbed
matter (feces)
cardiovascular system - Answers via the blood, distributes oxygen and nutrients to all body cells
and delivers wastes and carbon dioxide to disposal organs
respiratory system - Answers takes in oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide
urinary system - Answers eliminates nitrogenous wastes and excess ions
integumentary system - Answers protects the body as a whole from the external environment
Homeostasis - Answers State of equilibrium in body's internal environment
What can disrupt homeostasis? - Answers disturbances in internal and external environments
negative feedback - Answers allows for dynamic equilibrium, within a limited range, around a set
point
how does negative feedback regulate homeostasis? - Answers The body senses a change and
decreases or reverses it
vasodilation - Answers condition raises above the standard set point
vasoconstriction - Answers condition is lower than the standard set point
, Receptor - Answers structure that senses change in the body
integrating (control) center - Answers Processes the sensory information "Makes a decision"
and directs a response
Effector - Answers cell or organ that carries out corrective action to restore homeostasis
homeostasis chain of events - Answers 1) stimulus produces a change in variable
2) Receptor detects change
3) Input: information sent to control center
4) Output: information sent to effector
5) Response of effector feeds back to reduce the effect of stimulus and return homeostasis
positive feedback - Answers response enhances the initial change Brought about by stimulus
Which feedback system is potentially dangerous? - Answers positive feedback
Gradient - Answers a difference in chemical concentration, charge, temperature, or pressure
between two points
Matter and energy tend to flow _____ gradients - Answers down
anatomical position - Answers To stand erect with arms at the sides and palms of the hands
turned forward
prone position - Answers lying face down
supine position - Answers lying on back, facing upward
coronal plane - Answers front and back
sagittal plane - Answers left and right
transverse plane - Answers top and bottom
Anterior - Answers toward the front
deep - Answers away from the surface
Distal - Answers away from the point of attachment
Inferior - Answers away from the head
Lateral - Answers away from the midline
Medial - Answers toward the midline
Hierarchy of complexity - Answers atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ,
organ system, organism
Necessary Life Functions - Answers maintaining boundaries, movement, responsiveness,
digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction, growth
situs inversus - Answers reversed position of organs
body examination - Answers inspection, palpation, auscultation, and percussion
Gross Anatomy - Answers Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye
medical imaging - Answers viewing the inside of the body without surgery
Histology - Answers examination of tissues with a microscope
Histopathology - Answers microscopic examination of tissues for signs of disease
Cytology - Answers study of structure and function of cells
Ultrastructure - Answers view detail under electron microscope
digestive system - Answers takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and eliminates unabsorbed
matter (feces)
cardiovascular system - Answers via the blood, distributes oxygen and nutrients to all body cells
and delivers wastes and carbon dioxide to disposal organs
respiratory system - Answers takes in oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide
urinary system - Answers eliminates nitrogenous wastes and excess ions
integumentary system - Answers protects the body as a whole from the external environment
Homeostasis - Answers State of equilibrium in body's internal environment
What can disrupt homeostasis? - Answers disturbances in internal and external environments
negative feedback - Answers allows for dynamic equilibrium, within a limited range, around a set
point
how does negative feedback regulate homeostasis? - Answers The body senses a change and
decreases or reverses it
vasodilation - Answers condition raises above the standard set point
vasoconstriction - Answers condition is lower than the standard set point
, Receptor - Answers structure that senses change in the body
integrating (control) center - Answers Processes the sensory information "Makes a decision"
and directs a response
Effector - Answers cell or organ that carries out corrective action to restore homeostasis
homeostasis chain of events - Answers 1) stimulus produces a change in variable
2) Receptor detects change
3) Input: information sent to control center
4) Output: information sent to effector
5) Response of effector feeds back to reduce the effect of stimulus and return homeostasis
positive feedback - Answers response enhances the initial change Brought about by stimulus
Which feedback system is potentially dangerous? - Answers positive feedback
Gradient - Answers a difference in chemical concentration, charge, temperature, or pressure
between two points
Matter and energy tend to flow _____ gradients - Answers down
anatomical position - Answers To stand erect with arms at the sides and palms of the hands
turned forward
prone position - Answers lying face down
supine position - Answers lying on back, facing upward
coronal plane - Answers front and back
sagittal plane - Answers left and right
transverse plane - Answers top and bottom
Anterior - Answers toward the front
deep - Answers away from the surface
Distal - Answers away from the point of attachment
Inferior - Answers away from the head
Lateral - Answers away from the midline
Medial - Answers toward the midline
