Key Threats to Ecological Systems
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HIPPO
H - Habitat Destruction
I - Invasive Species
P - Pollution
P - Population
O - Overconsumption/ bycatch
Associational resistance
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The protection of one species by its close association with unpalatable
neighbours.
, -Decorative Crab covers itself in sediment which attaches brown algae that
secretes toxins that affects fish
Physical armour
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Porcupine
-Boxfish thats all bones
Late Cretaceous/ Early Tertiary - Paleocene
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65 Ma
-Deep ocean and seas started to form
What does habitat conservation protect?
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-Protects the generalists and not the specialists
-Bolivia vs. Brazil in clear cutting of the rainforest, creates habitat
homogeneity as the specialists are eliminated
,Diversity Index
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Distribution of a species across a habitat suggests
-uniform, random or clumped
-each assumes a different ecological mechanism
-A numerical measure of species diversity that is derived from both the
number of species (variety) and their proportional abundance.
-Looks at the different species and their relative abundance in a particular
site.
Two components:
1. Species richness (S)
2. Relative Abundance (N)
Also have 2 ways to calculate:
1. Dominance Indices
2. Information Statistic Indices
-Doesn't matter which one you use, as they all tell you the diversity as you
go from one site to another
-Depends on which software one is using
Moderate Stress Environments
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-Some predation and herbivory but not enough to affect benthic growth
densities (macroalgal and coral)
-Competition for space dominates
-Bottom-up competition
, Extinction rate
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Species lost from island/unit time
Resource-based
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Two completely different species working together
-Mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots
Which functional groups are more susceptible to herbivory due to growth rate?
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Filamentous is the only one that has a fast growth rate, the rest are slow
growing
Lotic System
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-Flow is unidirectional (downriver), constantly changing
-Continuous physical change on multiple variables
-Energy Input (allochthonous and autochthonous)
-Spatiotemporal heterogeneity at all scales
Give this one a try later!
HIPPO
H - Habitat Destruction
I - Invasive Species
P - Pollution
P - Population
O - Overconsumption/ bycatch
Associational resistance
Give this one a try later!
The protection of one species by its close association with unpalatable
neighbours.
, -Decorative Crab covers itself in sediment which attaches brown algae that
secretes toxins that affects fish
Physical armour
Give this one a try later!
Porcupine
-Boxfish thats all bones
Late Cretaceous/ Early Tertiary - Paleocene
Give this one a try later!
65 Ma
-Deep ocean and seas started to form
What does habitat conservation protect?
Give this one a try later!
-Protects the generalists and not the specialists
-Bolivia vs. Brazil in clear cutting of the rainforest, creates habitat
homogeneity as the specialists are eliminated
,Diversity Index
Give this one a try later!
Distribution of a species across a habitat suggests
-uniform, random or clumped
-each assumes a different ecological mechanism
-A numerical measure of species diversity that is derived from both the
number of species (variety) and their proportional abundance.
-Looks at the different species and their relative abundance in a particular
site.
Two components:
1. Species richness (S)
2. Relative Abundance (N)
Also have 2 ways to calculate:
1. Dominance Indices
2. Information Statistic Indices
-Doesn't matter which one you use, as they all tell you the diversity as you
go from one site to another
-Depends on which software one is using
Moderate Stress Environments
Give this one a try later!
-Some predation and herbivory but not enough to affect benthic growth
densities (macroalgal and coral)
-Competition for space dominates
-Bottom-up competition
, Extinction rate
Give this one a try later!
Species lost from island/unit time
Resource-based
Give this one a try later!
Two completely different species working together
-Mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots
Which functional groups are more susceptible to herbivory due to growth rate?
Give this one a try later!
Filamentous is the only one that has a fast growth rate, the rest are slow
growing
Lotic System
Give this one a try later!
-Flow is unidirectional (downriver), constantly changing
-Continuous physical change on multiple variables
-Energy Input (allochthonous and autochthonous)
-Spatiotemporal heterogeneity at all scales
