NUR 117 Exam 1 Questions With Correct
Answers
Define |the |word |pharmacology |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Pharmacology |is |the |study |of |the |
biological |effects |of |chemicals.
Differentiate |between |generic |and |brand-name |drugs |and |OTC |and |prescription |drugs |- |
CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Generic |drugs |are |the |original |designation |that |the |drug |was |given |
when |the |drug |company |applied |for |the |approval |process. |OTC |drugs |are |products |that |are |
available |without |prescription |for |self-treatment |of |a |variety |of |complaints |(very |safe |when |
used |as |directed |and |useful). |Name-Brand |drugs |are |drugs |given |a |brand |name |by |the |
pharmaceutical |company |that |developed |it.
List |at |least |6 |factors |that |can |influence |the |actual |effectiveness |of |drugs |in |the |body |- |
CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Weight, |age, |gender, |physiological |factors, |pathological |factors, |genetic |
factors, |immunological |factors, |psychological |factors, |environmental |factors, |drug |tolerance, |
cumulative |effect
Explain |the |meaning |of |half-life |of |a |drug |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |half-life |of |a |drug |is |the
|time |it |takes |the |amount |of |a |drug |in |the |body |to |decrease |to |one |half |of |the |peak |level |it |
previously |achieved
List |4 |types |of |allergic |responses |to |drug |therapy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Anaphylactic |
reaction |(causes |membrane |swelling |and |constricting |that |leads |to |respiratory |distress/arrest), |
cytotoxic |reaction |(involves |antibodies |that |circulate |in |the |blood |and |cause |cell |death), |serum
|sickness |reaction |(Involves |antibodies |that |circulate |in |the |blood |and |cause |damage |to |various
|tissues |by |depositing |in |blood |vessels), |delayed |allergic |reaction |(involves |antibodies |that |are |
bound |to |specific |while |blood |cells)
, Define |the |term |adverse |drug |reaction |and |explain |the |clinical |significance |of |this |reaction |- |
CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Any |unexpected |or |dangerous |reaction |to |a |drug. |An |unwanted |effect |
caused |by |the |administration |of |a |drug. |
Clinically |significant |because |it |may |be |caused |by |side |effects |of |the |drug, |the |patients |
sensitivity |to |the |drug, |the |drugs |actions |on |the |body |causing |other |responses, |and |the |
patient |taking |too |little |or |too |much |of |the |drug
Pharmacotherapeutics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-is |pharmacology; |chemicals |that |are |used |in |
medicine |for |the |treatment, |prevention, |and |diagnosis |of |disease |in |humans.
(Clinical |Pharmacology)
Pharmacodynamics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Is |the |science |of |dealing |with |interactions |
between |living |organisms |and |foreign |chemicals. |(Drug |action)
Pharmacokinetics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-How |the |body |acts |on |the |drugs
Dynamic |Equilibrium |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |actual |amount |of |drug |that |reaches |the |
body |results |for |a |dynamic |equilibrium.
Preclinical |trials |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Chemicals |tested |on |laboratory |animals
Phase |I |studies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Chemicals |tested |on |human |volunteers
Phase |II |studies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Drug |tried |on |informed |patients
Phase |III |studies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Drug |used |in |vast |clinical |market
Phase |IV |studies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Continual |evaluation |of |the |drug
Answers
Define |the |word |pharmacology |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Pharmacology |is |the |study |of |the |
biological |effects |of |chemicals.
Differentiate |between |generic |and |brand-name |drugs |and |OTC |and |prescription |drugs |- |
CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Generic |drugs |are |the |original |designation |that |the |drug |was |given |
when |the |drug |company |applied |for |the |approval |process. |OTC |drugs |are |products |that |are |
available |without |prescription |for |self-treatment |of |a |variety |of |complaints |(very |safe |when |
used |as |directed |and |useful). |Name-Brand |drugs |are |drugs |given |a |brand |name |by |the |
pharmaceutical |company |that |developed |it.
List |at |least |6 |factors |that |can |influence |the |actual |effectiveness |of |drugs |in |the |body |- |
CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Weight, |age, |gender, |physiological |factors, |pathological |factors, |genetic |
factors, |immunological |factors, |psychological |factors, |environmental |factors, |drug |tolerance, |
cumulative |effect
Explain |the |meaning |of |half-life |of |a |drug |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |half-life |of |a |drug |is |the
|time |it |takes |the |amount |of |a |drug |in |the |body |to |decrease |to |one |half |of |the |peak |level |it |
previously |achieved
List |4 |types |of |allergic |responses |to |drug |therapy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Anaphylactic |
reaction |(causes |membrane |swelling |and |constricting |that |leads |to |respiratory |distress/arrest), |
cytotoxic |reaction |(involves |antibodies |that |circulate |in |the |blood |and |cause |cell |death), |serum
|sickness |reaction |(Involves |antibodies |that |circulate |in |the |blood |and |cause |damage |to |various
|tissues |by |depositing |in |blood |vessels), |delayed |allergic |reaction |(involves |antibodies |that |are |
bound |to |specific |while |blood |cells)
, Define |the |term |adverse |drug |reaction |and |explain |the |clinical |significance |of |this |reaction |- |
CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Any |unexpected |or |dangerous |reaction |to |a |drug. |An |unwanted |effect |
caused |by |the |administration |of |a |drug. |
Clinically |significant |because |it |may |be |caused |by |side |effects |of |the |drug, |the |patients |
sensitivity |to |the |drug, |the |drugs |actions |on |the |body |causing |other |responses, |and |the |
patient |taking |too |little |or |too |much |of |the |drug
Pharmacotherapeutics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-is |pharmacology; |chemicals |that |are |used |in |
medicine |for |the |treatment, |prevention, |and |diagnosis |of |disease |in |humans.
(Clinical |Pharmacology)
Pharmacodynamics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Is |the |science |of |dealing |with |interactions |
between |living |organisms |and |foreign |chemicals. |(Drug |action)
Pharmacokinetics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-How |the |body |acts |on |the |drugs
Dynamic |Equilibrium |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |actual |amount |of |drug |that |reaches |the |
body |results |for |a |dynamic |equilibrium.
Preclinical |trials |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Chemicals |tested |on |laboratory |animals
Phase |I |studies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Chemicals |tested |on |human |volunteers
Phase |II |studies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Drug |tried |on |informed |patients
Phase |III |studies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Drug |used |in |vast |clinical |market
Phase |IV |studies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Continual |evaluation |of |the |drug
