C224-Research Foundations Final
Exam and Correct Answers 2026.
Research Literature - Answer the set of published research studies on a particular topic
Abstract - Answer a brief summary of what is included in the article.
*provide a concise breakdown of article goals, methods, and tentative results.
Understanding - Answer attempting to learn about and generate ideas about specific and
unique phenomena.
*important in early stages of research
*little previously known
*without preconceived notions
*"discover" important factors
Metacognition - Answer thinking about thinking
1.assess the task
2.evaluate strengths and weaknesses
3.plan an approach
4. apply strategies and monitor your performance
5. reflect and adjust as needed
Repeat the steps as a cycle.
Description - Answer an attempt to describe the characteristics of a phenomenon.
*describing a phenomenon?
*documenting characteristics of phenomenon?
Decriptive Research - Answer provide an accurate description or picture of the status or
characteristics of a situation or phenomenon
*deeper level than description
1. randomly selected from defined population
2.determine the sample characteristics
3.infer the characteristics of the population based on the sample
, Explanation - Answer researchers attempt to show how and why a phenomenon operates as
it does.
1.develop a theory about how and why the phenomenon operates as it does
2.identify the cause and effect relationships
explanatory research - Answer testing hypotheses and theories that explain the functions of
a phenomenon in detail
*strongest form of explanatory research for providing evidence of cause and effect
Prediction - Answer forecast a phenomenon, wherin there is an association made between
two points in a time
*can be made from research studies
predictive research - Answer predict the future status of one or more dependent (or
criterion) variables on the basis of one or more independent (or predictor) variables
influence - Answer attempting to apply research to make certain outcomes occur
*an objective which refers to the application of research knowledge to control various aspects
of the world.
1.make something useful happen
2.checking a demonstration program to see if it works.
Integration - Answer consolidating insights from multiple investigators,
theories/perspectives, sets of data, methods in order to understand a given entity of study
emic perspective - Answer *insider's perspective
*meanings and views of people being studied
*getting inside the heads of group members
*ex. local languages, forms of expression, jargon/slang
Etic Perspective - Answer *external, social scientific perspective
*perspective of objective researcher
*use social scientific concepts, terms and procedures to describe and explain behavior
*used to bring research questions from the outside
Five types of Educational Research - Answer 1.Basic
2.Evaluation
Exam and Correct Answers 2026.
Research Literature - Answer the set of published research studies on a particular topic
Abstract - Answer a brief summary of what is included in the article.
*provide a concise breakdown of article goals, methods, and tentative results.
Understanding - Answer attempting to learn about and generate ideas about specific and
unique phenomena.
*important in early stages of research
*little previously known
*without preconceived notions
*"discover" important factors
Metacognition - Answer thinking about thinking
1.assess the task
2.evaluate strengths and weaknesses
3.plan an approach
4. apply strategies and monitor your performance
5. reflect and adjust as needed
Repeat the steps as a cycle.
Description - Answer an attempt to describe the characteristics of a phenomenon.
*describing a phenomenon?
*documenting characteristics of phenomenon?
Decriptive Research - Answer provide an accurate description or picture of the status or
characteristics of a situation or phenomenon
*deeper level than description
1. randomly selected from defined population
2.determine the sample characteristics
3.infer the characteristics of the population based on the sample
, Explanation - Answer researchers attempt to show how and why a phenomenon operates as
it does.
1.develop a theory about how and why the phenomenon operates as it does
2.identify the cause and effect relationships
explanatory research - Answer testing hypotheses and theories that explain the functions of
a phenomenon in detail
*strongest form of explanatory research for providing evidence of cause and effect
Prediction - Answer forecast a phenomenon, wherin there is an association made between
two points in a time
*can be made from research studies
predictive research - Answer predict the future status of one or more dependent (or
criterion) variables on the basis of one or more independent (or predictor) variables
influence - Answer attempting to apply research to make certain outcomes occur
*an objective which refers to the application of research knowledge to control various aspects
of the world.
1.make something useful happen
2.checking a demonstration program to see if it works.
Integration - Answer consolidating insights from multiple investigators,
theories/perspectives, sets of data, methods in order to understand a given entity of study
emic perspective - Answer *insider's perspective
*meanings and views of people being studied
*getting inside the heads of group members
*ex. local languages, forms of expression, jargon/slang
Etic Perspective - Answer *external, social scientific perspective
*perspective of objective researcher
*use social scientific concepts, terms and procedures to describe and explain behavior
*used to bring research questions from the outside
Five types of Educational Research - Answer 1.Basic
2.Evaluation
