NSG 252 FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
- 2027
With a full thickness burn, you need to monitor the patient's urine for?
- ANSWERS-- Hemoglobin & myoglobin
Thermal Burn - ANSWERS-- Most common type comes from heat,
steam, or fire that comes in contact with the skin
Electrical Burn - ANSWERS-- electric current passes through body &
damages tissue
- Watch for heart dysrhythmias, renal failure
What is the "iceberg effect"? - ANSWERS-- Damage that can be
unseen from an electrical burn
Acute Tubular Necrosis - ANSWERS-- Damage to renal tubules
causing release of hemoglobin & myoglobin
Cold Burn - ANSWERS-Frostbite!
Radiation Burn - ANSWERS-- Sun, radiation therapy
,Friction Burn - ANSWERS-- rope burn, road rash
How is burn depth determined? - ANSWERS--Degree of burn
-Source of burn
-% of body burned
-Age of patient
-Complications
Lund & Browder Method - ANSWERS-More precise % of surface
area r/t age of patient (children)
Palmer Method - ANSWERS-Use palm to estimate size of burn 1%;
up to 10% TBSA
Zones of burn injury - ANSWERS-- Zone of coagulation: cellular
death occurs; innermost
- Zone of stasis: compromised blood supply, inflammation, tissue
injury, middle
- Zone of hyperemia: least damage, outermost
Flash Burn - ANSWERS-- caused by intense flashes of light, high
voltage electrical current, thermal radiation
Inhalation injury - ANSWERS-- upper (above vocal cords) thermal or
chemical
,- lower (below vocal cords) chemical
Emergent Phase - ANSWERS-- onset of injury to completion of fluid
resuscitation
Acute Phase - ANSWERS-- from beginning of diuresis to closure of
wound
- 48-72 hours after
Rehabilitation Phase - ANSWERS-- From wound closure to return to
optimal physical & psychosocial adjustment
How often must a patient's response to fluid resuscitation be assessed?
- ANSWERS-- Every hour
Circumferential Dressings - ANSWERS-- should be applied distally
to proximally
Foot or Hand Burns - ANSWERS-- Should be wrapped individually
What are examples of pain management for burn injuries? -
ANSWERS-- Analgesics (morphine, fentanyl, IV)
What route is preferred for nutritional therapy for burn patients? -
ANSWERS-- Enteral route
, Alcoholic VS Viral Hepatitis - ANSWERS-Viral = tender
Alcoholic = non tender
Hepatitis A & E - ANSWERS-- Transmitted thru oral/fecal route
(food)
What is the most significant source of bleeding in a patient with
cirrhosis? - ANSWERS-Esophageal varices
Asterixis - ANSWERS--involuntary flapping of the hands
- seen in encephalopathy
What are functions of the liver? - ANSWERS-- glucose metabolism
- ammonia conversion
- protein metabolism
- fat metabolism
- vitamin & iron storage
- bile formation
- bilirubin excretion
- drug metabolism
Portal hypertension - ANSWERS-- obstructed blood flow thru liver
results in > pressure -> esophageal varices, ascites
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
- 2027
With a full thickness burn, you need to monitor the patient's urine for?
- ANSWERS-- Hemoglobin & myoglobin
Thermal Burn - ANSWERS-- Most common type comes from heat,
steam, or fire that comes in contact with the skin
Electrical Burn - ANSWERS-- electric current passes through body &
damages tissue
- Watch for heart dysrhythmias, renal failure
What is the "iceberg effect"? - ANSWERS-- Damage that can be
unseen from an electrical burn
Acute Tubular Necrosis - ANSWERS-- Damage to renal tubules
causing release of hemoglobin & myoglobin
Cold Burn - ANSWERS-Frostbite!
Radiation Burn - ANSWERS-- Sun, radiation therapy
,Friction Burn - ANSWERS-- rope burn, road rash
How is burn depth determined? - ANSWERS--Degree of burn
-Source of burn
-% of body burned
-Age of patient
-Complications
Lund & Browder Method - ANSWERS-More precise % of surface
area r/t age of patient (children)
Palmer Method - ANSWERS-Use palm to estimate size of burn 1%;
up to 10% TBSA
Zones of burn injury - ANSWERS-- Zone of coagulation: cellular
death occurs; innermost
- Zone of stasis: compromised blood supply, inflammation, tissue
injury, middle
- Zone of hyperemia: least damage, outermost
Flash Burn - ANSWERS-- caused by intense flashes of light, high
voltage electrical current, thermal radiation
Inhalation injury - ANSWERS-- upper (above vocal cords) thermal or
chemical
,- lower (below vocal cords) chemical
Emergent Phase - ANSWERS-- onset of injury to completion of fluid
resuscitation
Acute Phase - ANSWERS-- from beginning of diuresis to closure of
wound
- 48-72 hours after
Rehabilitation Phase - ANSWERS-- From wound closure to return to
optimal physical & psychosocial adjustment
How often must a patient's response to fluid resuscitation be assessed?
- ANSWERS-- Every hour
Circumferential Dressings - ANSWERS-- should be applied distally
to proximally
Foot or Hand Burns - ANSWERS-- Should be wrapped individually
What are examples of pain management for burn injuries? -
ANSWERS-- Analgesics (morphine, fentanyl, IV)
What route is preferred for nutritional therapy for burn patients? -
ANSWERS-- Enteral route
, Alcoholic VS Viral Hepatitis - ANSWERS-Viral = tender
Alcoholic = non tender
Hepatitis A & E - ANSWERS-- Transmitted thru oral/fecal route
(food)
What is the most significant source of bleeding in a patient with
cirrhosis? - ANSWERS-Esophageal varices
Asterixis - ANSWERS--involuntary flapping of the hands
- seen in encephalopathy
What are functions of the liver? - ANSWERS-- glucose metabolism
- ammonia conversion
- protein metabolism
- fat metabolism
- vitamin & iron storage
- bile formation
- bilirubin excretion
- drug metabolism
Portal hypertension - ANSWERS-- obstructed blood flow thru liver
results in > pressure -> esophageal varices, ascites
