IVY TECH APHY 101 Midterm Questions and
Answers | Newest Updated Study Guide with
Accurate Solutions | Grade A+
• What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? -✓✓Anatomy is the
study of the structure of body parts, whereas physiology is the study of the function
of body parts
• What are the levels of organization? -✓✓subatomic particles, atom, molecule,
macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
• What are the requirements of life? -✓✓Water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure
• What are the characteristics of life? -✓✓Movement (internal or gross);
Responsiveness (reaction to internal or external change); Growth (increase in size
without change in shape); Reproduction (new organisms or new cells); Respiration
(use of oxygen; removal of CO2); Digestion (breakdown of food); Absorption
(movement of substances through membranes and into fluids); Circulation
(movement within body fluids); Assimilation (changing nutrients into chemically
different forms); Excretion (removal of metabolic wastes)
• Define homeostasis -✓✓Body's maintenance of a stable environment
• What is a homeostatic mechanism? -✓✓the body maintains homeostasis through
a number of self-regulating control systems; examples are regulating body
temperature and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate body pressure
• Define matter -✓✓Anything that takes up space and has mass (weight). It is
composed of elements.
,• Define element -✓✓fundamental substance composed of chemically identical
atoms
• Define atoms -✓✓smallest particle of an element; basic unit of matter
• What is the structure of an atom? -✓✓An atom consists of a nucleus containing
protons and neutrons, with electrons in
orbit around the nucleus.
• Atomic nucleus -✓✓the nucleus contains protons and neutrons
• Proton -✓✓subatomic particle that has a positive charge
• Neutron -✓✓subatomic particle that has no charge
• Electron -✓✓subatomic particle that has a negative charge
• Atomic number -✓✓number or protons in nucleus
• Atomic mass -✓✓number of protons plus number of neutrons
• What are covalent bonds? -✓✓Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share
electrons to become stable with filled
outer shells
, • What are ionic bonds? -✓✓2 oppositely charged atoms form this bond when
electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom
• What are hydrogen bonds? -✓✓Weak attraction between positive end of one
polar molecule and negative end of another polar molecule; formed between water
molecules
• Define ion -✓✓When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become ions.
• Define synthesis reaction -✓✓Two or more atoms or molecules are joined
together
• Define decomposition reaction -✓✓Larger molecules are broken down into
smaller ones
• Define exchange reaction -✓✓Parts of molecules trade places
• Define reactant -✓✓The starting materials of the reaction - the atoms, ions, or
molecules
• Define product -✓✓Substances formed at the end of the chemical reaction
• Define catalyst -✓✓influence the rates of chemical reactions
• What is an acid? -✓✓Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water
Answers | Newest Updated Study Guide with
Accurate Solutions | Grade A+
• What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? -✓✓Anatomy is the
study of the structure of body parts, whereas physiology is the study of the function
of body parts
• What are the levels of organization? -✓✓subatomic particles, atom, molecule,
macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
• What are the requirements of life? -✓✓Water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure
• What are the characteristics of life? -✓✓Movement (internal or gross);
Responsiveness (reaction to internal or external change); Growth (increase in size
without change in shape); Reproduction (new organisms or new cells); Respiration
(use of oxygen; removal of CO2); Digestion (breakdown of food); Absorption
(movement of substances through membranes and into fluids); Circulation
(movement within body fluids); Assimilation (changing nutrients into chemically
different forms); Excretion (removal of metabolic wastes)
• Define homeostasis -✓✓Body's maintenance of a stable environment
• What is a homeostatic mechanism? -✓✓the body maintains homeostasis through
a number of self-regulating control systems; examples are regulating body
temperature and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate body pressure
• Define matter -✓✓Anything that takes up space and has mass (weight). It is
composed of elements.
,• Define element -✓✓fundamental substance composed of chemically identical
atoms
• Define atoms -✓✓smallest particle of an element; basic unit of matter
• What is the structure of an atom? -✓✓An atom consists of a nucleus containing
protons and neutrons, with electrons in
orbit around the nucleus.
• Atomic nucleus -✓✓the nucleus contains protons and neutrons
• Proton -✓✓subatomic particle that has a positive charge
• Neutron -✓✓subatomic particle that has no charge
• Electron -✓✓subatomic particle that has a negative charge
• Atomic number -✓✓number or protons in nucleus
• Atomic mass -✓✓number of protons plus number of neutrons
• What are covalent bonds? -✓✓Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share
electrons to become stable with filled
outer shells
, • What are ionic bonds? -✓✓2 oppositely charged atoms form this bond when
electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom
• What are hydrogen bonds? -✓✓Weak attraction between positive end of one
polar molecule and negative end of another polar molecule; formed between water
molecules
• Define ion -✓✓When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become ions.
• Define synthesis reaction -✓✓Two or more atoms or molecules are joined
together
• Define decomposition reaction -✓✓Larger molecules are broken down into
smaller ones
• Define exchange reaction -✓✓Parts of molecules trade places
• Define reactant -✓✓The starting materials of the reaction - the atoms, ions, or
molecules
• Define product -✓✓Substances formed at the end of the chemical reaction
• Define catalyst -✓✓influence the rates of chemical reactions
• What is an acid? -✓✓Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water
