NSG 530 EXAM SCRIPT FINAL PAPER 2026
FULL SOLUTION VIEW AHEAD
◉ what does HDL do.
Answer: reverse cholesterol transport
returns excess cholesterol from the tissue to the liver where it binds
to hepatic receptors and is processed or eliminated as bile or
converted to cholesterol-containing steroids
protects LDL from oxidation
◉ explain the relationship of lipoprotiens and diabetes as a risk
factor for CAD.
Answer: lipoproteins can be altered by glycation as a result of high
glucose levels which causes a greater integration into macrophages
(engulf oxidized LDL) this then accumulates in the arterial wall
causing platelet aggregation and smooth muscle proliferation
◉ android obesity.
Answer: excess body fat that is placed predominantly within the
abdomen and upper body, as opposed to the hips and thighs
strongest link with CAD risk r/t insulin resistance, decreased HDL
levels, increased blood pressure, and inflammation
,◉ 9 P21.
Answer: genetic variant associated with a strong risk for CAD
◉ what is the risk of having an MI in relation to the age that it
occurred in a parent.
Answer: inverse relationship
if you have a parent who had an MI at 40 you have a higher risk than
someone who's parent had one at 70
◉ Women typically present with CAD symptoms 10 years earlier
than men
t/f.
Answer: false
◉ lipoprotein (a) and CAD.
Answer: nontraditional risk factor
associated with atherosclerosis and thrombosis
genetically derived particle
at risk for premature CAD as well as stroke
◉ elevated high sensitivity c reactive protein and CAD (hs-CRP).
,Answer: acute phase reactant or protein
made in liver
indirect measure of atherosclerotic plaque-related
inflammation/progression
inflammatory marker
the more inflammation the more likely to have plaque ruptures
◉ t/f lipoproteins increase risk for a cardiac event, thrombus, and
stroke.
Answer: true
◉ t/f high numbers of large and puffy LDL particles are associated
with increased risk for CAD.
Answer: false
high numbers of small dense LDL
◉ total cholesterol levels.
Answer: desirable - <200
Borderline - 200-239
high - >240
◉ LDL levels.
, Answer: Optimal: <100
Near optimal: 100-129
Borderline high: 130-159
High: 160-189
Very high: >190
◉ Triglycerides levels.
Answer: desirable - <150
borderline - 150 - 199
high - 200-499
very high - >500
◉ HDL levels.
Answer: low - <40
high - >60
◉ response to injury hypothesis.
Answer: Atherosclerosis hypothesis where plaque build up begins
with the endothelial damage
changes in permeability
monocytes attach
move in
FULL SOLUTION VIEW AHEAD
◉ what does HDL do.
Answer: reverse cholesterol transport
returns excess cholesterol from the tissue to the liver where it binds
to hepatic receptors and is processed or eliminated as bile or
converted to cholesterol-containing steroids
protects LDL from oxidation
◉ explain the relationship of lipoprotiens and diabetes as a risk
factor for CAD.
Answer: lipoproteins can be altered by glycation as a result of high
glucose levels which causes a greater integration into macrophages
(engulf oxidized LDL) this then accumulates in the arterial wall
causing platelet aggregation and smooth muscle proliferation
◉ android obesity.
Answer: excess body fat that is placed predominantly within the
abdomen and upper body, as opposed to the hips and thighs
strongest link with CAD risk r/t insulin resistance, decreased HDL
levels, increased blood pressure, and inflammation
,◉ 9 P21.
Answer: genetic variant associated with a strong risk for CAD
◉ what is the risk of having an MI in relation to the age that it
occurred in a parent.
Answer: inverse relationship
if you have a parent who had an MI at 40 you have a higher risk than
someone who's parent had one at 70
◉ Women typically present with CAD symptoms 10 years earlier
than men
t/f.
Answer: false
◉ lipoprotein (a) and CAD.
Answer: nontraditional risk factor
associated with atherosclerosis and thrombosis
genetically derived particle
at risk for premature CAD as well as stroke
◉ elevated high sensitivity c reactive protein and CAD (hs-CRP).
,Answer: acute phase reactant or protein
made in liver
indirect measure of atherosclerotic plaque-related
inflammation/progression
inflammatory marker
the more inflammation the more likely to have plaque ruptures
◉ t/f lipoproteins increase risk for a cardiac event, thrombus, and
stroke.
Answer: true
◉ t/f high numbers of large and puffy LDL particles are associated
with increased risk for CAD.
Answer: false
high numbers of small dense LDL
◉ total cholesterol levels.
Answer: desirable - <200
Borderline - 200-239
high - >240
◉ LDL levels.
, Answer: Optimal: <100
Near optimal: 100-129
Borderline high: 130-159
High: 160-189
Very high: >190
◉ Triglycerides levels.
Answer: desirable - <150
borderline - 150 - 199
high - 200-499
very high - >500
◉ HDL levels.
Answer: low - <40
high - >60
◉ response to injury hypothesis.
Answer: Atherosclerosis hypothesis where plaque build up begins
with the endothelial damage
changes in permeability
monocytes attach
move in
