NR 507 / NR507 FINAL Exam Actual 2025/2026 |
Advanced Pathophysiology | Chamberlain
College of Nursing | Questions with Verified
Answers (100% Accurate) | 100% Guaranteed A+
Score
1. A common event during cellular reproduction resulting in the constant occurrence of isolated
cancer cells is known as:
A) Apoptosis
B) Cell transformation
C) Metastasis
D) Angiogenesis
Answer: B
Cell transformation is the process by which normal cells acquire genetic mutations leading to
uncontrolled growth and cancerous behavior, occurring frequently even in healthy tissues .
2. Which of the following best describes the function of a stem cell?
A) A fully differentiated cell with specialized function
B) An immature, undifferentiated cell capable of infinite division when stimulated
C) A cell that has lost its ability to divide
D) A cell that only exists during embryonic development
Answer: B
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with self-renewal capacity and the potential to differentiate into
various specialized cell types when appropriately stimulated .
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,3. The process whereby a stem cell undergoes cell division with an average cycle time of 24 hours is
called the:
A) Cell cycle
B) Mitosis phase
C) Interphase
D) Differentiation cascade
Answer: A
The cell cycle consists of interphase (G1, S, G2) and mitotic phase (M), during which a stem cell
replicates its DNA and divides into two daughter cells .
4. Anaphylaxis is classified as which type of hypersensitivity reaction?
A) Type I
B) Type II
C) Type III
D) Type IV
Answer: A
Anaphylaxis is a Type I hypersensitivity reaction mediated by IgE antibodies that trigger mast cell
degranulation and release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators .
5. Type II (cytotoxic) hypersensitivity reactions are primarily mediated by:
A) IgE antibodies and mast cells
B) IgG or IgM antibodies against cell surface antigens
C) Immune complex deposition
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,D) T-lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity
Answer: B
Type II reactions involve IgG or IgM antibodies binding to antigens on cell surfaces, leading to
complement activation, opsonization, and cell destruction .
6. Damage that occurs with ABO incompatible blood transfusion is primarily due to:
A) Mast cell degranulation
B) Complement damaging the RBC membrane causing cell lysis
C) T-cell mediated destruction
D) Immune complex deposition in small vessels
Answer: B
In ABO incompatibility, preformed antibodies bind to RBC antigens, activating the complement
cascade and causing intravascular hemolysis through membrane attack complex formation .
7. A patient presents to the office with sudden swollen lips and eyes, shortness of breath, and throat
tightness immediately after a bee sting. The most likely diagnosis is:
A) Angioedema alone
B) Anaphylaxis
C) Asthma exacerbation
D) Allergic rhinitis
Answer: B
The combination of airway compromise (shortness of breath, throat tightness) and angioedema after
an allergen exposure is diagnostic of anaphylaxis, a medical emergency .
Page 3 of 101 SUCCESS!!!
, 8. Which of the following is an example of a primary immunodeficiency disorder?
A) HIV/AIDS
B) Malnutrition-related immune dysfunction
C) Chronic Granulomatous Disease
D) Post-transplant immunosuppression
Answer: C
Chronic granulomatous disease is a primary (congenital) immunodeficiency caused by genetic defects
in phagocyte NADPH oxidase, impairing the ability to kill certain bacteria and fungi .
9. The predominant cause of secondary immune deficiency worldwide is:
A) Chemotherapy
B) Malnutrition
C) HIV infection
D) Autoimmune disease treatment
Answer: B
Malnutrition is the leading cause of secondary immunodeficiency globally, particularly in developing
countries, as adequate protein and micronutrients are essential for immune cell production and
function .
10. Which of the following is an autoimmune disease?
A) Chronic Granulomatous Disease
B) Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
C) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
D) DiGeorge Syndrome
Page 4 of 101 SUCCESS!!!
Advanced Pathophysiology | Chamberlain
College of Nursing | Questions with Verified
Answers (100% Accurate) | 100% Guaranteed A+
Score
1. A common event during cellular reproduction resulting in the constant occurrence of isolated
cancer cells is known as:
A) Apoptosis
B) Cell transformation
C) Metastasis
D) Angiogenesis
Answer: B
Cell transformation is the process by which normal cells acquire genetic mutations leading to
uncontrolled growth and cancerous behavior, occurring frequently even in healthy tissues .
2. Which of the following best describes the function of a stem cell?
A) A fully differentiated cell with specialized function
B) An immature, undifferentiated cell capable of infinite division when stimulated
C) A cell that has lost its ability to divide
D) A cell that only exists during embryonic development
Answer: B
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with self-renewal capacity and the potential to differentiate into
various specialized cell types when appropriately stimulated .
Page 1 of 101 SUCCESS!!!
,3. The process whereby a stem cell undergoes cell division with an average cycle time of 24 hours is
called the:
A) Cell cycle
B) Mitosis phase
C) Interphase
D) Differentiation cascade
Answer: A
The cell cycle consists of interphase (G1, S, G2) and mitotic phase (M), during which a stem cell
replicates its DNA and divides into two daughter cells .
4. Anaphylaxis is classified as which type of hypersensitivity reaction?
A) Type I
B) Type II
C) Type III
D) Type IV
Answer: A
Anaphylaxis is a Type I hypersensitivity reaction mediated by IgE antibodies that trigger mast cell
degranulation and release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators .
5. Type II (cytotoxic) hypersensitivity reactions are primarily mediated by:
A) IgE antibodies and mast cells
B) IgG or IgM antibodies against cell surface antigens
C) Immune complex deposition
Page 2 of 101 SUCCESS!!!
,D) T-lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity
Answer: B
Type II reactions involve IgG or IgM antibodies binding to antigens on cell surfaces, leading to
complement activation, opsonization, and cell destruction .
6. Damage that occurs with ABO incompatible blood transfusion is primarily due to:
A) Mast cell degranulation
B) Complement damaging the RBC membrane causing cell lysis
C) T-cell mediated destruction
D) Immune complex deposition in small vessels
Answer: B
In ABO incompatibility, preformed antibodies bind to RBC antigens, activating the complement
cascade and causing intravascular hemolysis through membrane attack complex formation .
7. A patient presents to the office with sudden swollen lips and eyes, shortness of breath, and throat
tightness immediately after a bee sting. The most likely diagnosis is:
A) Angioedema alone
B) Anaphylaxis
C) Asthma exacerbation
D) Allergic rhinitis
Answer: B
The combination of airway compromise (shortness of breath, throat tightness) and angioedema after
an allergen exposure is diagnostic of anaphylaxis, a medical emergency .
Page 3 of 101 SUCCESS!!!
, 8. Which of the following is an example of a primary immunodeficiency disorder?
A) HIV/AIDS
B) Malnutrition-related immune dysfunction
C) Chronic Granulomatous Disease
D) Post-transplant immunosuppression
Answer: C
Chronic granulomatous disease is a primary (congenital) immunodeficiency caused by genetic defects
in phagocyte NADPH oxidase, impairing the ability to kill certain bacteria and fungi .
9. The predominant cause of secondary immune deficiency worldwide is:
A) Chemotherapy
B) Malnutrition
C) HIV infection
D) Autoimmune disease treatment
Answer: B
Malnutrition is the leading cause of secondary immunodeficiency globally, particularly in developing
countries, as adequate protein and micronutrients are essential for immune cell production and
function .
10. Which of the following is an autoimmune disease?
A) Chronic Granulomatous Disease
B) Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
C) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
D) DiGeorge Syndrome
Page 4 of 101 SUCCESS!!!
