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Bio 3030 Final Exam newest 2026,2027
exam questions and answers already
graded A+, exams of nursing.
Two major types of proteins are involved in modifying chromatin structure - --ANS---
ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes and other enzymes catalyze, the
acetylation and methylation of histones
Chromatin-remodeling complexes - --ANS---Reshape chromatin
Acetylation of histones is usually associated with - --ANS---activation of genes
Methylation can be correlated with either - --ANS---activation or inactivation
Histone acetyl transferases (HATs) - --ANS---A type of acetylation enzyme add
negatively charged acetyl groups to the positively charged lysine residues in histones
Acetylation reduces the positive charge on the histones - --ANS---Decondensing the
chromatin and allowing gene expression
Enzymes called histon deacetylases (HDACs) - --ANS---Remove the acetyl groups from
histones, reverse the effects of acetylation, and allow chromatin to condense
Epigenetic inheritance - --ANS---Patterns of inheritance that is not due to differences in
gene sequences
The histone code hypothesis contends that - --ANS---Precise patterns of chemical
modification of histones contain information that influences whether a particular gene is
expressed
The pattern of chemical modifications on histones varies - --ANS---from one cell type to
another
Daughter cells inherit patterns - --ANS---Of histone modification from the parent cell and
of gene expression from the parent cell
Eukaryotic promoters are similar to - --ANS---bacterial promoters
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There are three conserved sequences - --ANS---Each eukaryotic promoter has two of
the three and the most common sequence is the TATA box
All eukaryotic promoters are bound by the - --ANS---TATA-binding protein (TBP)
Regulatory sequences - --ANS---Are sections of DNA involved in controlling the activity
of genes
When regulatory proteins bind these sequences, - --ANS---gene activity changes
Yeast metabolize - --ANS---the sugar galactose
In the presence of galactose, transcription of the five galactose-utilization genes - --
ANS---increases
Mutant cells fail to produce any of the enzymes required for - --ANS---galactose
metabolism
Mutant cells fail to produce any of the enzymes required for galactose metabolism,
leading to three hypotheses: - --ANS---1) The five genes are regulated together even
though they are on different chromosomes
2) Normal cells have a CAP-like regulatory protein that exerts positive control over the
five genes
3) The mutant cells have a loss-of-function mutation that completely disables the
regulatory protein
A regulatory protein was found - --ANS---It binds to a short stretch of DNA located just
upstream from the promoter for all five genes required for galactose metabolism called
Gal4
Co-regulated genes are not clustered together - --ANS---Share a regulatory DNA
sequence, binds the same regulatory protein, and are termed promoter-proximal
elements
Promoter-proximal elements - --ANS---Are located just upstream of the promoter and
the transcription start site, have sequences that are unique to specific genes, and
provide a mechanism for eukaryotic cells to exert precise control over transcription
Susumu Tonegawa and colleagues discoved that - --ANS---The intron contains a
regulatory sequences required for transcription to occur (not in exons) while exploring
how human immune system cells regulate genes that produce antibodies
The intron contains - --ANS---a regulatory sequence required for transcription to occur
Bio 3030 Final Exam newest 2026,2027
exam questions and answers already
graded A+, exams of nursing.
Two major types of proteins are involved in modifying chromatin structure - --ANS---
ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes and other enzymes catalyze, the
acetylation and methylation of histones
Chromatin-remodeling complexes - --ANS---Reshape chromatin
Acetylation of histones is usually associated with - --ANS---activation of genes
Methylation can be correlated with either - --ANS---activation or inactivation
Histone acetyl transferases (HATs) - --ANS---A type of acetylation enzyme add
negatively charged acetyl groups to the positively charged lysine residues in histones
Acetylation reduces the positive charge on the histones - --ANS---Decondensing the
chromatin and allowing gene expression
Enzymes called histon deacetylases (HDACs) - --ANS---Remove the acetyl groups from
histones, reverse the effects of acetylation, and allow chromatin to condense
Epigenetic inheritance - --ANS---Patterns of inheritance that is not due to differences in
gene sequences
The histone code hypothesis contends that - --ANS---Precise patterns of chemical
modification of histones contain information that influences whether a particular gene is
expressed
The pattern of chemical modifications on histones varies - --ANS---from one cell type to
another
Daughter cells inherit patterns - --ANS---Of histone modification from the parent cell and
of gene expression from the parent cell
Eukaryotic promoters are similar to - --ANS---bacterial promoters
, 2|Page
There are three conserved sequences - --ANS---Each eukaryotic promoter has two of
the three and the most common sequence is the TATA box
All eukaryotic promoters are bound by the - --ANS---TATA-binding protein (TBP)
Regulatory sequences - --ANS---Are sections of DNA involved in controlling the activity
of genes
When regulatory proteins bind these sequences, - --ANS---gene activity changes
Yeast metabolize - --ANS---the sugar galactose
In the presence of galactose, transcription of the five galactose-utilization genes - --
ANS---increases
Mutant cells fail to produce any of the enzymes required for - --ANS---galactose
metabolism
Mutant cells fail to produce any of the enzymes required for galactose metabolism,
leading to three hypotheses: - --ANS---1) The five genes are regulated together even
though they are on different chromosomes
2) Normal cells have a CAP-like regulatory protein that exerts positive control over the
five genes
3) The mutant cells have a loss-of-function mutation that completely disables the
regulatory protein
A regulatory protein was found - --ANS---It binds to a short stretch of DNA located just
upstream from the promoter for all five genes required for galactose metabolism called
Gal4
Co-regulated genes are not clustered together - --ANS---Share a regulatory DNA
sequence, binds the same regulatory protein, and are termed promoter-proximal
elements
Promoter-proximal elements - --ANS---Are located just upstream of the promoter and
the transcription start site, have sequences that are unique to specific genes, and
provide a mechanism for eukaryotic cells to exert precise control over transcription
Susumu Tonegawa and colleagues discoved that - --ANS---The intron contains a
regulatory sequences required for transcription to occur (not in exons) while exploring
how human immune system cells regulate genes that produce antibodies
The intron contains - --ANS---a regulatory sequence required for transcription to occur
