NSG 252 Exam 1 Test Bank Actual Exam (Latest
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The nurse is caring for a client Answer: B
admitted with a diagnosis of acute
kidney injury (AKI). The client asks Explanation: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often
the nurse, "Are my kidneys failing? resolved without the need for transplant if
Will I need a kidney transplant?" treatment is initiated quickly. There is no need to
Which response by the nurse is the start lining up donors or wait for the provider to
most appropriate? arrive to explore options. Telling the client that
everything will be fine is condescending,
A) "No, don't think that. You're going provides no information, and is not within the
to be fine." nurse's ability to know
B) "In most cases, your condition
can be reversed with prompt
treatment and usually will not
destroy the kidneys."
C) "Kidney transplantation is highly
likely, so it would be a good idea to
start talking to your family members
about organ donation."
D) "When the doctor comes to see
you, we can talk about whether you
will need a transplant."
,A client diagnosed with frequent Answer: A, B, E
urinary tract infections is seen in the
urology clinic. The nurse reviews Explanation: Dehydration, renal calculi, and
the client's medical history and hypertension can all precipitate acute kidney
determines that the client is at risk injury (AKI). Ineffective wound healing has not
for acute kidney injury. Which items been shown to cause renal failure unless the
in the client's history support this infection becomes systemic. A low serum albumin
conclusion? Select all that apply. does not cause AKI.
A) Dehydration
B) Renal calculi
C) Ineffective wound healing
D) Low serum albumin
E) Hypertension
A young school-age client is in the Answer: D
hospital with an acute kidney injury
diagnosis following a streptococcus Explanation: Clients with streptococcus are at risk
infection. The client's parents for kidney and cardiac sequelae. In this case, the
primarily speak Spanish but have a child has no evidence of a congenital defect
limited ability to understand leading to acute kidney injury (AKI). A low-protein
English. Through an interpreter, the or low-calcium diet will not lead to AKI.
parents ask the nurse what mistake
they made that caused their child to
be so sick. Which response by the
nurse is the most appropriate?
A) "Your child does not eat enough
dietary protein."
B) "Your child has a congenital
defect that led to renal failure."
C) "Your child's renal failure has
been caused by a low calcium
level."
D) "Your child's recent infection may
have caused the renal failure."
,The nurse is planning care for a Answer: A
client diagnosed with acute kidney
injury (AKI). The nurse plans the Explanation: The client in acute kidney injury (AKI)
client's care based on the nursing will likely be edematous, because the kidneys are
diagnosis of Excess Fluid Volume. not producing urine. Wheezing in the lungs is an
Which assessment data supports assessment consistent with asthma, not AKI.
this nursing diagnosis? Bowel sounds in four quadrants is a normal
assessment finding. Generalized weakness may
A) Pitting edema in the lower be due to whatever disease process precipitated
extremities the kidney failure.
B) Bowel sounds positive in four
quadrants
C) Wheezing in the lungs
D) Generalized weakness
A client diagnosed with acute Answer: C
kidney injury (AKI) is receiving
peritoneal dialysis. The nurse is Explanation: The peritoneum acts as a
explaining the dialysis process to semipermeable membrane, allowing substances
the client and family. Which to move from an area of high concentration (the
statement should the nurse include blood) to an area of lower concentration (the
in this discussion? dialysate). Metabolic waste products and excess
water can be eliminated through osmosis and
A) "The peritoneum is more diffusion using the peritoneum as the
permeable because of the semipermeable membrane.
presence of excess metabolites."
B) "The metabolites will diffuse from
the interstitial space to the
bloodstream mainly through
diffusion and ultrafiltration."
C) "The peritoneum acts as a
semipermeable membrane through
which wastes move by diffusion and
osmosis."
D) "The solutes in the dialysate will
enter the bloodstream through the
peritoneum."
, The nurse is caring for a client Answer: A, B
diagnosed with acute kidney injury
(AKI). When reviewing the client's Explanation: Creatinine is the metabolic end
laboratory data, which findings product of creatine phosphate and is excreted
should indicate to the nurse that the via the kidneys in relatively constant amounts.
client has met the expected BUN, a measurement of the nitrogen portion of
outcomes? Select all that apply. urea, is also excreted in urine and is a good
indicator of renal function. Neutrophils,
A) Decreasing serum creatinine lymphocytes, and erythrocytes are not used to
B) Decreasing blood urea nitrogen monitor the return of renal function.
(BUN)
C) Decreasing neutrophil count
D) Decreasing lymphocyte count
E) Decreasing erythrocyte count
What is the most frequent Answer: B
complication during hemodialysis?
Explanation: Hypotension is the most frequent
A) Hemorrhage complication during hemodialysis. It may result
B) Hypotension from changes in serum osmolality, rapid removal
C) Localized infection of fluid from the vascular compartment,
D) Hypertension vasodilation, and other factors. Bleeding is
another possible complication, although it does
not occur as often as hypotension. Infection is
also commonly associated with hemodialysis,
although it occurs following treatment rather than
during dialysis.
Update) Questions & Correct
Answers (100% Correct Verified Answers)
Already Graded A+
Save
Terms in this set (120)
The nurse is caring for a client Answer: B
admitted with a diagnosis of acute
kidney injury (AKI). The client asks Explanation: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often
the nurse, "Are my kidneys failing? resolved without the need for transplant if
Will I need a kidney transplant?" treatment is initiated quickly. There is no need to
Which response by the nurse is the start lining up donors or wait for the provider to
most appropriate? arrive to explore options. Telling the client that
everything will be fine is condescending,
A) "No, don't think that. You're going provides no information, and is not within the
to be fine." nurse's ability to know
B) "In most cases, your condition
can be reversed with prompt
treatment and usually will not
destroy the kidneys."
C) "Kidney transplantation is highly
likely, so it would be a good idea to
start talking to your family members
about organ donation."
D) "When the doctor comes to see
you, we can talk about whether you
will need a transplant."
,A client diagnosed with frequent Answer: A, B, E
urinary tract infections is seen in the
urology clinic. The nurse reviews Explanation: Dehydration, renal calculi, and
the client's medical history and hypertension can all precipitate acute kidney
determines that the client is at risk injury (AKI). Ineffective wound healing has not
for acute kidney injury. Which items been shown to cause renal failure unless the
in the client's history support this infection becomes systemic. A low serum albumin
conclusion? Select all that apply. does not cause AKI.
A) Dehydration
B) Renal calculi
C) Ineffective wound healing
D) Low serum albumin
E) Hypertension
A young school-age client is in the Answer: D
hospital with an acute kidney injury
diagnosis following a streptococcus Explanation: Clients with streptococcus are at risk
infection. The client's parents for kidney and cardiac sequelae. In this case, the
primarily speak Spanish but have a child has no evidence of a congenital defect
limited ability to understand leading to acute kidney injury (AKI). A low-protein
English. Through an interpreter, the or low-calcium diet will not lead to AKI.
parents ask the nurse what mistake
they made that caused their child to
be so sick. Which response by the
nurse is the most appropriate?
A) "Your child does not eat enough
dietary protein."
B) "Your child has a congenital
defect that led to renal failure."
C) "Your child's renal failure has
been caused by a low calcium
level."
D) "Your child's recent infection may
have caused the renal failure."
,The nurse is planning care for a Answer: A
client diagnosed with acute kidney
injury (AKI). The nurse plans the Explanation: The client in acute kidney injury (AKI)
client's care based on the nursing will likely be edematous, because the kidneys are
diagnosis of Excess Fluid Volume. not producing urine. Wheezing in the lungs is an
Which assessment data supports assessment consistent with asthma, not AKI.
this nursing diagnosis? Bowel sounds in four quadrants is a normal
assessment finding. Generalized weakness may
A) Pitting edema in the lower be due to whatever disease process precipitated
extremities the kidney failure.
B) Bowel sounds positive in four
quadrants
C) Wheezing in the lungs
D) Generalized weakness
A client diagnosed with acute Answer: C
kidney injury (AKI) is receiving
peritoneal dialysis. The nurse is Explanation: The peritoneum acts as a
explaining the dialysis process to semipermeable membrane, allowing substances
the client and family. Which to move from an area of high concentration (the
statement should the nurse include blood) to an area of lower concentration (the
in this discussion? dialysate). Metabolic waste products and excess
water can be eliminated through osmosis and
A) "The peritoneum is more diffusion using the peritoneum as the
permeable because of the semipermeable membrane.
presence of excess metabolites."
B) "The metabolites will diffuse from
the interstitial space to the
bloodstream mainly through
diffusion and ultrafiltration."
C) "The peritoneum acts as a
semipermeable membrane through
which wastes move by diffusion and
osmosis."
D) "The solutes in the dialysate will
enter the bloodstream through the
peritoneum."
, The nurse is caring for a client Answer: A, B
diagnosed with acute kidney injury
(AKI). When reviewing the client's Explanation: Creatinine is the metabolic end
laboratory data, which findings product of creatine phosphate and is excreted
should indicate to the nurse that the via the kidneys in relatively constant amounts.
client has met the expected BUN, a measurement of the nitrogen portion of
outcomes? Select all that apply. urea, is also excreted in urine and is a good
indicator of renal function. Neutrophils,
A) Decreasing serum creatinine lymphocytes, and erythrocytes are not used to
B) Decreasing blood urea nitrogen monitor the return of renal function.
(BUN)
C) Decreasing neutrophil count
D) Decreasing lymphocyte count
E) Decreasing erythrocyte count
What is the most frequent Answer: B
complication during hemodialysis?
Explanation: Hypotension is the most frequent
A) Hemorrhage complication during hemodialysis. It may result
B) Hypotension from changes in serum osmolality, rapid removal
C) Localized infection of fluid from the vascular compartment,
D) Hypertension vasodilation, and other factors. Bleeding is
another possible complication, although it does
not occur as often as hypotension. Infection is
also commonly associated with hemodialysis,
although it occurs following treatment rather than
during dialysis.
