APHY 101 IVY TECH COMMUNITY
COLLEGE STUDY GUIDE 2026
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
◉ Optic Nerve (Cranial Nerve II) Answer: Sensory - Responsible for
vision. Transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.
◉ What is the function of the Oculomotor Nerve? Answer: Motor -
Controls most of the extrinsic eye muscles.
◉ Which eye muscles are controlled by the Oculomotor Nerve? Answer:
Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, and inferior oblique.
◉ What additional function does the Oculomotor Nerve have? Answer:
Controls pupil constriction via parasympathetic fibers.
◉ Trochlear Nerve (Cranial Nerve IV) Answer: Motor - Controls the
superior oblique muscle (responsible for downward and inward eye
movement).
◉ Trigeminal Nerve (Cranial Nerve V) Answer: Mixed (Sensory and
Motor) - Sensory: Provides sensation to the face, including the forehead,
cheeks, and chin. Motor: Controls muscles involved in chewing (e.g.,
masseter, temporalis).
,◉ Abducens Nerve (Cranial Nerve VI) Answer: Motor - Controls the
lateral rectus muscle, responsible for lateral eye movement.
◉ What type of nerve is the Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)? Answer:
Mixed (Sensory and Motor)
◉ What is the primary motor function of the Facial Nerve? Answer:
Controls the muscles of facial expression.
◉ What sensory function does the Facial Nerve serve? Answer: Carries
taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
◉ Which glands does the Facial Nerve control? Answer: Lacrimal
glands (tear production) and salivary glands.
◉ Vestibulocochlear Nerve (Cranial Nerve VIII) Answer: Sensory -
Responsible for hearing (cochlear branch) and balance (vestibular
branch).
◉ Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Cranial Nerve IX) Answer: Mixed (Sensory
and Motor) - Sensory: Carries taste sensation from the posterior third of
the tongue and sensation from the pharynx. Motor: Innervates the
pharyngeal muscles involved in swallowing and the parotid salivary
gland.
, ◉ Vagus Nerve (Cranial Nerve X) Answer: Mixed (Sensory and Motor)
- Sensory: Provides sensation to the throat, larynx, and thoracic and
abdominal organs. Motor: Controls most of the autonomic functions in
the body, including heart rate, digestion, and respiration.
◉ Accessory Nerve (Cranial Nerve XI) Answer: Motor - Controls the
sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, which help with head
movement and shoulder elevation.
◉ Hypoglossal Nerve (Cranial Nerve XII) Answer: Motor - Controls the
muscles of the tongue involved in speech and swallowing.
◉ Cornea Answer: Transparent, protective outer layer of the eye. It
helps focus light as it enters the eye.
◉ Pupil Answer: The opening that allows light to enter the eye. Its size
is controlled by the iris to regulate the amount of light entering.
◉ Iris Answer: The colored part of the eye that controls the size of the
pupil, adjusting the amount of light entering the eye.
◉ Lens Answer: Transparent, flexible structure that focuses light onto
the retina by changing shape (accommodation).
COLLEGE STUDY GUIDE 2026
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
◉ Optic Nerve (Cranial Nerve II) Answer: Sensory - Responsible for
vision. Transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.
◉ What is the function of the Oculomotor Nerve? Answer: Motor -
Controls most of the extrinsic eye muscles.
◉ Which eye muscles are controlled by the Oculomotor Nerve? Answer:
Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, and inferior oblique.
◉ What additional function does the Oculomotor Nerve have? Answer:
Controls pupil constriction via parasympathetic fibers.
◉ Trochlear Nerve (Cranial Nerve IV) Answer: Motor - Controls the
superior oblique muscle (responsible for downward and inward eye
movement).
◉ Trigeminal Nerve (Cranial Nerve V) Answer: Mixed (Sensory and
Motor) - Sensory: Provides sensation to the face, including the forehead,
cheeks, and chin. Motor: Controls muscles involved in chewing (e.g.,
masseter, temporalis).
,◉ Abducens Nerve (Cranial Nerve VI) Answer: Motor - Controls the
lateral rectus muscle, responsible for lateral eye movement.
◉ What type of nerve is the Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)? Answer:
Mixed (Sensory and Motor)
◉ What is the primary motor function of the Facial Nerve? Answer:
Controls the muscles of facial expression.
◉ What sensory function does the Facial Nerve serve? Answer: Carries
taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
◉ Which glands does the Facial Nerve control? Answer: Lacrimal
glands (tear production) and salivary glands.
◉ Vestibulocochlear Nerve (Cranial Nerve VIII) Answer: Sensory -
Responsible for hearing (cochlear branch) and balance (vestibular
branch).
◉ Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Cranial Nerve IX) Answer: Mixed (Sensory
and Motor) - Sensory: Carries taste sensation from the posterior third of
the tongue and sensation from the pharynx. Motor: Innervates the
pharyngeal muscles involved in swallowing and the parotid salivary
gland.
, ◉ Vagus Nerve (Cranial Nerve X) Answer: Mixed (Sensory and Motor)
- Sensory: Provides sensation to the throat, larynx, and thoracic and
abdominal organs. Motor: Controls most of the autonomic functions in
the body, including heart rate, digestion, and respiration.
◉ Accessory Nerve (Cranial Nerve XI) Answer: Motor - Controls the
sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, which help with head
movement and shoulder elevation.
◉ Hypoglossal Nerve (Cranial Nerve XII) Answer: Motor - Controls the
muscles of the tongue involved in speech and swallowing.
◉ Cornea Answer: Transparent, protective outer layer of the eye. It
helps focus light as it enters the eye.
◉ Pupil Answer: The opening that allows light to enter the eye. Its size
is controlled by the iris to regulate the amount of light entering.
◉ Iris Answer: The colored part of the eye that controls the size of the
pupil, adjusting the amount of light entering the eye.
◉ Lens Answer: Transparent, flexible structure that focuses light onto
the retina by changing shape (accommodation).
