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,Prefrontal Cortex Symptoms of MDD - correct ans:Concentration
Mental Fatigue
Mood
PFC & Amygdala Symptoms of MDD - correct ans:Guilt
Suicidality
Worthlessness
Striatum Symptoms of MDD - correct ans:Physical fatigue
Nucleus Accumbens Symptoms of MDD - correct ans:Pleasure interests
Hypothalamus Symptoms of MDD - correct ans:Sleep
Appetite
Thalamus & Hypothalamus Symptoms of Mania - correct ans:Decreased sleep/arousal
Striatum Symptoms of Mania - correct ans:Motor/agitation
Prefrontal cortex (PFC) Symptoms of Mania - correct ans:Risk-taking
Talkative/pressured speech
Nucleus Accumbens & PFC Symptoms of Mania - correct ans:Racing thoughts, grandiosity
PFC & Amygdala Symptoms of Mania - correct ans:Mood
Medication Management - correct ans:SSRI-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
*Inhibit 5 HT reuptake
,SNRI-Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
*inhibit 5-HT reuptake
*inhibit NE reuptake (increase energy, focus)
*increase DA in prefrontal cortex (increase cognition)
NDRI-Norepinephrine Dopamine Reuptake inhibitors
*inhibit DA reuptake (increase alertness, motivation)
*inhibit NE reuptake (increase energy)
SARI-Serotonin Antagonist Reuptake Inhibitors
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): Most adverse effects will subside after 4-5 days once the
body adjusts to increased serotonin levels. - correct ans:diarrhea
headache
weight gain
sexual side effects
Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs): Medications should not be abruptly stopped to
avoid discontinuation symptoms. NE effects of the medication may increase anxiety in some clients.
Report worsening anxiety to the provider. - correct ans:elevated blood pressure
anxiety
insomnia
constipation
Norepinephrine Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitors (NDRI): Take medication in the morning. Stop taking
medication if seizures occur. Stop taking medication if anxiety is noted. - correct ans:agitation
headache
dry mouth
constipation
weight loss
escitalopram (Lexapro) SSRI - correct ans:no known drug interactions
, best tolerated SSRI
27-32 hour half-life good for forgetful prone clients
least CYP reactions
Substrate for 3A4
citalopram (Celexa) SSRI - correct ans:mild antihistamine effects; Half-Life: 23-45 hours
Weak Inhibitor of 2D6
fluoxetine (Prozac) SSRI - correct ans:longest half-life
Use caution in patients with comorbid anxiety due to risk for activation and panic attacks
Half-Life: 2-3 days parent, 2 week metabolite
Inhibits 2D6 and 3A4
paroxetine (Paxil) SSRI - correct ans:also treats social anxiety and insomnia
associated with weight gain
will experience withdrawal with missed dose or abrupt stop
Half-Life: 24 hours
Inhibits 2D6
fluvoxamine (Luvox) SSRI - correct ans:treats anxious depression smokers require an increased dose
Half-Life: 9-28 hours
Inhibits 3A4, 2C9, 1A2
sertraline (Zoloft) SSRI - correct ans:also treats social anxiety and hypersomnolence
Half-Life: 22-36 hour parent; 62-104 hour metabolite
Inhibits 2D6 and 3A4 weakly at low doses
venlafaxine (Effexor) - correct ans:treats both depression and anxiety disorders, ensure trial of higher
dose before switching to a different medication