NUR 1172/NUR1172 Exam 4 V3 |
Nutritional Principles in Nursing Q&A with
Rationale | Rasmussen University
1. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is at 10 weeks of gestation and reports
frequent nausea. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Brush teeth immediately after eating to refresh the mouth.
B. Drink 240 mL of water with each meal.
C. Avoid snacking between meals to keep the stomach empty.
D. Eat dry crackers before getting out of bed in the morning.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Eating dry crackers or toast before rising can help absorb gastric acid
and settle the stomach in early pregnancy. Small, frequent meals are generally better
tolerated than large meals or an empty stomach. Brushing teeth immediately after eating
can sometimes trigger a gag reflex in nauseous patients.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a low-residue diet. Which of the
following food choices should the nurse recommend?
A. Poached eggs
B. Whole grain bread
C. Raw broccoli
,D. Lentil soup
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: A low-residue diet is designed to reduce the frequency and volume of
stools by limiting fiber. Poached eggs are low in fiber and easy to digest, making them an
appropriate choice. Whole grains, raw vegetables, and legumes are high in fiber and should
be avoided.
3. A nurse is teaching a parent of a 6-month-old infant about the introduction of solid foods.
Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as the first solid food?
A. Mashed bananas
B. Iron-fortified rice cereal
C. Strained carrots
D. Whole milk yogurt
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Iron-fortified infant cereal is the first solid food recommended
because infant iron stores begin to deplete around 4 to 6 months of age. Rice cereal is
usually suggested first because it is least likely to cause an allergic reaction. Once cereal is
tolerated, vegetables and fruits can be introduced one at a time.
4. A nurse is assessing a client who has dysphagia. Which of the following signs indicates the
client is experiencing silent aspiration?
A. Clearing the throat frequently
, B. Oxygen saturation levels dropping significantly
C. Persistent coughing after swallowing
D. Reddening of the face while eating
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Silent aspiration occurs without outward signs of coughing or
choking, making it difficult to detect clinically. A significant drop in oxygen saturation or a
sudden change in breath sounds can indicate that food or liquid has entered the lungs.
Nurses must monitor vital signs and lung sounds closely in clients with swallowing
difficulties.
5. A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about hypoglycemia. Which of
the following manifestations should the nurse include?
A. Increased thirst
B. Fruity breath odor
C. Shakiness and diaphoresis
D. Abdominal pain
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Hypoglycemia is characterized by low blood glucose, which triggers
the sympathetic nervous system, causing shakiness, sweating, and palpitations. Thirst and
Nutritional Principles in Nursing Q&A with
Rationale | Rasmussen University
1. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is at 10 weeks of gestation and reports
frequent nausea. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Brush teeth immediately after eating to refresh the mouth.
B. Drink 240 mL of water with each meal.
C. Avoid snacking between meals to keep the stomach empty.
D. Eat dry crackers before getting out of bed in the morning.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Eating dry crackers or toast before rising can help absorb gastric acid
and settle the stomach in early pregnancy. Small, frequent meals are generally better
tolerated than large meals or an empty stomach. Brushing teeth immediately after eating
can sometimes trigger a gag reflex in nauseous patients.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a low-residue diet. Which of the
following food choices should the nurse recommend?
A. Poached eggs
B. Whole grain bread
C. Raw broccoli
,D. Lentil soup
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: A low-residue diet is designed to reduce the frequency and volume of
stools by limiting fiber. Poached eggs are low in fiber and easy to digest, making them an
appropriate choice. Whole grains, raw vegetables, and legumes are high in fiber and should
be avoided.
3. A nurse is teaching a parent of a 6-month-old infant about the introduction of solid foods.
Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as the first solid food?
A. Mashed bananas
B. Iron-fortified rice cereal
C. Strained carrots
D. Whole milk yogurt
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Iron-fortified infant cereal is the first solid food recommended
because infant iron stores begin to deplete around 4 to 6 months of age. Rice cereal is
usually suggested first because it is least likely to cause an allergic reaction. Once cereal is
tolerated, vegetables and fruits can be introduced one at a time.
4. A nurse is assessing a client who has dysphagia. Which of the following signs indicates the
client is experiencing silent aspiration?
A. Clearing the throat frequently
, B. Oxygen saturation levels dropping significantly
C. Persistent coughing after swallowing
D. Reddening of the face while eating
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Silent aspiration occurs without outward signs of coughing or
choking, making it difficult to detect clinically. A significant drop in oxygen saturation or a
sudden change in breath sounds can indicate that food or liquid has entered the lungs.
Nurses must monitor vital signs and lung sounds closely in clients with swallowing
difficulties.
5. A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about hypoglycemia. Which of
the following manifestations should the nurse include?
A. Increased thirst
B. Fruity breath odor
C. Shakiness and diaphoresis
D. Abdominal pain
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Hypoglycemia is characterized by low blood glucose, which triggers
the sympathetic nervous system, causing shakiness, sweating, and palpitations. Thirst and
