INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ SUBCULTURE
Answer: GROUPS WHOSE VALUES NORMS OR BEHAVIORS
DISTINGUISH THEM FROM THE DOMINANT CULTURE BUT STILL
ADHERE TO
THE CORE VALUES OF THE DOMINANT CULTURE.
◉ COUNTERCULTURE
Answer: GROUPS THAT REJECT THE DOMINANT CULTURE AND
SEEK ALTERNATIVES TO THE DOMINANT CULTURE.
◉ Mores
Answer: Norms that carry strong sanctions and are considered
essential to the well-being of society.
◉ RELIABILITY
Answer: THE LIKELIHOOD THAT A PARTICULAR MEASURE WOULD
PRODUCE THE SAME RESULTS IF THE MEASURE WERE REPEATED.
, ◉ VALIDITY
Answer: THE DEGREE TO WHICH AN INDICATOR ACCURATELY
MEASURES OR REFLECTS A CONCEPT.
◉ HAWTHORNE EFFECT
Answer: SUBJECTS OF A STUDY ALTER THEIR BEHAVIOR BECAUSE
THEY KNOW THEY ARE BEING STUDIED.
◉ An advantage to using surveys is that
Answer: They can gather a lot of data quickly.
◉ What is a disadvantage of using
surveys to gather data
Answer: They are word-based rather than action-based.
◉ participant observations
Answer: advantages:
Validity - produces rich qualitative data which shows picture of how
people really live. Researcher can see for them selves
Insight - Allows researcher to gain empathy through personal
experience . By acting as a member can get insight into their
meanings, veiw points, values and problems - gives authentic data
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ SUBCULTURE
Answer: GROUPS WHOSE VALUES NORMS OR BEHAVIORS
DISTINGUISH THEM FROM THE DOMINANT CULTURE BUT STILL
ADHERE TO
THE CORE VALUES OF THE DOMINANT CULTURE.
◉ COUNTERCULTURE
Answer: GROUPS THAT REJECT THE DOMINANT CULTURE AND
SEEK ALTERNATIVES TO THE DOMINANT CULTURE.
◉ Mores
Answer: Norms that carry strong sanctions and are considered
essential to the well-being of society.
◉ RELIABILITY
Answer: THE LIKELIHOOD THAT A PARTICULAR MEASURE WOULD
PRODUCE THE SAME RESULTS IF THE MEASURE WERE REPEATED.
, ◉ VALIDITY
Answer: THE DEGREE TO WHICH AN INDICATOR ACCURATELY
MEASURES OR REFLECTS A CONCEPT.
◉ HAWTHORNE EFFECT
Answer: SUBJECTS OF A STUDY ALTER THEIR BEHAVIOR BECAUSE
THEY KNOW THEY ARE BEING STUDIED.
◉ An advantage to using surveys is that
Answer: They can gather a lot of data quickly.
◉ What is a disadvantage of using
surveys to gather data
Answer: They are word-based rather than action-based.
◉ participant observations
Answer: advantages:
Validity - produces rich qualitative data which shows picture of how
people really live. Researcher can see for them selves
Insight - Allows researcher to gain empathy through personal
experience . By acting as a member can get insight into their
meanings, veiw points, values and problems - gives authentic data
