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NSG 252 EXAM 1 TEST BANK ACTUAL EXAM (LATEST 2026
/ 2027 UPDATE) QUESTIONS & CORRECT ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
The nurse is caring for a client admitted with a diagnosis of acute kidney
injury (AKI). The client asks the nurse, "Are my kidneys failing? Will I
need a kidney transplant?" Which response by the nurse is the most
appropriate?
A) "No, don't think that. You're going to be fine."
B) "In most cases, your condition can be reversed with prompt
treatment and usually will not destroy the kidneys."
C) "Kidney transplantation is highly likely, so it would be a good idea to
start talking to your family members about organ donation."
D) "When the doctor comes to see you, we can talk about whether you
will need a transplant." ......ANSWER......Answer: B
Explanation: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often resolved without the
need for transplant if treatment is initiated quickly. There is no need to
start lining up donors or wait for the provider to arrive to explore
options. Telling the client that everything will be fine is condescending,
provides no information, and is not within the nurse's ability to know
A client diagnosed with frequent urinary tract infections is seen in the
urology clinic. The nurse reviews the client's medical history and
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determines that the client is at risk for acute kidney injury. Which items
in the client's history support this conclusion? Select all that apply.
A) Dehydration
B) Renal calculi
C) Ineffective wound healing
D) Low serum albumin
E) Hypertension ......ANSWER......Answer: A, B, E
Explanation: Dehydration, renal calculi, and hypertension can all
precipitate acute kidney injury (AKI). Ineffective wound healing has not
been shown to cause renal failure unless the infection becomes
systemic. A low serum albumin does not cause AKI.
A young school-age client is in the hospital with an acute kidney injury
diagnosis following a streptococcus infection. The client's parents
primarily speak Spanish but have a limited ability to understand English.
Through an interpreter, the parents ask the nurse what mistake they
made that caused their child to be so sick. Which response by the nurse
is the most appropriate?
A) "Your child does not eat enough dietary protein."
B) "Your child has a congenital defect that led to renal failure."
C) "Your child's renal failure has been caused by a low calcium level."
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D) "Your child's recent infection may have caused the renal failure."
......ANSWER......Answer: D
Explanation: Clients with streptococcus are at risk for kidney and cardiac
sequelae. In this case, the child has no evidence of a congenital defect
leading to acute kidney injury (AKI). A low-protein or low-calcium diet
will not lead to AKI.
The nurse is planning care for a client diagnosed with acute kidney
injury (AKI). The nurse plans the client's care based on the nursing
diagnosis of Excess Fluid Volume. Which assessment data supports this
nursing diagnosis?
A) Pitting edema in the lower extremities
B) Bowel sounds positive in four quadrants
C) Wheezing in the lungs
D) Generalized weakness ......ANSWER......Answer: A
Explanation: The client in acute kidney injury (AKI) will likely be
edematous, because the kidneys are not producing urine. Wheezing in
the lungs is an assessment consistent with asthma, not AKI. Bowel
sounds in four quadrants is a normal assessment finding. Generalized
weakness may be due to whatever disease process precipitated the
kidney failure.
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A client diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI) is receiving peritoneal
dialysis. The nurse is explaining the dialysis process to the client and
family. Which statement should the nurse include in this discussion?
A) "The peritoneum is more permeable because of the presence of
excess metabolites."
B) "The metabolites will diffuse from the interstitial space to the
bloodstream mainly through diffusion and ultrafiltration."
C) "The peritoneum acts as a semipermeable membrane through which
wastes move by diffusion and osmosis."
D) "The solutes in the dialysate will enter the bloodstream through the
peritoneum." ......ANSWER......Answer: C
Explanation: The peritoneum acts as a semipermeable membrane,
allowing substances to move from an area of high concentration (the
blood) to an area of lower concentration (the dialysate). Metabolic
waste products and excess water can be eliminated through osmosis
and diffusion using the peritoneum as the semipermeable membrane.
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI).
When reviewing the client's laboratory data, which findings should
indicate to the nurse that the client has met the expected outcomes?
Select all that apply.
A) Decreasing serum creatinine
B) Decreasing blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
pg. 4
NSG 252 EXAM 1 TEST BANK ACTUAL EXAM (LATEST 2026
/ 2027 UPDATE) QUESTIONS & CORRECT ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
The nurse is caring for a client admitted with a diagnosis of acute kidney
injury (AKI). The client asks the nurse, "Are my kidneys failing? Will I
need a kidney transplant?" Which response by the nurse is the most
appropriate?
A) "No, don't think that. You're going to be fine."
B) "In most cases, your condition can be reversed with prompt
treatment and usually will not destroy the kidneys."
C) "Kidney transplantation is highly likely, so it would be a good idea to
start talking to your family members about organ donation."
D) "When the doctor comes to see you, we can talk about whether you
will need a transplant." ......ANSWER......Answer: B
Explanation: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often resolved without the
need for transplant if treatment is initiated quickly. There is no need to
start lining up donors or wait for the provider to arrive to explore
options. Telling the client that everything will be fine is condescending,
provides no information, and is not within the nurse's ability to know
A client diagnosed with frequent urinary tract infections is seen in the
urology clinic. The nurse reviews the client's medical history and
pg. 1
,2|Page
determines that the client is at risk for acute kidney injury. Which items
in the client's history support this conclusion? Select all that apply.
A) Dehydration
B) Renal calculi
C) Ineffective wound healing
D) Low serum albumin
E) Hypertension ......ANSWER......Answer: A, B, E
Explanation: Dehydration, renal calculi, and hypertension can all
precipitate acute kidney injury (AKI). Ineffective wound healing has not
been shown to cause renal failure unless the infection becomes
systemic. A low serum albumin does not cause AKI.
A young school-age client is in the hospital with an acute kidney injury
diagnosis following a streptococcus infection. The client's parents
primarily speak Spanish but have a limited ability to understand English.
Through an interpreter, the parents ask the nurse what mistake they
made that caused their child to be so sick. Which response by the nurse
is the most appropriate?
A) "Your child does not eat enough dietary protein."
B) "Your child has a congenital defect that led to renal failure."
C) "Your child's renal failure has been caused by a low calcium level."
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,3|Page
D) "Your child's recent infection may have caused the renal failure."
......ANSWER......Answer: D
Explanation: Clients with streptococcus are at risk for kidney and cardiac
sequelae. In this case, the child has no evidence of a congenital defect
leading to acute kidney injury (AKI). A low-protein or low-calcium diet
will not lead to AKI.
The nurse is planning care for a client diagnosed with acute kidney
injury (AKI). The nurse plans the client's care based on the nursing
diagnosis of Excess Fluid Volume. Which assessment data supports this
nursing diagnosis?
A) Pitting edema in the lower extremities
B) Bowel sounds positive in four quadrants
C) Wheezing in the lungs
D) Generalized weakness ......ANSWER......Answer: A
Explanation: The client in acute kidney injury (AKI) will likely be
edematous, because the kidneys are not producing urine. Wheezing in
the lungs is an assessment consistent with asthma, not AKI. Bowel
sounds in four quadrants is a normal assessment finding. Generalized
weakness may be due to whatever disease process precipitated the
kidney failure.
pg. 3
, 4|Page
A client diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI) is receiving peritoneal
dialysis. The nurse is explaining the dialysis process to the client and
family. Which statement should the nurse include in this discussion?
A) "The peritoneum is more permeable because of the presence of
excess metabolites."
B) "The metabolites will diffuse from the interstitial space to the
bloodstream mainly through diffusion and ultrafiltration."
C) "The peritoneum acts as a semipermeable membrane through which
wastes move by diffusion and osmosis."
D) "The solutes in the dialysate will enter the bloodstream through the
peritoneum." ......ANSWER......Answer: C
Explanation: The peritoneum acts as a semipermeable membrane,
allowing substances to move from an area of high concentration (the
blood) to an area of lower concentration (the dialysate). Metabolic
waste products and excess water can be eliminated through osmosis
and diffusion using the peritoneum as the semipermeable membrane.
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI).
When reviewing the client's laboratory data, which findings should
indicate to the nurse that the client has met the expected outcomes?
Select all that apply.
A) Decreasing serum creatinine
B) Decreasing blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
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