Updated/Latest Interpersonal Relationships Professional Communication Skills for Nurses 8th Edition Arnold Test Bank Comprehensive Examination Questions and Answers Study Guide for Therapeutic Communication Professional Relationships Nursing Practice Pati

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Chapter 1: Theory
PROFESSIONAL Based Perspectives and Contemporary
COMMUNICATION SKILLS FOR Dynamics
NURSING 8th
Arnold: Interpersonal Relationships, 8th Edition
EDITION BY ARNOLD
MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. When describing nursing to a group of nursing students, the nursing instructor lists all of the J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J




following characteristics of nursing except
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a. historically nursing is as old as mankind. J J J J J J




b. nursing was originally practiced informally by religious orders dedicated to care of the
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sick.
c. nursing was later practiced in the home by female caregivers with no formal
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education.
d. nursing has always been identifiable as a distinct occupation.
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ANS: A J




Historically, nursing is as old as mankind. Originally practiced informally by religious orders
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dedicated to care of the sick and later in the home by female caregivers with no formal education,
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nursing was not identifiable as a distinct occupation until the 1854 Crimean war. There, Florence
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Nightingale’s Notes on Nursing introduced the world to the functional roles of professional
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nursing and the need for formal education.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p.1 J J J J J




TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: All phases
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MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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2. The nursing profession’s first nurse researcher, who served as an early advocate for
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high-quality care and used statistical data to document the need for handwashing in preventing
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infection, was J




a. Abraham Maslow. J




b. Martha Rogers. J




c. Hildegard Peplau. J




d. Florence Nightingale. J




ANS: D J




An early advocate for high-quality care, Florence Nightingale’s use of statistical data to document
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the need for handwashing in preventing infection marks her as the profession’s first nurse
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researcher.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.1 J J J J J




TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: All phases
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MSC: Client Needs: Management of Care
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3. Today, professional nursing education begins at the
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a. undergraduate level. J




b. graduate level. J




c. advanced practice level. J J




d. administrative level. J




ANS: A J




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, Today, professional nursing education begins at the undergraduate level, with a growing number
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of nurses choosing graduate studies to support differentiated practice roles and/or research
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opportunities. Nurses are prepared to function as advanced practice nurse practitioners, J J J J J J J J J J J




administrators, and educators. J J




DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p.2 J J J J J




TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: All phases
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MSC: Client Needs: Management of Care
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4. Nursing’s metaparadigm, or worldview, distinguishes the nursing profession from other
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disciplines and emphasizes its unique functional characteristics. The four key concepts that
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form the foundation for all nursing theories are
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a. caring, compassion, health promotion, and education. J J J J J




b. respect, integrity, honesty, and advocacy. J J J J




c. person, environment, health, and nursing. J J J J




d. nursing, teaching, caring, and health promotion. J J J J J




ANS: C J




Individual nursing theories represent different interpretations ofthe phenomenon of nursing, but
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central constructs—person, environment, health, and nursing—are found in all theories and
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models. They are referred to as nursing’s metaparadigm.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.2 J J J J J




TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: All phases
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MSC: Client Needs: Management of Care
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5. When admitting a client to the medical-surgical unit, the nurse asks the client about cultural
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issues. The nurse is demonstrating use of the concept of
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a. person.
b. environment.
c. health.
d. nursing.
ANS: B J




The concept of environment includes all cultural, developmental, and social determinants that
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influence a client’s health perceptions and behavior. A person is defined as the recipient of nursing
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care, having unique bio-psycho-social and spiritual dimensions. The word health derives from the
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word whole. Health is a multidimensional concept, having physical, psychological, sociocultural,
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developmental, and spiritual characteristics. The World Health Organization (WHO, 1946) J J J J J J J J J J




defines health as “a state of complete physical, mental, social well-being, not merelythe absence of
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disease or infirmity.” Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and the care
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of ill, disabled, and dying people.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p.3 J J J J J




TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: Assessment
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MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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6. A young mother tells the nurse, “I’m worried because my son needs a blood transfusion. I don’t
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know what to do, because blood transfusions cause AIDS.” Which central nursing construct is
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represented in this situation? J J J




a. Environment




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, b. Caring
c. Health
d. Person
ANS: D J




The concept ofenvironment includes all cultural, developmental, and social determinants that
J J J J J J J J J J J J




influence a client’s health perceptions and behavior. Caring is not one of the four central nursing
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constructs. The word health derives from the word whole. Health is a multidimensional concept,
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J




having physical, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual characteristics. The
J J J J J J J J J




World Health Organization (WHO, 1946) defines health as “a state of complete physical, mental,
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J




social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” Nursing includes the promotion
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J




of health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled, and dying people. Person is defined as
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J




the recipient of nursing care, having unique bio-psycho-social and spiritual dimensions.
J J J J J J J J J J




DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p.2 J J J J J




TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: Implementation
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MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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7. The nurse performs a dressing change using sterile technique. This is an example of which
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pattern of knowledge? J J




a. Empirical
b. Personal
c. Aesthetic
d. Ethical
ANS: A J




Empirical knowledge is the scientific rationale for skilled nursing interventions. Personal ways of
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knowing allow the nurse to understand and treat each individual as a unique person. Aesthetic ways
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ofknowing allow the nurse to connect in different and more meaningful ways. Ethical ways of
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knowing refer to the moral aspects of nursing. J J J J J J J




DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p.5 J J J J J




TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: Implementation
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MSC: Client Needs: Management of Care
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8. The nurse-client relationship as described by Hildegard Peplau
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a. would not be useful in a short-stay unit. J J J J J J J




b. allows personal and social growth to occur only for the client. J J J J J J J J J J




c. facilitates the identification and accomplishment of therapeutic goals. J J J J J J J




d. focuses on maintaining a personal relationship between the nurse and client. J J J J J J J J J J




ANS: C J




Hildegard Peplau offers the best-known nursing model for the study of interpersonal
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relationships in health care. Her model describes how the nurse-client relationship can facilitate J J J J J J J J J J J J J




the identification and accomplishment of therapeutic goals to enhance client and familywell-
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being. In contemporarypractice, Peplau’s framework is more applicable todayin longer term
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relationships, and in settings such as rehabilitation centers, long-term care, and nursing homes. J J J J J J J J J J J J J




Despite the brevity of the alliances in acute care settings, basic principles of being a participant
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observer in the relationship, building rapport, developing a working partnership, and terminating
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a relationship remain relevant.
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, DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.10 J J J J J




TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: All phases
J J J J J J J




MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
J J J J




9. The identification phase of the nurse-client relationship
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a. sets the stage for the rest of the relationship.
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b. correlates with the assessment phase of the nursing process. J J J J J J J J




c. focuses on therapeutic goals to enhance client and family well-being.
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d. uses community resources to help resolve health care issues.
J J J J J J J J




ANS: C J




Hildegard Peplau offers the best-known nursing model for the study of interpersonal
J J J J J J J J J J J J




relationships in health care. Her model describes how the nurse-client relationship can facilitate
J J J J J J J J J J J J J




the identification and accomplishment of therapeutic goals to enhance client and family well-
J J J J J J J J J J J J




being.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.10 J J J J J




TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: Implementation
J J J J J J J




MSC: Client Needs: Management of Care
J J J J J




10. Abraham Maslow's needs theory is a framework that
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a. begins with meeting basic psychosocial needs first. J J J J J J




b. ensures essential needs are satisfied, then people move into higher physiological
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areas of development. J J




c. proposes that people are motivated to meet their needs in a descending order. J J J J J J J J J J J J




d. nurses use to prioritize client needs and develop relevant nursing approaches.
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ANS: D J




Abraham Maslow's needs theoryis a framework that nurses use to prioritize client needs and
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develop relevant nursing approaches. Maslow's model proposes that people are motivated to meet
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their needs in an ascending order beginning with meeting basic survival needs. As essential needs
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are satisfied, people move into higher psychosocial areas of development.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p.10 J J J J J




TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: All phases
J J J J J J J




MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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11. Which of the following statements about communication theory is true?
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a. Primates are able to learn new languages to share ideas and feelings. J J J J J J J J J J J




b. Concepts include only verbal communication. J J J J




c. Perceptions are clarified through feedback. J J J J




d. Past experience does not influence communication.
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ANS: C J




Feedback is the only way to know that one’s perceptions about meanings are valid. Human
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communication is unique. Only human beings have large vocabularies and are capable of J J J J J J J J J J J J J




learning new languages as a means of sharing their ideas and feelings. Communication includes
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language, gestures, and symbols to convey intended meaning, exchange ideas and feelings, and
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to share significant life experience. To encode a message appropriatelyrequires a clear
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understanding of the receiver’s mental frame of reference (e.g., feelings, personal agendas, past J J J J J J J J J J J J J




experiences) and knowledge of its purpose or intent of the communication. J J J J J J J J J J




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