naloxone (Narcan)
Therapeutic: Antidote for opioids | Pharmacologic: Opioid antagonist
Schedule – Pregnancy Cat: B
Action: Blocks effect of opioids including CNS and resp. depression w/out SE
Naloxone competes with opioid agonists for mu and kappa receptors. Purenarcotic
antagonist; reverses (blocks) the effects of the opioids, including respiratory
depression, sedation, and Hypotension.
Uses: reverse respiratory depression caused by opioid OD, postoperative use to
reverse effects of opioids given during surgery. naloxone (Narcan) is given by the
nurse when the patient exhibits signs and symptoms of over sedation from opioids
i.e., RR <12, decrease LOC, hypotension, & pupil constriction. Narcan is important
to antagonize the effects of morphine and other opioids and reversing respiratory
depression and coma.
Route: IV, IM (subcut)
Absorption: well absorbed after IM or subcut. Rapidly w/ nasal mucosa
Metab/Excre: liver
,Indications: Relief of moderate to severe chronic and acute pain; preoperatively
and postoperatively and during labor
Onset of Action (Duration): IV 1-2min(45min), IM/Subcut 2-5min(>45min),
Intranasal 8-13min(unkwn)
Interactions: reversal of CNS depression and resp depression from opioid
overdose
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, use caution in: CV disease, opioid dependent
pts.
Nursing Implications and Monitoring:
Observe patient closely; duration of action of some narcotics may exceed
that of naloxone. Keep prescriber informed; repeat dose may be necessary.
May precipitate opiate withdrawal if administered to opiate dependent pt.
Note: Effects of generally start to diminish 20–40 min after administration
and usually disappear within 90 min.
Monitor respirations and other vital signs.
Monitor surgical and obstetric patients closely for bleeding.
, Has been associated with abnormal coagulation test results. Also observe
for reversal of analgesia, which may be manifested by nausea, vomiting,
sweating, tachycardia.
Side Effects: Acute narcotic abstinence syndrome (nausea, vomiting, sweating,
tachycardia, fall in blood pressure), CV: ventricular arrhythmias, hypertension,
hypotension. GI: nausea, vomiting. Muscle and joint pains, difficulty sleeping,
anxiety, headache, nervousness, withdrawal symptoms. Minimal toxicity and is pure
antagonist w/ no agonist properties.
Education: Report postoperative pain that emerges after administration of this drug
to prescriber. Educate patient and family about the use of it.
Drug Names: Evzio (hand-held auto-injector), Narcan, naltrexone (ReVia)
, fentanyl (Sublimaze)
Therapeutic: analgesic, anesthetic | Pharmacologic: Opioid agonist
Sched: II; Pregnancy Cat: B (parenteral), Cat. C (transdermal + transmucosal
forms)
Indications: opioid analgesic IV for short-duration analgesia as part of
premedication, balanced anesthesia, maintenance of anesthesia and postop pain.
Therapeutic: Antidote for opioids | Pharmacologic: Opioid antagonist
Schedule – Pregnancy Cat: B
Action: Blocks effect of opioids including CNS and resp. depression w/out SE
Naloxone competes with opioid agonists for mu and kappa receptors. Purenarcotic
antagonist; reverses (blocks) the effects of the opioids, including respiratory
depression, sedation, and Hypotension.
Uses: reverse respiratory depression caused by opioid OD, postoperative use to
reverse effects of opioids given during surgery. naloxone (Narcan) is given by the
nurse when the patient exhibits signs and symptoms of over sedation from opioids
i.e., RR <12, decrease LOC, hypotension, & pupil constriction. Narcan is important
to antagonize the effects of morphine and other opioids and reversing respiratory
depression and coma.
Route: IV, IM (subcut)
Absorption: well absorbed after IM or subcut. Rapidly w/ nasal mucosa
Metab/Excre: liver
,Indications: Relief of moderate to severe chronic and acute pain; preoperatively
and postoperatively and during labor
Onset of Action (Duration): IV 1-2min(45min), IM/Subcut 2-5min(>45min),
Intranasal 8-13min(unkwn)
Interactions: reversal of CNS depression and resp depression from opioid
overdose
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, use caution in: CV disease, opioid dependent
pts.
Nursing Implications and Monitoring:
Observe patient closely; duration of action of some narcotics may exceed
that of naloxone. Keep prescriber informed; repeat dose may be necessary.
May precipitate opiate withdrawal if administered to opiate dependent pt.
Note: Effects of generally start to diminish 20–40 min after administration
and usually disappear within 90 min.
Monitor respirations and other vital signs.
Monitor surgical and obstetric patients closely for bleeding.
, Has been associated with abnormal coagulation test results. Also observe
for reversal of analgesia, which may be manifested by nausea, vomiting,
sweating, tachycardia.
Side Effects: Acute narcotic abstinence syndrome (nausea, vomiting, sweating,
tachycardia, fall in blood pressure), CV: ventricular arrhythmias, hypertension,
hypotension. GI: nausea, vomiting. Muscle and joint pains, difficulty sleeping,
anxiety, headache, nervousness, withdrawal symptoms. Minimal toxicity and is pure
antagonist w/ no agonist properties.
Education: Report postoperative pain that emerges after administration of this drug
to prescriber. Educate patient and family about the use of it.
Drug Names: Evzio (hand-held auto-injector), Narcan, naltrexone (ReVia)
, fentanyl (Sublimaze)
Therapeutic: analgesic, anesthetic | Pharmacologic: Opioid agonist
Sched: II; Pregnancy Cat: B (parenteral), Cat. C (transdermal + transmucosal
forms)
Indications: opioid analgesic IV for short-duration analgesia as part of
premedication, balanced anesthesia, maintenance of anesthesia and postop pain.
