Exam #3 will cover: Chapter 5, 14, 15, 26, 28,
29, 30 & 31
(29/ Aldair presentation )
Chapter 5: Epidemiology - ATI book page Chapter
3 pg. 27-33
Part 2 of 3 - How do you compare the current rate with the previous rate of
disease? (Ch 5, slide 11)
• Using calculation of rates:
o Number of health events in a specified period.
o Population in same area in same specified period.
o Can make meaningful comparisons.
How would you be able to determine the ongoing prevalence of an illness?
(Ch 5, pg. 85)
• Surveillance:
o Mechanism for the ongoing collection of community health
information.
o Monitoring for changes in disease frequency is essential to effective
and responsive public health programs.
What is the host / environment / agent cycle and what is its purpose? (Ch 5,
slide 5)
• Epidemiological Triangle:
o Originally developed as a way of identifying causative factors,
transmission, and risk related to infectious diseases.
o Changes in one of the elements of the triangle can influence the
occurrence of disease by increasing or decreasing a person’s risk for
disease.
Types of immunity: (Ch 26, pg. 569)
• Natural Active
• Natural Passive
• Artificial Active
• Artificial Passive
Which transmission type does Influenza use?
• Airborne transmission
What is a vector and what transmission types exist? (Ch 26, pg. 566)
, • Vectors can be animals or arthropods, and they can transmit through
biological and mechanical routes.
Define the attack rate of Gonorrhea: (Ch 17, pg. 349)
• Gonorrhea is diagnosed more often in men, and more likely in 20 to 24-
year- olds.
• Rates for gonorrhea increased 82.6% between 2009 and 2018.
Define Epidemic: (Ch 2, pg. 21)
• Diseases that are not always present in a population but flare up on occasion
(e.g., diphtheria and measles)
Define Attack Rate: (Ch 5, slide 12)
• Proportion of persons who are exposed to an agent and develop the disease;
is often specific to an exposure.
Define Endemic: (Ch 2, pg. 21)
• Diseases that are always present in a population (e.g., colds and pneumonia)
Define Pandemic: (Ch 2, pg. 21)
• The existence of disease in a large proportion of the population: a global
epidemic (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus, acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome, and annual outbreaks of influenza type A)
What types of epidemiology does an epidemiologist use?
• Descriptive epidemiology
• Analytic exploration
• Retrospective survey
• Cohort report
Ch 14 – Environmental Health – ATI Book
pg. 15
Sick buildings:
• Assess the risk, including identifying any toxic substance.
• Train derailment in Ohio:
o An Ohio town is reckoning with the aftermath of a train derailment
that unleashed highly toxic chemicals into the air, water and ground
on Feb. 3, 2023, causing a massive fire, displacing residents and
threatening public health.
Chapter 28 violence:
What’s the most common reason why someone becomes an abusive parent:
29, 30 & 31
(29/ Aldair presentation )
Chapter 5: Epidemiology - ATI book page Chapter
3 pg. 27-33
Part 2 of 3 - How do you compare the current rate with the previous rate of
disease? (Ch 5, slide 11)
• Using calculation of rates:
o Number of health events in a specified period.
o Population in same area in same specified period.
o Can make meaningful comparisons.
How would you be able to determine the ongoing prevalence of an illness?
(Ch 5, pg. 85)
• Surveillance:
o Mechanism for the ongoing collection of community health
information.
o Monitoring for changes in disease frequency is essential to effective
and responsive public health programs.
What is the host / environment / agent cycle and what is its purpose? (Ch 5,
slide 5)
• Epidemiological Triangle:
o Originally developed as a way of identifying causative factors,
transmission, and risk related to infectious diseases.
o Changes in one of the elements of the triangle can influence the
occurrence of disease by increasing or decreasing a person’s risk for
disease.
Types of immunity: (Ch 26, pg. 569)
• Natural Active
• Natural Passive
• Artificial Active
• Artificial Passive
Which transmission type does Influenza use?
• Airborne transmission
What is a vector and what transmission types exist? (Ch 26, pg. 566)
, • Vectors can be animals or arthropods, and they can transmit through
biological and mechanical routes.
Define the attack rate of Gonorrhea: (Ch 17, pg. 349)
• Gonorrhea is diagnosed more often in men, and more likely in 20 to 24-
year- olds.
• Rates for gonorrhea increased 82.6% between 2009 and 2018.
Define Epidemic: (Ch 2, pg. 21)
• Diseases that are not always present in a population but flare up on occasion
(e.g., diphtheria and measles)
Define Attack Rate: (Ch 5, slide 12)
• Proportion of persons who are exposed to an agent and develop the disease;
is often specific to an exposure.
Define Endemic: (Ch 2, pg. 21)
• Diseases that are always present in a population (e.g., colds and pneumonia)
Define Pandemic: (Ch 2, pg. 21)
• The existence of disease in a large proportion of the population: a global
epidemic (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus, acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome, and annual outbreaks of influenza type A)
What types of epidemiology does an epidemiologist use?
• Descriptive epidemiology
• Analytic exploration
• Retrospective survey
• Cohort report
Ch 14 – Environmental Health – ATI Book
pg. 15
Sick buildings:
• Assess the risk, including identifying any toxic substance.
• Train derailment in Ohio:
o An Ohio town is reckoning with the aftermath of a train derailment
that unleashed highly toxic chemicals into the air, water and ground
on Feb. 3, 2023, causing a massive fire, displacing residents and
threatening public health.
Chapter 28 violence:
What’s the most common reason why someone becomes an abusive parent:
