NUR312 Final Study Guide Questions
With Correct Answers
Information ||related ||to ||the ||patient's ||health ||and ||medication ||history ||that ||the ||nurse ||
identifies ||as ||significant ||during ||assessment ||of ||the ||cardiovascular ||system ||is ||a ||history ||of: ||- ||
CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-use ||of ||recreational/abused ||drugs
When ||palpating ||the ||patient's ||popliteal ||pulse, ||the ||nurse ||feels ||a ||vibration ||at ||the ||sight. ||
This ||finding ||is ||recorded ||as ||a: ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Thrill ||of ||the ||popliteal ||artery
A ||patient ||is ||scheduled ||for ||exercise ||nuclear ||imaging ||stress ||testing. ||The ||nurse ||explains ||to ||
the ||patient ||that ||this ||test ||involves ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-IV ||administration ||of ||a ||
radioisotope ||of ||technetium-99 ||setamibi ||at ||the ||maximum ||heart ||rate ||during ||exercise ||to ||
identify ||areas ||of ||cardiac ||damage.
Priority ||Decision ||The ||nurse ||caring ||for ||a ||patient ||immediately ||following ||a ||transesophageal ||
echocardiogram ||(TEE) ||should ||consider ||which ||of ||these ||actions ||the ||highest ||priority? ||- ||
CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Maintain ||NPO ||status ||until ||gag ||reflex ||has ||returned.
Evaluation ||of ||ECG ||responses ||to ||normal ||activity ||over ||a ||period ||of ||a ||day ||or ||two ||is ||
performed ||with ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Holter ||monitoring
When ||caring ||for ||a ||patient ||after ||a ||cardiac ||catheterization ||with ||coronary ||angiography, ||
which ||of ||the ||following ||findings ||would ||be ||of ||most ||concern ||to ||the ||nurse? ||- ||CORRECT ||
ANSWER✔✔-Absence ||of ||pulses ||distal ||to ||the ||catheter ||insertion ||site
A ||female ||patient ||has ||a ||total ||cholesterol ||level ||of ||232 ||mg/dL ||(6.0 ||mmol/L) ||and ||a ||HDL ||
level ||of ||65 ||mg/dL ||(1.68 ||mmol/L). ||A ||male ||patient ||has ||a ||total ||cholesterol ||level ||of ||200 ||
and ||an ||HDL ||level ||of ||32. ||Based ||on ||these ||findings, ||the ||patient ||with ||the ||highest ||cardiac ||
risk ||is: ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-The ||man, ||because ||his ||cholesterol-to-HDL ||ration ||is ||higher
,Which ||of ||the ||following ||factors ||have ||value ||as ||predictors ||of ||increased ||risk ||for ||coronary ||
artery ||disease ||or ||evidence ||of ||myocardial ||injury. ||(Select ||all ||that ||apply). ||- ||CORRECT ||
ANSWER✔✔-Increased ||C-reactive ||protein
Increased ||troponin ||T ||(cTnT)
Increased ||lipoprotein-associated ||phospholipase ||A2
Secondary ||hypertension ||is ||differentiated ||from ||primary ||hypertension ||in ||that ||secondary ||
hypertension ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Has ||a ||specific ||cause, ||such ||as ||renal ||disease, ||that ||
often ||can ||be ||corrected ||by ||medicine ||or ||surgery
The ||patient ||with ||primary ||hypertension ||is ||likely ||to ||report ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-No ||
symptoms
Most ||organ ||damage ||that ||occurs ||from ||hypertension ||is ||related ||to ||- ||CORRECT ||
ANSWER✔✔-Atherosclerotic ||changes ||in ||vessels ||that ||supply ||the ||organs
The ||organ ||that ||is ||damaged ||most ||directly ||as ||a ||result ||of ||high ||SVR ||is ||the ||- ||CORRECT ||
ANSWER✔✔-Heart
Teaching ||to ||include ||dietary ||sources ||of ||potassium ||s ||indicated ||for ||the ||hypertensive ||patient
||taking ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Hydrochlorothiazide ||(HydroDiuril)
A ||patient ||with ||stage ||2 ||hypertension ||who ||is ||taking ||hydrochlorothiazide ||(HydroDiuril) ||and ||
lisinopril ||(prinivil) ||has ||prazosin ||(Minipress) ||added ||to ||the ||medication ||regimen. ||It ||is ||most ||
important ||for ||the ||nurse ||to ||teach ||the ||patient ||to ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Change ||position
||slowly ||and ||avoid ||prolonged ||standing
A ||38-year ||old ||man ||is ||treated ||for ||hypertension ||with ||amiloride/hydrochlorothiazide ||
(maxide) ||and ||metaprolol ||(Lopressor). ||Four ||months ||after ||his ||last ||clinic ||visit, ||his ||BP ||
,returns ||to ||pretreatment ||levels ||and ||he ||admits ||he ||has ||not ||been ||taking ||his ||medication ||
regularly. ||The ||best ||response ||by ||the ||nurse ||is, ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-"The ||drugs ||you ||
are ||taking ||cause ||sexual ||dysfunction ||in ||many ||patients. ||Are ||you ||experiencing ||any ||
problems ||in ||this ||are?"
When ||teaching ||a ||patient ||for ||whom ||clonidine ||(Catapres) ||has ||been ||prescribed, ||the ||nurse ||
stress ||that ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-The ||drug ||should ||never ||be ||stopped ||abruptly
The ||correct ||technique ||for ||BP ||measurements ||includes ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Taking ||
readings ||at ||least ||two ||times ||at ||least ||1 ||minute ||apart
A ||patient ||would ||be ||diagnosed ||with ||a ||hypertensive ||emergency ||when ||experiencing ||- ||
CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-A ||sudden ||rise ||in ||BP ||accompanied ||by ||neurologic ||impairment
Drugs ||that ||are ||most ||commonly ||used ||to ||treat ||hypertensive ||crisis ||include ||- ||CORRECT ||
ANSWER✔✔-Nitroglycerin ||(Tridil) ||and ||sodium ||nitroprusside ||(Nipride)
During ||treatment ||of ||a ||patient ||with ||a ||BP ||of ||210/148 ||mmHg, ||the ||nurse ||titrates ||the ||
medications ||to ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Decrease ||the ||mean ||arterial ||pressure ||(MAP) ||no ||
more ||than ||42 ||mmHg ||in ||the ||first ||hour
A ||nursing ||responsibility ||in ||the ||management ||of ||the ||patient ||with ||a ||hypertensive ||urgency ||
often ||includes ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Instructing ||the ||patient ||to ||follow ||up ||with ||a ||health
||care ||professional ||24 ||hours ||after ||outpatient ||treatment
While ||obtaining ||patient ||histories, ||the ||nurse ||identifies ||that ||the ||patient ||with ||the ||highest ||
risk ||for ||CAD ||is: ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-A ||white ||woman, ||age ||72, ||with ||a ||blood ||pressure
||of ||172/100 ||and ||who ||is ||physically ||inactive
, While ||teaching ||women ||about ||the ||risks ||and ||incidence ||of ||CAD, ||the ||nurse ||stresses ||that: ||- ||
CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-CAD ||is ||the ||leading ||cause ||of ||death ||in ||women, ||with ||a ||higher ||
mortality ||rate ||following ||myocardial ||infarction ||than ||in ||men.
The ||nurse ||is ||encouraging ||a ||sedentary ||patient ||with ||major ||risks ||for ||CAD ||to ||perform ||
physical ||exercise ||on ||a ||regular ||basis. ||In ||addition ||to ||decreasing ||the ||risk ||factor ||of ||physical ||
inactivity, ||the ||nurse ||tell ||the ||patient ||that ||exercise ||will ||also ||directly ||contribute ||to ||reducing
||the ||risk ||factor ||of: ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Hyperlipidemia ||and ||obesity
During ||a ||routine ||health ||examination, ||a ||48-year-old ||patient ||is ||found ||to ||have ||a ||total ||
cholesterol ||level ||of ||224mg/dL ||and ||an ||LDL ||level ||of ||140mg/dL. ||The ||nurse ||teaches ||the ||
patient ||that ||the ||diet ||if ||Therapeutic ||Lifestyle ||Changes ||recommends ||that ||the ||patient ||
(select ||all): ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Use ||fat-free ||milk
eliminate ||red ||meat ||from ||the ||diet
avoid ||egg ||yolks ||and ||foods ||prepared ||with ||whole ||eggs.
While ||providing ||information ||to ||patients ||to ||decrease ||the ||risk ||of ||CAD, ||the ||nurse ||uses ||the
||Therapeutic ||Lifestyle ||Changes ||diet ||for: ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-All ||patients ||to ||reduce ||
CAD ||risk
A ||62 ||year ||old ||woman ||has ||hypertension ||and ||smoke ||a ||pack ||of ||cigarettes ||per ||day. ||She ||
had ||not ||symptoms ||of ||CAD, ||but ||a ||recent ||LDL ||level ||is ||154 ||mg/dL. ||Based ||on ||these ||
findings, ||the ||nurse ||would ||expect ||that ||treatment ||for ||the ||patient ||would ||include: ||- ||
CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Diet ||therapy ||only
Angina ||occurs ||with ||myocardial ||ischemia ||as ||a ||result ||of: ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Lactic ||
acid ||accumulation ||during ||anaerobic ||metabolism
Tachycardia ||that ||is ||a ||response ||of ||the ||sympathetic ||nervous ||system ||to ||the ||pain ||of ||
ischemia ||is ||detrimental ||because ||not ||only ||does ||it ||increase ||oxygen ||demand ||but ||it: ||- ||
CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Impairs ||perfusion ||of ||the ||coronary ||arteries
With Correct Answers
Information ||related ||to ||the ||patient's ||health ||and ||medication ||history ||that ||the ||nurse ||
identifies ||as ||significant ||during ||assessment ||of ||the ||cardiovascular ||system ||is ||a ||history ||of: ||- ||
CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-use ||of ||recreational/abused ||drugs
When ||palpating ||the ||patient's ||popliteal ||pulse, ||the ||nurse ||feels ||a ||vibration ||at ||the ||sight. ||
This ||finding ||is ||recorded ||as ||a: ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Thrill ||of ||the ||popliteal ||artery
A ||patient ||is ||scheduled ||for ||exercise ||nuclear ||imaging ||stress ||testing. ||The ||nurse ||explains ||to ||
the ||patient ||that ||this ||test ||involves ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-IV ||administration ||of ||a ||
radioisotope ||of ||technetium-99 ||setamibi ||at ||the ||maximum ||heart ||rate ||during ||exercise ||to ||
identify ||areas ||of ||cardiac ||damage.
Priority ||Decision ||The ||nurse ||caring ||for ||a ||patient ||immediately ||following ||a ||transesophageal ||
echocardiogram ||(TEE) ||should ||consider ||which ||of ||these ||actions ||the ||highest ||priority? ||- ||
CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Maintain ||NPO ||status ||until ||gag ||reflex ||has ||returned.
Evaluation ||of ||ECG ||responses ||to ||normal ||activity ||over ||a ||period ||of ||a ||day ||or ||two ||is ||
performed ||with ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Holter ||monitoring
When ||caring ||for ||a ||patient ||after ||a ||cardiac ||catheterization ||with ||coronary ||angiography, ||
which ||of ||the ||following ||findings ||would ||be ||of ||most ||concern ||to ||the ||nurse? ||- ||CORRECT ||
ANSWER✔✔-Absence ||of ||pulses ||distal ||to ||the ||catheter ||insertion ||site
A ||female ||patient ||has ||a ||total ||cholesterol ||level ||of ||232 ||mg/dL ||(6.0 ||mmol/L) ||and ||a ||HDL ||
level ||of ||65 ||mg/dL ||(1.68 ||mmol/L). ||A ||male ||patient ||has ||a ||total ||cholesterol ||level ||of ||200 ||
and ||an ||HDL ||level ||of ||32. ||Based ||on ||these ||findings, ||the ||patient ||with ||the ||highest ||cardiac ||
risk ||is: ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-The ||man, ||because ||his ||cholesterol-to-HDL ||ration ||is ||higher
,Which ||of ||the ||following ||factors ||have ||value ||as ||predictors ||of ||increased ||risk ||for ||coronary ||
artery ||disease ||or ||evidence ||of ||myocardial ||injury. ||(Select ||all ||that ||apply). ||- ||CORRECT ||
ANSWER✔✔-Increased ||C-reactive ||protein
Increased ||troponin ||T ||(cTnT)
Increased ||lipoprotein-associated ||phospholipase ||A2
Secondary ||hypertension ||is ||differentiated ||from ||primary ||hypertension ||in ||that ||secondary ||
hypertension ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Has ||a ||specific ||cause, ||such ||as ||renal ||disease, ||that ||
often ||can ||be ||corrected ||by ||medicine ||or ||surgery
The ||patient ||with ||primary ||hypertension ||is ||likely ||to ||report ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-No ||
symptoms
Most ||organ ||damage ||that ||occurs ||from ||hypertension ||is ||related ||to ||- ||CORRECT ||
ANSWER✔✔-Atherosclerotic ||changes ||in ||vessels ||that ||supply ||the ||organs
The ||organ ||that ||is ||damaged ||most ||directly ||as ||a ||result ||of ||high ||SVR ||is ||the ||- ||CORRECT ||
ANSWER✔✔-Heart
Teaching ||to ||include ||dietary ||sources ||of ||potassium ||s ||indicated ||for ||the ||hypertensive ||patient
||taking ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Hydrochlorothiazide ||(HydroDiuril)
A ||patient ||with ||stage ||2 ||hypertension ||who ||is ||taking ||hydrochlorothiazide ||(HydroDiuril) ||and ||
lisinopril ||(prinivil) ||has ||prazosin ||(Minipress) ||added ||to ||the ||medication ||regimen. ||It ||is ||most ||
important ||for ||the ||nurse ||to ||teach ||the ||patient ||to ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Change ||position
||slowly ||and ||avoid ||prolonged ||standing
A ||38-year ||old ||man ||is ||treated ||for ||hypertension ||with ||amiloride/hydrochlorothiazide ||
(maxide) ||and ||metaprolol ||(Lopressor). ||Four ||months ||after ||his ||last ||clinic ||visit, ||his ||BP ||
,returns ||to ||pretreatment ||levels ||and ||he ||admits ||he ||has ||not ||been ||taking ||his ||medication ||
regularly. ||The ||best ||response ||by ||the ||nurse ||is, ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-"The ||drugs ||you ||
are ||taking ||cause ||sexual ||dysfunction ||in ||many ||patients. ||Are ||you ||experiencing ||any ||
problems ||in ||this ||are?"
When ||teaching ||a ||patient ||for ||whom ||clonidine ||(Catapres) ||has ||been ||prescribed, ||the ||nurse ||
stress ||that ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-The ||drug ||should ||never ||be ||stopped ||abruptly
The ||correct ||technique ||for ||BP ||measurements ||includes ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Taking ||
readings ||at ||least ||two ||times ||at ||least ||1 ||minute ||apart
A ||patient ||would ||be ||diagnosed ||with ||a ||hypertensive ||emergency ||when ||experiencing ||- ||
CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-A ||sudden ||rise ||in ||BP ||accompanied ||by ||neurologic ||impairment
Drugs ||that ||are ||most ||commonly ||used ||to ||treat ||hypertensive ||crisis ||include ||- ||CORRECT ||
ANSWER✔✔-Nitroglycerin ||(Tridil) ||and ||sodium ||nitroprusside ||(Nipride)
During ||treatment ||of ||a ||patient ||with ||a ||BP ||of ||210/148 ||mmHg, ||the ||nurse ||titrates ||the ||
medications ||to ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Decrease ||the ||mean ||arterial ||pressure ||(MAP) ||no ||
more ||than ||42 ||mmHg ||in ||the ||first ||hour
A ||nursing ||responsibility ||in ||the ||management ||of ||the ||patient ||with ||a ||hypertensive ||urgency ||
often ||includes ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Instructing ||the ||patient ||to ||follow ||up ||with ||a ||health
||care ||professional ||24 ||hours ||after ||outpatient ||treatment
While ||obtaining ||patient ||histories, ||the ||nurse ||identifies ||that ||the ||patient ||with ||the ||highest ||
risk ||for ||CAD ||is: ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-A ||white ||woman, ||age ||72, ||with ||a ||blood ||pressure
||of ||172/100 ||and ||who ||is ||physically ||inactive
, While ||teaching ||women ||about ||the ||risks ||and ||incidence ||of ||CAD, ||the ||nurse ||stresses ||that: ||- ||
CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-CAD ||is ||the ||leading ||cause ||of ||death ||in ||women, ||with ||a ||higher ||
mortality ||rate ||following ||myocardial ||infarction ||than ||in ||men.
The ||nurse ||is ||encouraging ||a ||sedentary ||patient ||with ||major ||risks ||for ||CAD ||to ||perform ||
physical ||exercise ||on ||a ||regular ||basis. ||In ||addition ||to ||decreasing ||the ||risk ||factor ||of ||physical ||
inactivity, ||the ||nurse ||tell ||the ||patient ||that ||exercise ||will ||also ||directly ||contribute ||to ||reducing
||the ||risk ||factor ||of: ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Hyperlipidemia ||and ||obesity
During ||a ||routine ||health ||examination, ||a ||48-year-old ||patient ||is ||found ||to ||have ||a ||total ||
cholesterol ||level ||of ||224mg/dL ||and ||an ||LDL ||level ||of ||140mg/dL. ||The ||nurse ||teaches ||the ||
patient ||that ||the ||diet ||if ||Therapeutic ||Lifestyle ||Changes ||recommends ||that ||the ||patient ||
(select ||all): ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Use ||fat-free ||milk
eliminate ||red ||meat ||from ||the ||diet
avoid ||egg ||yolks ||and ||foods ||prepared ||with ||whole ||eggs.
While ||providing ||information ||to ||patients ||to ||decrease ||the ||risk ||of ||CAD, ||the ||nurse ||uses ||the
||Therapeutic ||Lifestyle ||Changes ||diet ||for: ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-All ||patients ||to ||reduce ||
CAD ||risk
A ||62 ||year ||old ||woman ||has ||hypertension ||and ||smoke ||a ||pack ||of ||cigarettes ||per ||day. ||She ||
had ||not ||symptoms ||of ||CAD, ||but ||a ||recent ||LDL ||level ||is ||154 ||mg/dL. ||Based ||on ||these ||
findings, ||the ||nurse ||would ||expect ||that ||treatment ||for ||the ||patient ||would ||include: ||- ||
CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Diet ||therapy ||only
Angina ||occurs ||with ||myocardial ||ischemia ||as ||a ||result ||of: ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Lactic ||
acid ||accumulation ||during ||anaerobic ||metabolism
Tachycardia ||that ||is ||a ||response ||of ||the ||sympathetic ||nervous ||system ||to ||the ||pain ||of ||
ischemia ||is ||detrimental ||because ||not ||only ||does ||it ||increase ||oxygen ||demand ||but ||it: ||- ||
CORRECT ||ANSWER✔✔-Impairs ||perfusion ||of ||the ||coronary ||arteries
