🧠🎯 Pediatric💥Nursing Flashcards
✅
Final Exam Focused |
– Deck 1
NCLEX Critical Topics | One concept per card
🟦 Flashcard 1
Front:
What is the most common cause of respiratory arrest in pediatric patients?
Back:
🩺
Airway obstruction from infection, foreign body, or asthma.
⚠️🎯Assess for: stridor, wheezing, use of accessory muscles
Intervene: suction, oxygen, position airway
NCLEX Tip: Pediatric arrest is respiratory > cardiac in origin!
🟦 Flashcard 2
Front:
Signs & symptoms of Croup and priority interventions?
🩸
Back:
🛏️🚫S/S: Barking cough, inspiratory stridor, hoarseness
Interventions: Cool mist, racemic epinephrine, corticosteroids
🧠 Do not inspect throat with tongue blade → risk of laryngospasm
Usually viral, seen in toddlers
🟦 Flashcard 3
Front:
What is the cardinal sign of epiglottitis and what action should the nurse avoid?
🛑
Back:
🚫 Sign: Drooling, tripod position, high fever, sudden onset
📞
💡
Avoid: Tongue blade/throat exam
Call rapid response → prepare for airway support
Caused by Haemophilus influenzae type B (HiB)
🟦 Flashcard 4
,Front:
What are the assessment priorities for a child with a congenital heart defect (e.g., Tetralogy of
Fallot)?
💗
Back:
🫁 Look for: cyanosis, fatigue with feeding, failure to thrive
🩸
🛏️💡
Auscultate for murmurs
Monitor O₂ sats, assess clubbing
Interventions: cluster care, feed slowly, supplement calories
TET SPELL = squat or knee-chest position to improve oxygenation
🟦 Flashcard 5
Front:
Define TET spells and how to manage them
🔻
Back:
🛏️🎯Cyanotic episode in TOF during crying/feeding
Management: Knee-to-chest, oxygen, morphine, calm child
NCLEX Tip: Reduces systemic vascular resistance → improves shunting
🟦 Flashcard 6
Front:
What are the signs of dehydration in infants and children?
💧
Back:
🩸 Dry mucous membranes, sunken fontanel, poor skin turgor
🧪
⚠️🧠
Tachycardia, irritability, delayed cap refill
Labs: ↑ BUN, ↑ Hct, specific gravity ↑
Risk: hypovolemic shock
Monitor: weight changes, I&Os
🟦 Flashcard 7
Front:
Why is a high-risk neonate given Vitamin K at birth?
🩺
Back:
🧬 Prevents Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB)
💉
🚫
Newborns have low clotting factor production due to immature liver
Given IM in vastus lateralis
Without it → risk of intracranial hemorrhage
, 🟦 Flashcard 8
Front:
What causes pyloric stenosis and what is the hallmark symptom?
💢
Back:
🚼 Hypertrophy of pyloric muscle → gastric outlet obstruction
🩺
🧪
Projectile vomiting after feeds
Palpable “olive-shaped” mass in RUQ
📅 Labs: Metabolic alkalosis, dehydration
Occurs ~2–6 weeks of life
🟦 Flashcard 9
Front:
What are nursing priorities for seizure precautions in children?
🛏️🧴
Back:
Side rails up & padded, bed in low position
🕒
🚫
Suction + O₂ ready at bedside
Time the seizure
🧠 Never place anything in mouth
Document onset, duration, and postictal state
🟦 Flashcard 10
Front:
What is the difference between CPAP and BiPAP, and when are they used in peds?
💨
Back:
💨 CPAP = Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (for OSA, mild RDS)
🧠 BiPAP = Bi-level Pressure (for severe respiratory distress or CO₂ retention)
Think BiPAP for Biphasic breathing issues
🟨 Flashcard 11
Front:
What are the key signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in infants and children?
👶
Back:
🧒 Infants: Bulging fontanel, high-pitched cry, poor feeding, increased head circumference
⚠️🧠Children: Headache, vomiting, blurred vision, lethargy
Late sign: Cushing's triad (↑BP, ↓HR, ↓RR)
Assess for irritability, LOC changes, pupil changes
✅
Final Exam Focused |
– Deck 1
NCLEX Critical Topics | One concept per card
🟦 Flashcard 1
Front:
What is the most common cause of respiratory arrest in pediatric patients?
Back:
🩺
Airway obstruction from infection, foreign body, or asthma.
⚠️🎯Assess for: stridor, wheezing, use of accessory muscles
Intervene: suction, oxygen, position airway
NCLEX Tip: Pediatric arrest is respiratory > cardiac in origin!
🟦 Flashcard 2
Front:
Signs & symptoms of Croup and priority interventions?
🩸
Back:
🛏️🚫S/S: Barking cough, inspiratory stridor, hoarseness
Interventions: Cool mist, racemic epinephrine, corticosteroids
🧠 Do not inspect throat with tongue blade → risk of laryngospasm
Usually viral, seen in toddlers
🟦 Flashcard 3
Front:
What is the cardinal sign of epiglottitis and what action should the nurse avoid?
🛑
Back:
🚫 Sign: Drooling, tripod position, high fever, sudden onset
📞
💡
Avoid: Tongue blade/throat exam
Call rapid response → prepare for airway support
Caused by Haemophilus influenzae type B (HiB)
🟦 Flashcard 4
,Front:
What are the assessment priorities for a child with a congenital heart defect (e.g., Tetralogy of
Fallot)?
💗
Back:
🫁 Look for: cyanosis, fatigue with feeding, failure to thrive
🩸
🛏️💡
Auscultate for murmurs
Monitor O₂ sats, assess clubbing
Interventions: cluster care, feed slowly, supplement calories
TET SPELL = squat or knee-chest position to improve oxygenation
🟦 Flashcard 5
Front:
Define TET spells and how to manage them
🔻
Back:
🛏️🎯Cyanotic episode in TOF during crying/feeding
Management: Knee-to-chest, oxygen, morphine, calm child
NCLEX Tip: Reduces systemic vascular resistance → improves shunting
🟦 Flashcard 6
Front:
What are the signs of dehydration in infants and children?
💧
Back:
🩸 Dry mucous membranes, sunken fontanel, poor skin turgor
🧪
⚠️🧠
Tachycardia, irritability, delayed cap refill
Labs: ↑ BUN, ↑ Hct, specific gravity ↑
Risk: hypovolemic shock
Monitor: weight changes, I&Os
🟦 Flashcard 7
Front:
Why is a high-risk neonate given Vitamin K at birth?
🩺
Back:
🧬 Prevents Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB)
💉
🚫
Newborns have low clotting factor production due to immature liver
Given IM in vastus lateralis
Without it → risk of intracranial hemorrhage
, 🟦 Flashcard 8
Front:
What causes pyloric stenosis and what is the hallmark symptom?
💢
Back:
🚼 Hypertrophy of pyloric muscle → gastric outlet obstruction
🩺
🧪
Projectile vomiting after feeds
Palpable “olive-shaped” mass in RUQ
📅 Labs: Metabolic alkalosis, dehydration
Occurs ~2–6 weeks of life
🟦 Flashcard 9
Front:
What are nursing priorities for seizure precautions in children?
🛏️🧴
Back:
Side rails up & padded, bed in low position
🕒
🚫
Suction + O₂ ready at bedside
Time the seizure
🧠 Never place anything in mouth
Document onset, duration, and postictal state
🟦 Flashcard 10
Front:
What is the difference between CPAP and BiPAP, and when are they used in peds?
💨
Back:
💨 CPAP = Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (for OSA, mild RDS)
🧠 BiPAP = Bi-level Pressure (for severe respiratory distress or CO₂ retention)
Think BiPAP for Biphasic breathing issues
🟨 Flashcard 11
Front:
What are the key signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in infants and children?
👶
Back:
🧒 Infants: Bulging fontanel, high-pitched cry, poor feeding, increased head circumference
⚠️🧠Children: Headache, vomiting, blurred vision, lethargy
Late sign: Cushing's triad (↑BP, ↓HR, ↓RR)
Assess for irritability, LOC changes, pupil changes
