Illinois State University

Learning - Answer a process that expresses itself as an adaptive change in behavior that results from experience Memory - Answer the encoding, consolidation and retrieval of information about past experiences. It is needed for learning to take place "Flashbulb Memory" - Answer A type of memory that recalls important stressful events (e.g. 9/11 terrorist attacks, Vegas shooting, etc) -Could be more frequently rehearsed, or more strongly encoded One-Trial Learning - Answer...

Autonomic Responses - Answer Sympathetic nervous system arousal: fight or flight reaction Hormonal Responses to Stress, threat - Answer Hypothalamus —> Anterior Pituitary Gland —> Adrenal Cortex —> elevates blood sugar and metabolic rate, prepares body to respond Hypothalamus in hormonal response - Answer Releases CRF (Corticotrophin Releasing Factor) Anterior Pituitary Gland i'm hormonal response - Answer Releases ACTH (AdrenoCorticoTropic Hormone) Adre...

The Mind-Body "Problem" - Answer The relationship between the body and behavior (physical and observable) to the mind (or psyche/consciousness [self-awareness]: thoughts, feelings, emotions, or soul) Dualism - Answer Idea that mind and body are separatebut interact with each other Monism - Answer Idea that the mind and body are made up of one substance Physiological Psychology - Answer a science that relies on reduction (explanations using simple elements) and generali...

Cell Theory - Answer All living organisms are made up of one or more cells and all cells arise from other preexisting cells Cell - Answer smallest unit of life that can function independently and preform all the necessary functions of life including reproducing Eukaryotic Cell - Answer a cell that has a central control structure called a nucleus which contains the DNA Prokaryotic Cell - Answer a cell that does not have a nucleus; the DNA simply resides in the middle of the c...

Macro evolution - Answer the descent of different species from a common ancestor over many generations analogous structures - Answer Body parts that share a common function, but not structure applied science - Answer aims to use science to solve problems basic science - Answer seeks to expand knowledge regardless of the application theory - Answer an explanation that can be used to explain a broad set of phenomena hypothesis - Answer a proposed explanation for a ...

-the double helix -adenine pairs with thymine - they form 2 hydrogen bonds together -guanine pairs with cytosine - they form 3 hydrogen bonds together - Answer What is the structure of DNA called? the central dogma - Answer while genetic information is transferred from parent to offspring via DNA duplication, genetic information is transferred from DNA to RNA (which is called transcription) and then RNA to protein (which is called translation) translation - Answer RNA tra...

Structure of a typical viral particle? - Answer -nucleic acid with either DNA or RNA -surronder by a capsized of protein -sometimes embellishments (a viral envelope outside the capsid) How do viruses infect cells? - Answer attach themselves to the host cell -by injection of their nucleic acid into the host cell -by the host cell engulfing the virus Why is a virus considered "not" alive? - Answer -they lack the ability to reproduce/replicate -so it is highjacking the c...

Independent Variable Dependent Variable Control Data - Answer The 4 parts of the experiment in the Scientific Method 1. Ask a question 2. Do background research 3. Construct a hypothesis 4. Test hypothesis with an experiment 5. Analyze data and draw a conclusion 6. Report your results (was the hypothesis correct?) - Answer What the Scientific Method consists of (6 steps) Independent variable - Answer the variable that remains unchanged by other factors Dependent variabl...

Living organisms share a number of characteristics. These unifying characteristics separate them from non-living things. For each of the following statements, check the statements that correctly distinguish living things from non-living things. - Answer All living organisms are made up of one or more cells. All living organisms reproduce by passing on specific genetic information to future generations. Only living organisms (populations) are capable of evolving. Only living organisms requi...

- it is heavily oversimplified - a scientist cannot explain a hypothesis with one experiment - science is not at all linear (it is a "sloppy circle") - this implies that it is an independent effort, which it is not - it isn't always a planned experiment (serendipity) - it ignores technology and and societies developing nature - Answer Describe why the scientific method is inadequate of describing what science is. - it is not just a theory - an individual organism cannot ...