Rio Salado BIO202 Final Exam
Alimentary canal - answer mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large
intestine
Accessory digestive organs - answer teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary glands, liver,
pancreas
How many teeth do human adults have? - answer32
What teeth are most effective in chewing? - answer molars
Mastication - answer chewing
Deglutition - answer swallowing
What is the name for the part of the mouth that your tongue presses against when
swallowing? - answerhard palate
Where does the small intestine extend from? - answerpyloric sphincter to the illeocecal
valve
Microvilli - answerincrease surface area of the small intestine for nutrient absorption
What do chief cells produce? - answerPepsinogen
Segmentation - answermixes food with digestive juices and increases the efficiency of
absorption by repeatedly moving different parts of the food mass over the intestinal wall
Absorption - answerpassage of digested end products from the lumen of the GI tract
through the mucosal cells by active or passive transport into the blood or lymph; small
intestine is the major absorptive site
Defecation - answereliminates indigestible substancese from the body via the anus in
the form of feces
What are the controls of the digestive system? - answerextrinsic and intrinsic
What extends from each kidney? - answera ureter
Renal pyramids - answercone shaped section in the medulla section of the kidney
Kidney pelvis - answerflat, tunnel shaped tube that is continuous with the ureter
, Nephron - answerfunctional and structural unit of the kidney; each nephron is attached
to a collecting duct
Bowman's capsule - answerblind ended portion of the renal tubule, enclosing the
glomerulus
Glomerulus - answera tuft of capillaries supplying each nephron; site of filtration
formation
What does the renal tubule continue on to become? - answerthe proximal convoluted
tubules, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
Glomerular filtration rate - answervolume of filtrate formed each minute by all the
nephrons
Proximal convoluted tubule - answerprimary site of tubular reabsorption
Distal convoluted tubule - answersecondarily important site of tubular reabsorption
Collecting duct - answerstructure that conveys the processed filtrate (urine) to the renal
pelvis
Peritubular capillaries - answerblood supply that directly receives substances from the
tubular cells
Glomerular capsule - answerits inner (visceral) membrane forms part of the filtration
membrane
Trace the anatomical pathway from the glomerular capsule to the urethra -
answerGlomerular capsule --> proximal convoluted tubule --> loop of henle distal
convoluted tubule --> collecting tubule --> papillary duct --> minor calyx --> major calyx
--> renal pelvis --> ureter --> bladder --> urethra
Is the capillary bed high or low pressure? Why? - answerHigh-pressure because it is
both fed and drained by arterioles and the afferent arteriole has a larger diameter than
the efferent arteriole
Tubular secretion - answerprocess of moving substances from the tubule cells of from
the peritubular capillary blood into the tubule filtrate
Renal capsule - answersmooth membrane; tightly adherent to the kidney surface
Medulla - answerportion of the kidney containing mostly collecting ducts
Alimentary canal - answer mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large
intestine
Accessory digestive organs - answer teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary glands, liver,
pancreas
How many teeth do human adults have? - answer32
What teeth are most effective in chewing? - answer molars
Mastication - answer chewing
Deglutition - answer swallowing
What is the name for the part of the mouth that your tongue presses against when
swallowing? - answerhard palate
Where does the small intestine extend from? - answerpyloric sphincter to the illeocecal
valve
Microvilli - answerincrease surface area of the small intestine for nutrient absorption
What do chief cells produce? - answerPepsinogen
Segmentation - answermixes food with digestive juices and increases the efficiency of
absorption by repeatedly moving different parts of the food mass over the intestinal wall
Absorption - answerpassage of digested end products from the lumen of the GI tract
through the mucosal cells by active or passive transport into the blood or lymph; small
intestine is the major absorptive site
Defecation - answereliminates indigestible substancese from the body via the anus in
the form of feces
What are the controls of the digestive system? - answerextrinsic and intrinsic
What extends from each kidney? - answera ureter
Renal pyramids - answercone shaped section in the medulla section of the kidney
Kidney pelvis - answerflat, tunnel shaped tube that is continuous with the ureter
, Nephron - answerfunctional and structural unit of the kidney; each nephron is attached
to a collecting duct
Bowman's capsule - answerblind ended portion of the renal tubule, enclosing the
glomerulus
Glomerulus - answera tuft of capillaries supplying each nephron; site of filtration
formation
What does the renal tubule continue on to become? - answerthe proximal convoluted
tubules, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
Glomerular filtration rate - answervolume of filtrate formed each minute by all the
nephrons
Proximal convoluted tubule - answerprimary site of tubular reabsorption
Distal convoluted tubule - answersecondarily important site of tubular reabsorption
Collecting duct - answerstructure that conveys the processed filtrate (urine) to the renal
pelvis
Peritubular capillaries - answerblood supply that directly receives substances from the
tubular cells
Glomerular capsule - answerits inner (visceral) membrane forms part of the filtration
membrane
Trace the anatomical pathway from the glomerular capsule to the urethra -
answerGlomerular capsule --> proximal convoluted tubule --> loop of henle distal
convoluted tubule --> collecting tubule --> papillary duct --> minor calyx --> major calyx
--> renal pelvis --> ureter --> bladder --> urethra
Is the capillary bed high or low pressure? Why? - answerHigh-pressure because it is
both fed and drained by arterioles and the afferent arteriole has a larger diameter than
the efferent arteriole
Tubular secretion - answerprocess of moving substances from the tubule cells of from
the peritubular capillary blood into the tubule filtrate
Renal capsule - answersmooth membrane; tightly adherent to the kidney surface
Medulla - answerportion of the kidney containing mostly collecting ducts
