BIOS256 / BIOS 256 Anatomy & Physiology IV
with Lab | Review Questions with Verified
Answers | 100% Correct | GradedA+ WITH
ABOVE 80+ QUESTIONS WITH APPROVED
RATIONALES
Question:
Which of the following enzymes are found in saliva?
A. Pepsin and trypsin
B. Amylase and lipase
C. Maltase and lactase
D. Pepsin and lipase
Answer:
B
Rationale:
Saliva contains amylase, which begins carbohydrate digestion, and lingual lipase, which
initiates fat digestion.
Question:
What is the primary function of salivary amylase?
A. Protein digestion
B. Fat emulsification
C. Starch digestion
D. Vitamin absorption
Answer:
C
Rationale:
Salivary amylase breaks down starch into smaller carbohydrate molecules, starting digestion
in the mouth.
,Question:
Lingual lipase primarily breaks down which substance?
A. Proteins
B. Disaccharides
C. Triglycerides
D. Amino acids
Answer:
C
Rationale:
Lingual lipase acts on triglycerides, initiating fat digestion before reaching the stomach.
Question:
The term deglutition refers to
A. Digestion
B. Swallowing
C. Peristalsis
D. Absorption
Answer:
B
Rationale:
Deglutition is the coordinated process of swallowing that moves food from the mouth to the
stomach.
Question:
What is the main function of the lower esophageal sphincter?
A. Mixes food with enzymes
B. Absorbs nutrients
C. Prevents backflow of stomach contents
D. Produces mucus
Answer:
C
Rationale:
The lower esophageal sphincter prevents gastric contents from refluxing into the esophagus.
,Question:
Failure of the lower esophageal sphincter most commonly results in
A. Ulcer formation
B. Constipation
C. Acid reflux
D. Malabsorption
Answer:
C
Rationale:
When the sphincter does not close properly, stomach acid can flow backward into the
esophagus, causing reflux.
Question:
Parietal cells of the stomach secrete
A. Pepsinogen and mucus
B. Bile and enzymes
C. Hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor
D. Trypsin and bicarbonate
Answer:
C
Rationale:
Parietal cells produce hydrochloric acid to aid digestion and intrinsic factor to allow vitamin
B₁₂ absorption.
Question:
Intrinsic factor is necessary for the absorption of
A. Iron
B. Calcium
C. Vitamin B₁₂
D. Vitamin C
Answer:
C
Rationale:
Intrinsic factor binds vitamin B₁₂, enabling its absorption in the ileum.
, Question:
Hydrochloric acid in the stomach helps digestion by
A. Neutralizing enzymes
B. Activating pepsin
C. Emulsifying fats
D. Absorbing nutrients
Answer:
B
Rationale:
Hydrochloric acid converts pepsinogen into pepsin and creates an acidic environment
necessary for protein digestion.
Which term best describes the elimination of feces from the body?
A. Ingestion
B. Absorption
C. Defecation
D. Segmentation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Defecation is the final step of digestion and refers specifically to the elimination
of feces from the rectum.
What is the defecation reflex?
A. A voluntary contraction of abdominal muscles
B. An involuntary response promoting or inhibiting bowel movement
C. A hormonal response from the colon
D. A reflex that digests proteins
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The defecation reflex is an involuntary neural response of the lower bowels that
can promote or delay bowel movements.
What does the term deglutition mean?
A. Digestion
B. Swallowing
C. Chewing
D. Absorption
with Lab | Review Questions with Verified
Answers | 100% Correct | GradedA+ WITH
ABOVE 80+ QUESTIONS WITH APPROVED
RATIONALES
Question:
Which of the following enzymes are found in saliva?
A. Pepsin and trypsin
B. Amylase and lipase
C. Maltase and lactase
D. Pepsin and lipase
Answer:
B
Rationale:
Saliva contains amylase, which begins carbohydrate digestion, and lingual lipase, which
initiates fat digestion.
Question:
What is the primary function of salivary amylase?
A. Protein digestion
B. Fat emulsification
C. Starch digestion
D. Vitamin absorption
Answer:
C
Rationale:
Salivary amylase breaks down starch into smaller carbohydrate molecules, starting digestion
in the mouth.
,Question:
Lingual lipase primarily breaks down which substance?
A. Proteins
B. Disaccharides
C. Triglycerides
D. Amino acids
Answer:
C
Rationale:
Lingual lipase acts on triglycerides, initiating fat digestion before reaching the stomach.
Question:
The term deglutition refers to
A. Digestion
B. Swallowing
C. Peristalsis
D. Absorption
Answer:
B
Rationale:
Deglutition is the coordinated process of swallowing that moves food from the mouth to the
stomach.
Question:
What is the main function of the lower esophageal sphincter?
A. Mixes food with enzymes
B. Absorbs nutrients
C. Prevents backflow of stomach contents
D. Produces mucus
Answer:
C
Rationale:
The lower esophageal sphincter prevents gastric contents from refluxing into the esophagus.
,Question:
Failure of the lower esophageal sphincter most commonly results in
A. Ulcer formation
B. Constipation
C. Acid reflux
D. Malabsorption
Answer:
C
Rationale:
When the sphincter does not close properly, stomach acid can flow backward into the
esophagus, causing reflux.
Question:
Parietal cells of the stomach secrete
A. Pepsinogen and mucus
B. Bile and enzymes
C. Hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor
D. Trypsin and bicarbonate
Answer:
C
Rationale:
Parietal cells produce hydrochloric acid to aid digestion and intrinsic factor to allow vitamin
B₁₂ absorption.
Question:
Intrinsic factor is necessary for the absorption of
A. Iron
B. Calcium
C. Vitamin B₁₂
D. Vitamin C
Answer:
C
Rationale:
Intrinsic factor binds vitamin B₁₂, enabling its absorption in the ileum.
, Question:
Hydrochloric acid in the stomach helps digestion by
A. Neutralizing enzymes
B. Activating pepsin
C. Emulsifying fats
D. Absorbing nutrients
Answer:
B
Rationale:
Hydrochloric acid converts pepsinogen into pepsin and creates an acidic environment
necessary for protein digestion.
Which term best describes the elimination of feces from the body?
A. Ingestion
B. Absorption
C. Defecation
D. Segmentation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Defecation is the final step of digestion and refers specifically to the elimination
of feces from the rectum.
What is the defecation reflex?
A. A voluntary contraction of abdominal muscles
B. An involuntary response promoting or inhibiting bowel movement
C. A hormonal response from the colon
D. A reflex that digests proteins
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The defecation reflex is an involuntary neural response of the lower bowels that
can promote or delay bowel movements.
What does the term deglutition mean?
A. Digestion
B. Swallowing
C. Chewing
D. Absorption
