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SOC 202 Shriver Exam 1 Questions and
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Culture Ans: Beliefs, behaviors and products common to members of a
particular group. Including values, customs, language, rules or tools
High Culture Ans: classical music, opera, ballet, live theater, and other
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activities usually patronized by elite audiences
popular culture Ans: spectator sports, TV, popular music typically
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pursued by middle and lower class
Material culture Ans: the physical things created by members of a
society that shape their lives
nonmaterial culture Ans: The beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values of
a group of people.
cultural transmission Ans: the process by which one generation passes
culture to the next
Values Ans: the ideas, beliefs, and attitudes about what is important
that help guide the way you live
Norms Ans: rules and expectations by which a society guides the
behavior of its members
Summer's typology of norms Ans: Folkways, Mores, Taboo, Laws
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Folkways Ans: norms that are not strictly enforced, ex. coming to class
late
Mores Ans: strongly held norms, the violation of which seriously offends
the standards of acceptable conduct of most people within a particular
culture, ex. coming to class naked
Taboo Ans: behavior that is forbidden and highly offensive, ex. rape,
incest, murder
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Laws Ans: expectations for behavior that have been put into law, ex.
may include mores and taboos
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Ethnocentrism Ans: belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group
Subcultures Ans: subgroups within the larger, or national, culture with
unique values, ideas, and attitudes, ex. amish - rejection of technology
Countercultures Ans: groups that reject and oppose society's widely
accepted cultural patterns, ex. young gang members?
Socialization Ans: Process people learn values, norms and roles of their
culture
Nature vs. Nurture Ans: name for a controversy in which it is debated
whether genetics or environment is responsible for driving behavior
social construction of reality Ans: the use of background assumptions
and life experiences to define what is real