NU 185
EXAM 4
3
NCLEX Style Questions w/ Rationales
Medical-Surgical Nursing II
Galen College of Nursing
This Document Description:
This document contains NCLEX-style Exam
questions tailored to the NU 185 course at
Galen College of Nursing
It covers core topics assessed in the course
and reflects the actual exam format and question style.
Each question is followed by a correct answer and rationale
to support exam preparation.
,A 78-year-old male presents with a hip fracture from a
minor fall. Which underlying process likely contributed to
the injury?
A. Loss of osteoblast activity due to aging
B. Elevated estrogen causing calcium loss
C. High testosterone leading to bone thinning
D. Calcium accumulation in the bloodstream
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Senile osteoporosis occurs due to age-related decline
in osteoblast activity, leading to decreased bone formation and
increased fracture risk.
Which intervention would best reduce the client's
modifiable risk for developing osteoporosis?
A. Encouraging adequate sun exposure and physical
activity
B. Administering corticosteroids for chronic joint pain
C. Recommending a high-protein, low-calcium diet
D. Suggesting strict bedrest during illness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weight-bearing exercise and vitamin D synthesis via
sun exposure help maintain bone health. Bedrest and
corticosteroids increase risk.
The nurse should monitor a client on long-term
corticosteroid therapy for signs of which complication?
A. Increased joint flexibility
B. Enhanced bone growth
C. Osteoporosis and pathologic fractures
D. Hyperpigmentation of the skin
,Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Corticosteroids interfere with calcium absorption and
increase bone resorption, placing clients at high risk for
osteoporosis.
Which client would most likely benefit from bone mineral
density (BMD) screening?
A. A 33-year-old pregnant woman
B. A 42-year-old male with hypertension
C. A 67-year-old female with a family history of hip
fractures
D. A 21-year-old female athlete
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Screening is recommended for women ≥65, and
earlier for those with risk factors, such as a family history of
osteoporosis or fractures.
A nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with
osteoporosis about management. Which statement by the
client indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I should take calcium and vitamin D supplements as
prescribed."
B. "I will begin walking every day for at least 30 minutes."
C. "I'll avoid all physical activity to prevent breaking a
bone."
D. "I'll limit alcohol and stop smoking."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight-bearing exercise is essential to help slow bone
loss. Avoiding physical activity increases risk for fractures due to
muscle and bone weakening.
Which nutritional recommendation should the nurse
include in a teaching plan for a client with osteoporosis?
, A. Increase intake of carbonated beverages
B. Avoid dairy products to reduce inflammation
C. Include leafy greens, sardines, and fortified cereals
D. Follow a low-calcium, low-phosphorus diet
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: These foods are high in calcium and vitamin D, which
support bone health. Carbonated drinks may decrease calcium
absorption.
The nurse is assessing a client with osteoporosis. Which
finding is most concerning and requires immediate action?
A. Kyphosis and height loss
B. Complaint of dull back pain
C. Sudden severe pain after coughing
D. Decreased appetite and fatigue
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sudden severe pain after minor movement (like
coughing) may indicate a pathologic fracture, which is a medical
priority.
The nurse is explaining bone density testing to a client.
Which statement about quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is
correct?
A. "It's the most accurate way to assess your bone
health."
B. "It exposes you to a moderate amount of radiation."
C. "It is inexpensive and can be done without radiation."
D. "It requires sedation and hospital admission."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: QUS is a low-cost, radiation-free, portable tool used
EXAM 4
3
NCLEX Style Questions w/ Rationales
Medical-Surgical Nursing II
Galen College of Nursing
This Document Description:
This document contains NCLEX-style Exam
questions tailored to the NU 185 course at
Galen College of Nursing
It covers core topics assessed in the course
and reflects the actual exam format and question style.
Each question is followed by a correct answer and rationale
to support exam preparation.
,A 78-year-old male presents with a hip fracture from a
minor fall. Which underlying process likely contributed to
the injury?
A. Loss of osteoblast activity due to aging
B. Elevated estrogen causing calcium loss
C. High testosterone leading to bone thinning
D. Calcium accumulation in the bloodstream
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Senile osteoporosis occurs due to age-related decline
in osteoblast activity, leading to decreased bone formation and
increased fracture risk.
Which intervention would best reduce the client's
modifiable risk for developing osteoporosis?
A. Encouraging adequate sun exposure and physical
activity
B. Administering corticosteroids for chronic joint pain
C. Recommending a high-protein, low-calcium diet
D. Suggesting strict bedrest during illness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weight-bearing exercise and vitamin D synthesis via
sun exposure help maintain bone health. Bedrest and
corticosteroids increase risk.
The nurse should monitor a client on long-term
corticosteroid therapy for signs of which complication?
A. Increased joint flexibility
B. Enhanced bone growth
C. Osteoporosis and pathologic fractures
D. Hyperpigmentation of the skin
,Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Corticosteroids interfere with calcium absorption and
increase bone resorption, placing clients at high risk for
osteoporosis.
Which client would most likely benefit from bone mineral
density (BMD) screening?
A. A 33-year-old pregnant woman
B. A 42-year-old male with hypertension
C. A 67-year-old female with a family history of hip
fractures
D. A 21-year-old female athlete
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Screening is recommended for women ≥65, and
earlier for those with risk factors, such as a family history of
osteoporosis or fractures.
A nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with
osteoporosis about management. Which statement by the
client indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I should take calcium and vitamin D supplements as
prescribed."
B. "I will begin walking every day for at least 30 minutes."
C. "I'll avoid all physical activity to prevent breaking a
bone."
D. "I'll limit alcohol and stop smoking."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight-bearing exercise is essential to help slow bone
loss. Avoiding physical activity increases risk for fractures due to
muscle and bone weakening.
Which nutritional recommendation should the nurse
include in a teaching plan for a client with osteoporosis?
, A. Increase intake of carbonated beverages
B. Avoid dairy products to reduce inflammation
C. Include leafy greens, sardines, and fortified cereals
D. Follow a low-calcium, low-phosphorus diet
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: These foods are high in calcium and vitamin D, which
support bone health. Carbonated drinks may decrease calcium
absorption.
The nurse is assessing a client with osteoporosis. Which
finding is most concerning and requires immediate action?
A. Kyphosis and height loss
B. Complaint of dull back pain
C. Sudden severe pain after coughing
D. Decreased appetite and fatigue
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sudden severe pain after minor movement (like
coughing) may indicate a pathologic fracture, which is a medical
priority.
The nurse is explaining bone density testing to a client.
Which statement about quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is
correct?
A. "It's the most accurate way to assess your bone
health."
B. "It exposes you to a moderate amount of radiation."
C. "It is inexpensive and can be done without radiation."
D. "It requires sedation and hospital admission."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: QUS is a low-cost, radiation-free, portable tool used
