ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR 18TH
EDITION ROBBINS TEST BANK ACTUAL
EXAM SCRIPT 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
⩥ lower-order needs. Answer: Needs that are satisfied externally, such as
physiological and safety needs.
⩥ self-actualization. Answer: The drive to become what a person is
capable of becoming.
⩥ higher-order needs. Answer: Needs that are satisfied internally, such
as social, esteem, and self-actualization needs.
⩥ Theory X. Answer: The assumption that employees dislike work, are
lazy, dislike responsibility, and must be coerced to perform
⩥ Theory Y. Answer: The assumption that employees like work, are
creative, seek responsibility, and can exercise self-direction.
⩥ two-factor theory. Answer: A theory that relates intrinsic factors to job
satisfaction and associates extrinsic factors with dissatisfaction. Also
called motivation-hygiene theory.
,⩥ hygiene factors. Answer: Factors—such as company policy and
administration, supervision, and salary—that, when adequate in a job,
placate workers. When these factors are adequate, people will not be
dissatisfied.
⩥ McClelland's theory of needs. Answer: A theory that states
achievement, power, and affiliation are three important needs that help
explain motivation.
⩥ McClelland's 3 needs. Answer: 1. Need for achievement (nAch) 2.
Need for power (nPow) 3. Need for affiliation (nAff)
⩥ Need for affiliation (nAff). Answer: The desire for friendly and close
interpersonal relationships.
⩥ Need for power (nPow). Answer: The need to make others behave in a
way in which they would not have behaved otherwise.
⩥ Need for achievement (nAch). Answer: The drive to excel, to achieve
in relationship to a set of standards, and to strive to succeed.
⩥ self-determination theory. Answer: A theory of motivation that is
concerned with the beneficial effects of intrinsic motivation and the
harmful effects of extrinsic motivation.
, ⩥ cognitive evaluation theory. Answer: A version of self-determination
theory which holds that allocating extrinsic rewards for behavior that
had been previously intrinsically rewarding tends to decrease the overall
level of motivation if the rewards are seen as controlling.
⩥ self-concordance. Answer: The degree to which peoples' reasons for
pursuing goals are consistent with their interests and core values.
⩥ job engagement. Answer: The investment of an employee's physical,
cognitive, and emotional energies into job performance.
⩥ goal-setting theory. Answer: A theory that says that specific and
difficult goals, with feedback, lead to higher performance.
⩥ management by objectives (MBO). Answer: A program that
encompasses specific goals, participatively set, for an explicit time
period, with feedback on goal progress.
⩥ self-efficacy. Answer: An individual's belief that he or she is capable
of performing a task.
⩥ reinforcement theory. Answer: A theory that says that behavior is a
function of its consequences.
EDITION ROBBINS TEST BANK ACTUAL
EXAM SCRIPT 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
⩥ lower-order needs. Answer: Needs that are satisfied externally, such as
physiological and safety needs.
⩥ self-actualization. Answer: The drive to become what a person is
capable of becoming.
⩥ higher-order needs. Answer: Needs that are satisfied internally, such
as social, esteem, and self-actualization needs.
⩥ Theory X. Answer: The assumption that employees dislike work, are
lazy, dislike responsibility, and must be coerced to perform
⩥ Theory Y. Answer: The assumption that employees like work, are
creative, seek responsibility, and can exercise self-direction.
⩥ two-factor theory. Answer: A theory that relates intrinsic factors to job
satisfaction and associates extrinsic factors with dissatisfaction. Also
called motivation-hygiene theory.
,⩥ hygiene factors. Answer: Factors—such as company policy and
administration, supervision, and salary—that, when adequate in a job,
placate workers. When these factors are adequate, people will not be
dissatisfied.
⩥ McClelland's theory of needs. Answer: A theory that states
achievement, power, and affiliation are three important needs that help
explain motivation.
⩥ McClelland's 3 needs. Answer: 1. Need for achievement (nAch) 2.
Need for power (nPow) 3. Need for affiliation (nAff)
⩥ Need for affiliation (nAff). Answer: The desire for friendly and close
interpersonal relationships.
⩥ Need for power (nPow). Answer: The need to make others behave in a
way in which they would not have behaved otherwise.
⩥ Need for achievement (nAch). Answer: The drive to excel, to achieve
in relationship to a set of standards, and to strive to succeed.
⩥ self-determination theory. Answer: A theory of motivation that is
concerned with the beneficial effects of intrinsic motivation and the
harmful effects of extrinsic motivation.
, ⩥ cognitive evaluation theory. Answer: A version of self-determination
theory which holds that allocating extrinsic rewards for behavior that
had been previously intrinsically rewarding tends to decrease the overall
level of motivation if the rewards are seen as controlling.
⩥ self-concordance. Answer: The degree to which peoples' reasons for
pursuing goals are consistent with their interests and core values.
⩥ job engagement. Answer: The investment of an employee's physical,
cognitive, and emotional energies into job performance.
⩥ goal-setting theory. Answer: A theory that says that specific and
difficult goals, with feedback, lead to higher performance.
⩥ management by objectives (MBO). Answer: A program that
encompasses specific goals, participatively set, for an explicit time
period, with feedback on goal progress.
⩥ self-efficacy. Answer: An individual's belief that he or she is capable
of performing a task.
⩥ reinforcement theory. Answer: A theory that says that behavior is a
function of its consequences.
