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System software
general-purpose software that is used to operate computer hardware
Application software
specific-purpose software used to perform a specific task
Operating systems
contains the user interface and the kernel of the operating system
Operating System (OS)
software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common
services for computer programs. It performs all the basic tasks like file management, memory
management, process management, handling input and output, and controlling peripheral
devices such as disk drives and printers
Operating systems typically come in which four categories?
Network operating systems
Server operating systems
Mobile operating systems
Personal computer operating systems
Operating systems typically fall into which two categories?
Network operating system
Desktop operating system
Windows
, Developed by Microsoft, Inc. Is a closed-source operating system, also known as proprietary
software, because only the company that owns the software can modify the code.
MacOs
Developed by Apple, Inc. Operating systems are closed-source and designed to only run on
Apple hardware.
Linux
Open-source operating system software, which means it can be modified and distributed by
anyone around the world. There are many different distributions (versions), referred to as
flavors. In addition to the desktop operating systems, many distributions are designed for
servers.
Utility software
Extends the capabilities of an operating system. Helps customize the operating system's
function. Some examples include software to compress or decompress data, play multimedia
presentations, and handle network communications.
Kernel
The internal part of an operating system. Contains the operating system components that
perform the basic functions required by the computer installation.
User Interface
allows end users to communicate with the operating system
Command-line interfaces (CLIs)
a type of user interface that communicate with end users through textual messages using a
keyboard and monitor
Graphical user interfaces (GUIs)
allow end users to issue commands through input devices such as mouses, keyboards, or touch
screens
Superuser or Root Account.
Accounts are established by the administrator, whose account is often called a _______
File managers
able to bundle files into directories or folders