Urinary Tract Infection
(UTI)
HIGH-YIELD | Quick review for exams and clinical practice
(5-minute review)
✔ First-line treatment
✔ Dosage & duration
✔ Outpatient management
✔ Referral criteria
✔ Exam pearls
Uncomplicated Cystitis – First-line Treatment (HIGH-YIELD)
Nitrofurantoin 100 mg PO q6h × 5 days
Fosfomycin 3 g single dose
Cephalexin 500 mg PO q8h × 5 days
Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole 160/800 mg PO q12h × 5 days
Amoxicillin only if susceptibility is known
Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis – Outpatient Management (EXAM FAVORITE)
Cephalexin 500 mg PO q6h × 7 days
Cefuroxime 500 mg PO q12h × 7 days
Levofloxacin 750 mg PO q24h × 5 days
Ciprofloxacin 500–750 mg PO q12h × 7 days
CYSTITIS PYELONEPHRITIS
Fever No Yes
Back pain No Common
Management Outpatient Outpatient / Refer
Antibiotic duration 5 days 7 days
So... ¿When should I
alarm? 🧠 HIGH-YIELD PEARLS – UTI
Nitrofurantoin ❌ NOT used
No clinical improvement in pyelonephritis
after 72 hours of antibiotics Fosfomycin → cystitis only
Oral intolerance Fever + flank pain = think
Suspected SEPSIS pyelonephritis
Complicated UTI Fluoroquinolones only if local
resistance <10% and
according to guidelines
NOTE: Educational material only. Does not replace
clinical judgment or local clinical guidelines.
(UTI)
HIGH-YIELD | Quick review for exams and clinical practice
(5-minute review)
✔ First-line treatment
✔ Dosage & duration
✔ Outpatient management
✔ Referral criteria
✔ Exam pearls
Uncomplicated Cystitis – First-line Treatment (HIGH-YIELD)
Nitrofurantoin 100 mg PO q6h × 5 days
Fosfomycin 3 g single dose
Cephalexin 500 mg PO q8h × 5 days
Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole 160/800 mg PO q12h × 5 days
Amoxicillin only if susceptibility is known
Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis – Outpatient Management (EXAM FAVORITE)
Cephalexin 500 mg PO q6h × 7 days
Cefuroxime 500 mg PO q12h × 7 days
Levofloxacin 750 mg PO q24h × 5 days
Ciprofloxacin 500–750 mg PO q12h × 7 days
CYSTITIS PYELONEPHRITIS
Fever No Yes
Back pain No Common
Management Outpatient Outpatient / Refer
Antibiotic duration 5 days 7 days
So... ¿When should I
alarm? 🧠 HIGH-YIELD PEARLS – UTI
Nitrofurantoin ❌ NOT used
No clinical improvement in pyelonephritis
after 72 hours of antibiotics Fosfomycin → cystitis only
Oral intolerance Fever + flank pain = think
Suspected SEPSIS pyelonephritis
Complicated UTI Fluoroquinolones only if local
resistance <10% and
according to guidelines
NOTE: Educational material only. Does not replace
clinical judgment or local clinical guidelines.
