BIOLOGY 1108 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔List the function of loose connective tissue. What is it made out of? - ✔✔F(x): Holds
other tissues and organs in place, fills spaces.
It is made out of large fibers like collagen and elastin.
✔✔List the function of fibrous connective tissue. What is it made out of? - ✔✔F(x):
forms tendons (muscle to bone) and ligaments (bone to bone).
It is made out of densely packed bundles of collagen forming very strong non-elastic.
✔✔List the function of adipose tissue. What is it made out of? - ✔✔F(x): fat storage,
insulation and protection.
It is made out of closely packed cells in a loose fiber matrix.
✔✔What is the difference between white and brown adipose tissue? - ✔✔White A.T: fat
storage, insulation, organ protection and body contours
Brown A.T: heat generation
✔✔List the function of cartilage. What is it made out of? - ✔✔F(x): skeletal support &
structure, provides framework for bone deposition, smooth surfaces, & shock absorption
for joints between bones
It is made out of collagen embedded in a flexible, rubbery matrix.
✔✔What are the 3 types of cartilage? What is the most abundant type? - ✔✔1. Hyaline,
MOST abundant (center for bone growth)
2. Elastic
3. Fibrocartilage
✔✔What is bone? - ✔✔Hard connective tissue with calcium.
✔✔What is the circular unit of bone? - ✔✔Osteons or haversian systems.
✔✔List the function of blood. What is it made out of? - ✔✔F(x): transportation and
immunity
It is made out of plasma.
✔✔Whats the function of red blood cells and white blood cells? - ✔✔RBC: gas transport
WBC: immune defense
✔✔What are the 3 types of muscle tissues? List each one's type of movement. - ✔✔1.
Skeletal: responsible for all voluntary movement
2. Cardiac: movement is involuntary
3. Smooth: movement is involuntary
, ✔✔What is a neuron? What does a neuron consist of? - ✔✔A basic unit of nervous
tissue that consist of a cell body with 2 or more extensions called axons and dendrites.
Bonus: Axons transmit AWAY, dendrites towards the cell body.
✔✔What do glia (supporting cells) do? - ✔✔Nourish neurons and from insulation around
axons. Some also act as stem cells and regenerate neurons and other glia.
✔✔How many organ systems are there?
Bonus: name them all - ✔✔12.
Digestive, Respiratory, Circulatory, Immune, Lymphatic, Urinary, Endocrine, Nervous,
Skeletal, Muscular, Integumentary, Reproductive.
✔✔What does the digestive system consist of? 3 things
Bonus: name all the parts of this system. - ✔✔1. Ingestion (mechanical, chem
breakdown)
2. Absorption
3. Excretion
✔✔What does the respiratory system do?
Bonus: name all the parts of this system. - ✔✔Gaseous exchange. Oxygen in, CO2 out.
✔✔What does the circulatory system do?
Bonus: name all the parts of this system. - ✔✔Transports food and oxygen to cells and
takes CO2 and metabolic wastes for exhalation and excretion.
✔✔What does the lymphatic/immune system do?
Bonus: name all the parts of this system. - ✔✔L: picks up fluid leaked from blood
vessels and returns it to the blood.
I: defends against infection and cancer
✔✔What does the urinary system do?
Bonus: name all the parts of this system. - ✔✔1. eliminates metabolic waste from the
body
2. regulates chemical composition
3. regulates the acid base balance (pH)
✔✔What does the endocrine system do?
ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔List the function of loose connective tissue. What is it made out of? - ✔✔F(x): Holds
other tissues and organs in place, fills spaces.
It is made out of large fibers like collagen and elastin.
✔✔List the function of fibrous connective tissue. What is it made out of? - ✔✔F(x):
forms tendons (muscle to bone) and ligaments (bone to bone).
It is made out of densely packed bundles of collagen forming very strong non-elastic.
✔✔List the function of adipose tissue. What is it made out of? - ✔✔F(x): fat storage,
insulation and protection.
It is made out of closely packed cells in a loose fiber matrix.
✔✔What is the difference between white and brown adipose tissue? - ✔✔White A.T: fat
storage, insulation, organ protection and body contours
Brown A.T: heat generation
✔✔List the function of cartilage. What is it made out of? - ✔✔F(x): skeletal support &
structure, provides framework for bone deposition, smooth surfaces, & shock absorption
for joints between bones
It is made out of collagen embedded in a flexible, rubbery matrix.
✔✔What are the 3 types of cartilage? What is the most abundant type? - ✔✔1. Hyaline,
MOST abundant (center for bone growth)
2. Elastic
3. Fibrocartilage
✔✔What is bone? - ✔✔Hard connective tissue with calcium.
✔✔What is the circular unit of bone? - ✔✔Osteons or haversian systems.
✔✔List the function of blood. What is it made out of? - ✔✔F(x): transportation and
immunity
It is made out of plasma.
✔✔Whats the function of red blood cells and white blood cells? - ✔✔RBC: gas transport
WBC: immune defense
✔✔What are the 3 types of muscle tissues? List each one's type of movement. - ✔✔1.
Skeletal: responsible for all voluntary movement
2. Cardiac: movement is involuntary
3. Smooth: movement is involuntary
, ✔✔What is a neuron? What does a neuron consist of? - ✔✔A basic unit of nervous
tissue that consist of a cell body with 2 or more extensions called axons and dendrites.
Bonus: Axons transmit AWAY, dendrites towards the cell body.
✔✔What do glia (supporting cells) do? - ✔✔Nourish neurons and from insulation around
axons. Some also act as stem cells and regenerate neurons and other glia.
✔✔How many organ systems are there?
Bonus: name them all - ✔✔12.
Digestive, Respiratory, Circulatory, Immune, Lymphatic, Urinary, Endocrine, Nervous,
Skeletal, Muscular, Integumentary, Reproductive.
✔✔What does the digestive system consist of? 3 things
Bonus: name all the parts of this system. - ✔✔1. Ingestion (mechanical, chem
breakdown)
2. Absorption
3. Excretion
✔✔What does the respiratory system do?
Bonus: name all the parts of this system. - ✔✔Gaseous exchange. Oxygen in, CO2 out.
✔✔What does the circulatory system do?
Bonus: name all the parts of this system. - ✔✔Transports food and oxygen to cells and
takes CO2 and metabolic wastes for exhalation and excretion.
✔✔What does the lymphatic/immune system do?
Bonus: name all the parts of this system. - ✔✔L: picks up fluid leaked from blood
vessels and returns it to the blood.
I: defends against infection and cancer
✔✔What does the urinary system do?
Bonus: name all the parts of this system. - ✔✔1. eliminates metabolic waste from the
body
2. regulates chemical composition
3. regulates the acid base balance (pH)
✔✔What does the endocrine system do?
