PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAMINATION TEST 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ dural sinuses. Answer: Formed by spits in dura mater. Collect venous
blood and CSF for return to general circulation.
◉ mediastinum (what is it). Answer: Area of thoracic cavity between
lungs. Location of trachea, esophagus, heart & large vessels
◉ pericardial sac. Answer: Fibrous sac, holds heart, double-walled,
anchors heart to diaphragm.
◉ endocardium. Answer: inner layer of heart, forms 4 heart valves
◉ septum in heart. Answer: separtes L & R sides of heart
◉ SA node - other name. Answer: pacemaker
◉ sinus rhythm. Answer: basic rate of impulses generated by SA node
(70 beats per minute)
,◉ location of sinoatrial node. Answer: right atrium
◉ Where does impulse go to after SA node. Answer: Spreads through
atrial conduction pathways, resulting in contraction of both atria
◉ AV node - what is it. Answer: Atrioventricular node. Impulse arrives
here after SA node sent it through atria
◉ AV node - where is it. Answer: Floor of R atrium near septum. Is the
only anatomical connection between atrial and ventricular portions of
conduction system.
◉ AV bundle - other name. Answer: Bundle of His - other name
◉ ECG - what does it do. Answer: Records electrical changes sent by
conduction impulses as picked up by electrodes
◉ apoptosis. Answer: normal programmed cell death in tissues
◉ endogenous. Answer: originating from within the body
◉ exogenous. Answer: originating from outside the body
, ◉ gangrene. Answer: necrotic tissue infected by bacteria
◉ hypoxia. Answer: decreased or insufficient level of oxygen in the
tissues
◉ iatrogenic. Answer: caused by a treatment, procedure or error
◉ idiopathic. Answer: no known cause
◉ ischemia. Answer: decreased blood supply to an organ or tissue
◉ lysis. Answer: destruction of a cell
◉ lysosomal enzymes. Answer: released into tissues undergoing lysis;
cause inflammation and damage to nearby cells and reduced function
◉ morphologic. Answer: structural
◉ pathogenesis. Answer: development of the disease or sequence of
events involved in the tissue changes related to the specific disease
process
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ dural sinuses. Answer: Formed by spits in dura mater. Collect venous
blood and CSF for return to general circulation.
◉ mediastinum (what is it). Answer: Area of thoracic cavity between
lungs. Location of trachea, esophagus, heart & large vessels
◉ pericardial sac. Answer: Fibrous sac, holds heart, double-walled,
anchors heart to diaphragm.
◉ endocardium. Answer: inner layer of heart, forms 4 heart valves
◉ septum in heart. Answer: separtes L & R sides of heart
◉ SA node - other name. Answer: pacemaker
◉ sinus rhythm. Answer: basic rate of impulses generated by SA node
(70 beats per minute)
,◉ location of sinoatrial node. Answer: right atrium
◉ Where does impulse go to after SA node. Answer: Spreads through
atrial conduction pathways, resulting in contraction of both atria
◉ AV node - what is it. Answer: Atrioventricular node. Impulse arrives
here after SA node sent it through atria
◉ AV node - where is it. Answer: Floor of R atrium near septum. Is the
only anatomical connection between atrial and ventricular portions of
conduction system.
◉ AV bundle - other name. Answer: Bundle of His - other name
◉ ECG - what does it do. Answer: Records electrical changes sent by
conduction impulses as picked up by electrodes
◉ apoptosis. Answer: normal programmed cell death in tissues
◉ endogenous. Answer: originating from within the body
◉ exogenous. Answer: originating from outside the body
, ◉ gangrene. Answer: necrotic tissue infected by bacteria
◉ hypoxia. Answer: decreased or insufficient level of oxygen in the
tissues
◉ iatrogenic. Answer: caused by a treatment, procedure or error
◉ idiopathic. Answer: no known cause
◉ ischemia. Answer: decreased blood supply to an organ or tissue
◉ lysis. Answer: destruction of a cell
◉ lysosomal enzymes. Answer: released into tissues undergoing lysis;
cause inflammation and damage to nearby cells and reduced function
◉ morphologic. Answer: structural
◉ pathogenesis. Answer: development of the disease or sequence of
events involved in the tissue changes related to the specific disease
process
