NUFT 204 Cardiovascular assessment Exam Questions and Answers| New Update with 100%
Correct Answers
What structures take blood away from the heart to the body? Arteries
What structures take blood back to the heart from the body? Veins
What type of system are arteries and veins part of? Closed system
What makes valves open and close? Pressure
Describe the blood flow through the heart. SVC/IVC —> RA —> RV —-> lungs —> LA —-> LV
—> body
What valve allows blood to enter the RV from the RA? Tricuspid valve
What valve allows blood to enter the lungs via the pulmonary artery from the RV?
Pulmonary valve
What valve allows blood to enter the LV from the LA? Mitral valve
What structure brings blood to the LA from the lungs? Pulmonary vein
What valve allows blood to go to the body via the aorta from the LV? Aortic valve
What is the role of the SVC and IVC? Bring deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart
to get oxygenated by the lungs
What occurs during systole? 1. Atria are filling
,2. Ventricles are contracting (considered pumping phase)
3. Tricuspid and mitral valves close (S1 - lub sound)
4. Blood is going to the lungs and body from the ventricles
5. Occurs slightly later in R side (only like a millisecond)
6. Pressure in R side is lower
Why is pressure always more on L side than R side? Because L side needs to pump blood to
the body
What occurs during diastole? 1. Ventricles are relaxed due to filling (aka filling phase)
2. Pulmonic and aortic valves close (S2 - Dub sound)
Which valves of the heart are considered atrioventricular valves? Tricuspid and mitral valves
Which valves of the heart are considered semilunar valves? Pulmonic and aortic valves
The heart is supplied by which 2 branches of the autonomic nervous system? Which branch
decreases rate and which increases rate? 1. Sympathetic (aka adrenergic)
-increases heart rate
2. Parasympathetic (aka cholinergic)
, -decreases heart rate
What determines the rate and strength of one's pulse? Electrical impulses sent to the heart
by the brain
What are the 6 anatomical landmarks for a cardiac assessment? Aortic (R 2nd ICS)
Pulmonic (L 2nd ICS)
Erb's Point (L 3rd ICS)
Tricuspid (L 4th ICS)
Mitral (L 5th ICS slightly lateral to midclavicular line)
What are the normal heart sounds? S1 (lub) and S2 (dub)
What are abnormalities that can be found on a cardiac assessment? 1. Dysrhythmias
2. Extra heart sounds (S3 and S4)
3. Murmurs (grade, pitch, quality)
How should auscultation of the heart be done? 1. Listen at each of the 6 anatomical
landmarks with the diaphragm
2. Identify S1 and S2 separately at each landmark
Correct Answers
What structures take blood away from the heart to the body? Arteries
What structures take blood back to the heart from the body? Veins
What type of system are arteries and veins part of? Closed system
What makes valves open and close? Pressure
Describe the blood flow through the heart. SVC/IVC —> RA —> RV —-> lungs —> LA —-> LV
—> body
What valve allows blood to enter the RV from the RA? Tricuspid valve
What valve allows blood to enter the lungs via the pulmonary artery from the RV?
Pulmonary valve
What valve allows blood to enter the LV from the LA? Mitral valve
What structure brings blood to the LA from the lungs? Pulmonary vein
What valve allows blood to go to the body via the aorta from the LV? Aortic valve
What is the role of the SVC and IVC? Bring deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart
to get oxygenated by the lungs
What occurs during systole? 1. Atria are filling
,2. Ventricles are contracting (considered pumping phase)
3. Tricuspid and mitral valves close (S1 - lub sound)
4. Blood is going to the lungs and body from the ventricles
5. Occurs slightly later in R side (only like a millisecond)
6. Pressure in R side is lower
Why is pressure always more on L side than R side? Because L side needs to pump blood to
the body
What occurs during diastole? 1. Ventricles are relaxed due to filling (aka filling phase)
2. Pulmonic and aortic valves close (S2 - Dub sound)
Which valves of the heart are considered atrioventricular valves? Tricuspid and mitral valves
Which valves of the heart are considered semilunar valves? Pulmonic and aortic valves
The heart is supplied by which 2 branches of the autonomic nervous system? Which branch
decreases rate and which increases rate? 1. Sympathetic (aka adrenergic)
-increases heart rate
2. Parasympathetic (aka cholinergic)
, -decreases heart rate
What determines the rate and strength of one's pulse? Electrical impulses sent to the heart
by the brain
What are the 6 anatomical landmarks for a cardiac assessment? Aortic (R 2nd ICS)
Pulmonic (L 2nd ICS)
Erb's Point (L 3rd ICS)
Tricuspid (L 4th ICS)
Mitral (L 5th ICS slightly lateral to midclavicular line)
What are the normal heart sounds? S1 (lub) and S2 (dub)
What are abnormalities that can be found on a cardiac assessment? 1. Dysrhythmias
2. Extra heart sounds (S3 and S4)
3. Murmurs (grade, pitch, quality)
How should auscultation of the heart be done? 1. Listen at each of the 6 anatomical
landmarks with the diaphragm
2. Identify S1 and S2 separately at each landmark
