CHAPTER 49 ENDOCRINE PROBLEMS MEDICAL
SURGICAL NURSING REVIEW FILE 2026 TESTED
QUESTIONS
◉ What are common treatments for pituitary tumors? Answer:
Hormones, irradiation, or surgery.
◉ What is a hypophysectomy? Answer: Surgical removal of the
pituitary gland.
◉ What are signs of hyperfunction of the pituitary gland in children?
Answer: Gigantism, which is the enlargement of the entire body.
◉ What condition results in acromegaly in adults? Answer:
Hyperfunction of the pituitary gland due to increased hormone
release.
◉ What is the most common cause of hypofunction of the pituitary
gland? Answer: A tumor.
◉ What syndrome can occur due to postpartum hemorrhage?
Answer: Sheehan syndrome.
,◉ What are the symptoms of diabetes insipidus? Answer: Thirst,
weakness, fatigue, and nocturia.
◉ What is central diabetes insipidus associated with? Answer: Brain
tumors, head injury, neurosurgery, or CNS infections.
◉ What is the treatment for diabetes insipidus? Answer: Fluid and
electrolyte replacement, and hormone therapy with Desmopressin
(DDAVP).
◉ What does SIADH stand for? Answer: Syndrome of Inappropriate
Antidiuretic Hormone.
◉ What is a key symptom of SIADH? Answer: Fluid volume overload
leading to confusion, seizures, and weight gain.
◉ How is SIADH diagnosed? Answer: Urine and serum osmolality
tests, along with blood tests for BUN and creatinine clearance.
◉ What is a goiter? Answer: An enlarged thyroid gland due to iodine
deficiency or lack of thyroid hormone.
◉ What are the earliest symptoms of hyperthyroidism? Answer:
Weight loss and nervousness.
, ◉ What is a thyroid storm? Answer: A sudden increase in thyroxine
output, potentially leading to severe symptoms and death.
◉ What are the symptoms of a thyroid storm? Answer: High fever,
rapid pulse, rapid respirations, and marked restlessness.
◉ What is the treatment for a thyroid storm? Answer: Reduce
temperature, use cardiac drugs to slow heart rate, and sedatives to
reduce anxiety.
◉ What medication is prescribed for central diabetes insipidus?
Answer: Desmopressin.
◉ What is the role of iodine in thyroid function? Answer: It is
essential for the production of thyroid hormones.
◉ What are the nursing management strategies post-
hypophysectomy? Answer: Monitor vital signs, neuro status, and
observe for complications.
◉ What should patients avoid after a hypophysectomy? Answer:
Blowing the nose, brushing teeth, sneezing, coughing, or bending
forward.
SURGICAL NURSING REVIEW FILE 2026 TESTED
QUESTIONS
◉ What are common treatments for pituitary tumors? Answer:
Hormones, irradiation, or surgery.
◉ What is a hypophysectomy? Answer: Surgical removal of the
pituitary gland.
◉ What are signs of hyperfunction of the pituitary gland in children?
Answer: Gigantism, which is the enlargement of the entire body.
◉ What condition results in acromegaly in adults? Answer:
Hyperfunction of the pituitary gland due to increased hormone
release.
◉ What is the most common cause of hypofunction of the pituitary
gland? Answer: A tumor.
◉ What syndrome can occur due to postpartum hemorrhage?
Answer: Sheehan syndrome.
,◉ What are the symptoms of diabetes insipidus? Answer: Thirst,
weakness, fatigue, and nocturia.
◉ What is central diabetes insipidus associated with? Answer: Brain
tumors, head injury, neurosurgery, or CNS infections.
◉ What is the treatment for diabetes insipidus? Answer: Fluid and
electrolyte replacement, and hormone therapy with Desmopressin
(DDAVP).
◉ What does SIADH stand for? Answer: Syndrome of Inappropriate
Antidiuretic Hormone.
◉ What is a key symptom of SIADH? Answer: Fluid volume overload
leading to confusion, seizures, and weight gain.
◉ How is SIADH diagnosed? Answer: Urine and serum osmolality
tests, along with blood tests for BUN and creatinine clearance.
◉ What is a goiter? Answer: An enlarged thyroid gland due to iodine
deficiency or lack of thyroid hormone.
◉ What are the earliest symptoms of hyperthyroidism? Answer:
Weight loss and nervousness.
, ◉ What is a thyroid storm? Answer: A sudden increase in thyroxine
output, potentially leading to severe symptoms and death.
◉ What are the symptoms of a thyroid storm? Answer: High fever,
rapid pulse, rapid respirations, and marked restlessness.
◉ What is the treatment for a thyroid storm? Answer: Reduce
temperature, use cardiac drugs to slow heart rate, and sedatives to
reduce anxiety.
◉ What medication is prescribed for central diabetes insipidus?
Answer: Desmopressin.
◉ What is the role of iodine in thyroid function? Answer: It is
essential for the production of thyroid hormones.
◉ What are the nursing management strategies post-
hypophysectomy? Answer: Monitor vital signs, neuro status, and
observe for complications.
◉ What should patients avoid after a hypophysectomy? Answer:
Blowing the nose, brushing teeth, sneezing, coughing, or bending
forward.
