NR283 EXAM 1 WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS 2026
1. Which of the following would be the most likely cause of an
iatrogenic disease?
a. An inherited disorder
b. A combination of specific etiological factors
c. An unwanted effect of a prescribed drug
d. Prolonged exposure to toxic chemicals in the environment
correct answer c. An unwanted effect of a prescribed drug
2. The manifestations of a disease are best defined as the:
a. subjective feelings of discomfort during a chronic illness.
b. signs and symptoms of a disease.
c. factors that precipitate an acute episode of a chronic illness.
d. early indicators of the prodromal stage of infection. correct
answer b. signs and symptoms of a disease
,3. The best definition of the term prognosis is the:
a. precipitating factors causing an acute episode.
b. number of remissions to be expected during the course of a
chronic illness.
c. predicted outcome or likelihood of recovery from a specific
disease.
d. exacerbations occurring during chronic illness. correct answer
c. predicted outcome or likelihood of recovery from a specific
disease.
4. Which of the following is considered a systemic sign of disease?
a. Swelling of the knee
b. Fever
c. Pain in the neck
d. Red rash on the face correct answer b. Fever
5. Etiology is defined as the study of the:
,a. causes of a disease.
b. course of a disease.
c. expected complications of a disease.
d. manifestations of a disease. correct answer a. causes of a
disease.
6. A type of cellular adaptation in which there is a decrease in cell
size is referred to as:
a. hypertrophy.
b. metaplasia.
c. anaplasia.
d. atrophy. correct answer d. atrophy.
7. A change in a tissue marked by cells that vary in size and
shape and show increased mitotic figures would be called:
a. metaplasia.
, b. atrophy.
c. dysplasia.
d. hypertrophy. correct answer c. dysplasia.
8. A deficit of oxygen in the cells usually due to respiratory or
circulatory problems is called:
a. apoptosis.
b. ischemia.
c. hypertrophy.
d. necrosis. correct answer b. ischemia
9. When a group of cells in the body dies, the change is called:
a. ischemia.
b. gangrene.
c. hypoxia.
ANSWERS 2026
1. Which of the following would be the most likely cause of an
iatrogenic disease?
a. An inherited disorder
b. A combination of specific etiological factors
c. An unwanted effect of a prescribed drug
d. Prolonged exposure to toxic chemicals in the environment
correct answer c. An unwanted effect of a prescribed drug
2. The manifestations of a disease are best defined as the:
a. subjective feelings of discomfort during a chronic illness.
b. signs and symptoms of a disease.
c. factors that precipitate an acute episode of a chronic illness.
d. early indicators of the prodromal stage of infection. correct
answer b. signs and symptoms of a disease
,3. The best definition of the term prognosis is the:
a. precipitating factors causing an acute episode.
b. number of remissions to be expected during the course of a
chronic illness.
c. predicted outcome or likelihood of recovery from a specific
disease.
d. exacerbations occurring during chronic illness. correct answer
c. predicted outcome or likelihood of recovery from a specific
disease.
4. Which of the following is considered a systemic sign of disease?
a. Swelling of the knee
b. Fever
c. Pain in the neck
d. Red rash on the face correct answer b. Fever
5. Etiology is defined as the study of the:
,a. causes of a disease.
b. course of a disease.
c. expected complications of a disease.
d. manifestations of a disease. correct answer a. causes of a
disease.
6. A type of cellular adaptation in which there is a decrease in cell
size is referred to as:
a. hypertrophy.
b. metaplasia.
c. anaplasia.
d. atrophy. correct answer d. atrophy.
7. A change in a tissue marked by cells that vary in size and
shape and show increased mitotic figures would be called:
a. metaplasia.
, b. atrophy.
c. dysplasia.
d. hypertrophy. correct answer c. dysplasia.
8. A deficit of oxygen in the cells usually due to respiratory or
circulatory problems is called:
a. apoptosis.
b. ischemia.
c. hypertrophy.
d. necrosis. correct answer b. ischemia
9. When a group of cells in the body dies, the change is called:
a. ischemia.
b. gangrene.
c. hypoxia.
