1. Ivy Tech Community College
2. APHY 101
Anatomy and Physiology: Exam 2 Questions
and Answers 2026 Latest Update
Functions of the Integumentary System Ans: -Resistance to
trauma and infection
-Prevents loss or gain of water
-Vitamin D synthesis
-Sensory receptors for heat, cold, touch, texture, pressure,
vibration, and tissue injury
-Thermoregulation
How does skin resist trauma and infection? Ans: -Skin has low pH
to reduce bacteria and fungi
-Cells are packed closely together with tough protein called keratin
Name 3 ways the integumentary system thermoregulates? Ans: -
Glands release sweat for evaporative cooling
- Vasoconstriction
- Vasodilation
Define: Vasoconstriction Ans: narrowing of blood vessels, reduces
heat loss
© 2025 All rights reserved
, Define: Vasodilation Ans: widening of blood vessels, increases heat
loss
What are the 2 main parts of the integumentary system? Ans:
Epidermis- outer layer
Dermis- underlying connective tissue
Hypodermis not really part of the skin!
What does the epidermis primarily consist of? Ans: keratinized
stratified squamous epithelium
What are the epidermal derivatives? Ans: glands, hair, nails
What are the 4 main cell types in the epidermis? Ans: -
Karatinocytes
- Melanocytes
- Tactile (Merkel) cells
- Dendritic (Langerhans) cells
Keratinocytes (functions) Ans: most numerous cell type, make
fibrous protein keratin
Melanocytes (functions) Ans: synthesize pigment called melanin
Tactile cells (functions and 2nd name) Ans: also called Merkel
cells, receptors for the sense of touch, associated with a dermal
nerve fiber
Dendritic cells (functions and 2nd name) Ans: macrophages (big
phagocytic cells) that kill microbes
© 2025 All rights reserved
2. APHY 101
Anatomy and Physiology: Exam 2 Questions
and Answers 2026 Latest Update
Functions of the Integumentary System Ans: -Resistance to
trauma and infection
-Prevents loss or gain of water
-Vitamin D synthesis
-Sensory receptors for heat, cold, touch, texture, pressure,
vibration, and tissue injury
-Thermoregulation
How does skin resist trauma and infection? Ans: -Skin has low pH
to reduce bacteria and fungi
-Cells are packed closely together with tough protein called keratin
Name 3 ways the integumentary system thermoregulates? Ans: -
Glands release sweat for evaporative cooling
- Vasoconstriction
- Vasodilation
Define: Vasoconstriction Ans: narrowing of blood vessels, reduces
heat loss
© 2025 All rights reserved
, Define: Vasodilation Ans: widening of blood vessels, increases heat
loss
What are the 2 main parts of the integumentary system? Ans:
Epidermis- outer layer
Dermis- underlying connective tissue
Hypodermis not really part of the skin!
What does the epidermis primarily consist of? Ans: keratinized
stratified squamous epithelium
What are the epidermal derivatives? Ans: glands, hair, nails
What are the 4 main cell types in the epidermis? Ans: -
Karatinocytes
- Melanocytes
- Tactile (Merkel) cells
- Dendritic (Langerhans) cells
Keratinocytes (functions) Ans: most numerous cell type, make
fibrous protein keratin
Melanocytes (functions) Ans: synthesize pigment called melanin
Tactile cells (functions and 2nd name) Ans: also called Merkel
cells, receptors for the sense of touch, associated with a dermal
nerve fiber
Dendritic cells (functions and 2nd name) Ans: macrophages (big
phagocytic cells) that kill microbes
© 2025 All rights reserved
